True philosophy is the essence of the spirit of the times. Adapting to the requirements of the times and practice, Marx and Engels founded dialectical materialism and historical materialism on the basis of criticizing and transforming the outstanding achievements of predecessors' philosophy, which laid the foundation for the construction of the whole Marxist theory and provided us with a scientific world outlook and methodology.
The first is the revolutionary practice of Marx and Engels and their inheritance and innovation of the achievements of human civilization.
The development of capitalist economy and society and its contradictory movement provide objective conditions for the emergence of Marxism, and the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie puts forward practical needs for the emergence of Marxism, which is the era and practical basis for the emergence of Marxism. Marx and Engels critically inherited the achievements of predecessors, discovered historical materialism and surplus value theory, and realized the great revolution in the history of human thought. Marxist philosophy provides a brand-new world outlook and methodological principles for understanding historical and contemporary issues. Marxist political economy reveals the secret of capitalist exploitation and its historical fate of being inevitably replaced by socialism through a profound analysis of the internal contradictions, operating mechanism and development law of capitalist production mode. These are all scientific theories!
Second, Marxism is the guiding principle of truth for human beings to understand and transform the world.
People's knowledge comes from practice, serves practice, develops with practice and is tested by practice. Understanding depends on practice, and it is impossible to know without practice. Dialectical materialist epistemology holds that cognition is the dynamic reflection of subject to object. Understanding the world and transforming the world are two basic activities of human beings to create history. Adhering to the unity of understanding and practice, in the final analysis, is to combine understanding the world with transforming the world. Understanding the world and transforming the world are interdependent, mutually restrictive and dialectical unity. The theory of the essence and development law of human cognition revealed by Marxist epistemology points out the realistic road for human beings to correctly understand and transform the world and lays a theoretical foundation for the working class and its political parties.
Third, Marxism has improved our ability to understand and survive in human society.
The relationship between social existence and social consciousness is the basic problem of social historical view. A correct understanding of this problem is the basis and prerequisite for solving other social and historical problems. Marx discovered the objective law of the development of human society, scientifically solved the relationship between social existence and social consciousness, and founded historical materialism. At the same time, the law of contradictory movement of productive forces and production relations, the law of contradictory movement of economic base and superstructure revealed by Marx and Engels is the general law of human social development. These laws determine the replacement of social forms and the basic trend of historical development. Marxism applies the class analysis method put forward by these laws, and the people are the decisive force of historical development. It provides theoretical guidance for people to understand human society.
Fourthly, Marxism provides valuable information for us to analyze the two major social types in the world today.
Marx used historical materialism to analyze capitalist society, which not only discovered the secret of surplus value, but also revealed the historical inevitability of capitalist society being replaced by socialist society, and also revealed the general law of commodity economy development and socialization. All these are of great significance to our understanding of capitalism. At the same time, scientific socialism is an important part of Marxism. The development of socialism in the 20th century has both brilliant achievements and serious setbacks. It not only accumulated rich historical experience, but also left profound historical lessons. Learning the basic principles of scientific socialism and summarizing the historical process of socialism is of great significance for grasping the law of social development and strengthening socialist belief. Capitalism and socialism are two major social types in the world today, and Marxism provides conditions for people to study them.
Fifth, Marxism has planned an idealized direction for mankind to enter civilized society.
On the issue of looking forward to the future society, whether to adhere to scientific positions, viewpoints and methods is the basic premise of correctly predicting the future, and it is also the fundamental difference between Marxism and utopian socialism. Classical Marxist writers put forward and consciously used the scientific method of predicting the future society from a scientific standpoint. * * * capitalist society is undoubtedly very beautiful, but according to Marx's consistent stand, viewpoint and method of predicting the future, * * * capitalist society itself will not be a society without any contradictions, nor will it be a static state that does not need or can be further improved and developed. We are convinced that the capitalist society will continue to develop and progress on a higher basis. Therefore, the capitalist society is not the end of human history, but the beginning of human free and conscious history.
I think it is precisely because Marxism has the truth knowledge that the other five philosophies mentioned above do not contain or completely contain that we pay more and more attention to this science. College students are the future of the motherland, the successors and builders of the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and shoulder the historical mission of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must fully realize the scientific nature of Marxism and not study for exams. We should study and master Marxism in the combination of theory and practice, guide practice with theory, and strive to understand the true meaning of Marxism to the greatest extent.
