Mao Zedong wrote this article to oppose two tendencies existing in the Party at that time. At that time, the first tendency in the Party, represented by Chen Duxiu, only paid attention to cooperation with the Kuomintang, but forgot the tendency of peasants. The second tendency, represented by Zhang, only pays attention to the workers' movement, but also forgets the peasants' tendency. Both of these tendencies feel that they lack strength, and they don't know where to find strength and where to find the vast allied forces. Mao Zedong pointed out that the peasants were the most extensive and faithful allies of the proletariat in China, thus solving the most important allied problem in the China Revolution. Mao Zedong also foresaw that the national bourgeoisie at that time was a wavering class, which would split when the revolution was in full swing, and its reactionaries would run to imperialism.