Theory should not be just theory. As college students in 2 1 century, we should realize this more clearly and apply Marxism to infinite social practice. This is my deepest experience in studying Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism. Learning experience of an introduction to the basic principles of Marxism This semester, we learned an introduction to the basic principles of Marxism. Through study, I not only mastered the basic philosophical knowledge, but also found the right direction for building my correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. Let me start to analyze and solve the problems in life with the double-sided view of philosophy, to discover and deal with the * * * nature and personality, so as to make my vision comprehensive, promote my faster and better growth, and make the China * * * production party, which has a history of nearly a hundred years of struggle, mature rapidly. In the 30 years of the new historical period of reform and opening up, it has formed such a set of products facing the world on the basis of socialism. Socialism with Chinese characteristics's great banner, road and theoretical system can make socialism full of vitality, constantly enhance comprehensive national strength and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through long-term struggle. This is really the great fortune of the party, the country, the people and the Chinese nation. This once again strongly shows that at the new historical juncture, the China * * * Production Party can still represent the great future of our country and nation with its own struggle, and can unite more and more people to represent this great future.
The great achievement of Marxism in China shows that it has the character of keeping pace with the times. Marxism keeping pace with the times includes two meanings. First, we must adhere to the basic principles of Marxism, and adhere to Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods. Comrade Deng Xiaoping has said many times that ancestors cannot be lost. If it is lost, it is not that Marxism keeps pace with the times, but that Marxism is no longer needed; The second is to emancipate the mind, analyze new situations and new problems with Marxist standpoints, viewpoints and methods, and draw new conclusions. Otherwise, Marxism will become a rigid dogma and empty talk that does not solve any practical problems. Marxism keeps pace with the times, that is, these two aspects are firm and unambiguous. According to Producer of China, only by combining Marxism with China's reality and characteristics of the times can it achieve success and victory. Only by endowing the basic principle of scientific socialism with China characteristics and characteristics of the times can it succeed and win; It has no future and significance to talk about Marxism without considering China's reality and the characteristics of the times. It has no future and significance to seek and rely on other theories and models without the reality of China and the road and theoretical system that we have achieved great success. At the beginning of the 20th century, in the face of profound changes at home and abroad, Theory of Three Represents was put forward in order to successfully accomplish the three historical tasks of continuing to promote modernization, accomplishing the great cause of national reunification, safeguarding world peace and promoting common development. Practicing Theory of Three Represents is the fundamental guarantee for our party to maintain its advanced nature and always become the core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's strong leadership. Theory of Three Represents, along with Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory, is a great development of Marxism. Looking back on the history of the international proletarian movement 150 years, we can clearly see that adhering to the basic principles of Marxism and constantly developing itself with the changes of the times are the source of Marxism's eternal vitality and vitality.
Marxist philosophy is a great change in the history of philosophical development and a thorough materialistic philosophy based on practice. Learning this course is a foundation for learning other courses from a macro perspective. If you learn this course well, other courses can be integrated and it will be much easier to understand. I think the biggest advantage of learning this course is not only to learn theoretical knowledge, but also to improve my ideological consciousness and my ability to analyze and solve life and study problems.
I think offering this ideological and political theory course is to arm the minds of contemporary college students with Marxism. The course "Introduction to Basic Principles of Marxism" is mainly to educate students on Marxist theory, help them master Marxist world outlook and methodology, establish Marxist outlook on life and values, learn to use Marxist world outlook and methodology to observe and analyze problems, establish the ideal and belief of building a Socialism with Chinese characteristics for students, consciously adhere to the basic theory of Marxism, and lay a solid theoretical foundation of Marxism. Learning theory, the most important thing is to make our young students firmly believe in Marxism and socialism, strengthen their confidence in reform, opening up and modernization, and trust in the party and government. Therefore, I think this course plays an important role in the ideological and political education of the whole college students. The unity of theory and practice is the most basic principle of Marxism, and the purpose of learning is to apply it. Therefore, we college students must take Marxism as a guide to action. The key to integrating theory with practice is: first, to integrate with social reality, and second, to integrate with the life reality of our students. We are in a great era, which has undergone great changes compared with the era when Marx and Engels lived. The international proletarian movement has a history of nearly 160 years, and the socialist system has developed for over 90 years. Peace, development and cooperation have become the themes of today's era, economic globalization has developed in depth and scientific and technological progress has changed with each passing day. At the same time, the international environment is complex and changeable, unstable and uncertain factors affecting peace and development increase, and the imbalance of world development intensifies. Therefore, we should contact the actual situation at home and abroad to understand Marxist theory. Some students think this course is abstruse. Although they have been exposed to "Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism" since junior high school politics, they always think that it is only a subject far from reality and rarely used in real life. But when I was studying this course, I found that many phenomena in my life can reflect the principles. For example, the three laws of dialectics can always be used in our students' real life. It is wisdom to use these principles to solve problems in life. College students are not only in the mature stage of thinking, but also in the plastic stage of thinking. Offering this course is undoubtedly a significant brainstorming for students.