Millions of collections are far away from primitive society, Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties, and near to Ming, Qing and even modern times.
The remains of the Qing Palace are mainly composed of three parts: first, the historical remains of the Qing Dynasty and the royal family in politics, economy, culture, life and religion, that is, the historical remains of the court; Second, ancient art treasures such as wanzi paintings collected by the Ming and Qing palaces for hundreds of years; The third is the collection of books and archives in the Qing Dynasty.
Palace historical relics and ancient art treasures are divided into 23 categories.
According to their different textures, shapes and management needs, palace historical relics and ancient art treasures can be divided into paintings, calligraphy, inscriptions, sculptures, bronzes, ceramics, embroidery, jade and stone tools, treasures, lacquerware, enamel, carving techniques, other handicrafts, stationery, daily necessities, clocks and watches, food, imperial seal books, religious relics and military equipment. ***23 categories of 50 or 60 events.
Palace historical relics can be roughly divided into the following three categories according to their functions.
Cultural relics of laws and regulations: cultural relics reflecting laws and regulations, government affairs of the imperial court and military patrols, such as thrones, halogen books, printed books, symbols, memorials, weapons, etc.
Living cultural relics: cultural relics reflecting the life of the queen and the royal family, such as daily life, taking, studying and playing, as well as the cultural customs of the court, such as beds, seats, tables, stools, crowns, Four Treasures of the Study, dress scraps, etc.
Religious cultural relics: cultural relics reflecting religious activities, such as Buddha statues, utensils and scriptures.
The comprehensive collection series determines that the cultural relics display of the Palace Museum is also multidimensional. According to the length of time, the exhibition of cultural relics in the hospital can be divided into two categories: regular exhibition and temporary exhibition.
Regular exhibitions include ceramics museum, Bronze Museum, Jade Museum, Treasure Museum, Watch Museum, etc. Temporary exhibitions include "Painting Exhibition in Ming and Qing Dynasties", "Empress Dress Exhibition in Qing Dynasty" and "Fine Wine Exhibition".
The Qing Palace has nearly 400,000 books.
The collection of books in the Qing Palace is extremely rich, and there are many ancient books handed down from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty in 900 years.
The collection of books in Qing Palace is mainly collected from the above five sources. The most glorious period of book collection was the three dynasties of Kang, Yong and Gan, especially in Qianlong and even the early years of Jiaqing. After Jiaqing, Daoguang of the Five Dynasties waited for more than 90 years, and the Qing society went downhill. British and French allied forces and Eight-Nation Alliance invaded one after another, and a large number of books were scattered and destroyed. After the Revolution of 1911, the royal family of Xun Qing Dynasty, headed by Puyi, temporarily lived in the palace, and its books were burned and lost due to eunuch theft, fire, Puyi reward and other reasons.
By the time the Palace Museum was established, it had collected 520,000 books of the Qing Dynasty. After the cultural relics moved south, more than 6.5438+0.5 million rare books have been deposited in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. After years of re-statistics, there are nearly 400,000 Qing Dynasty books in Beijing Academy, accounting for about four-fifths of the books in the collection. More than 6.5438+0.9 million books have been re-selected into the rare books library, among which there are many rare rare rare books.
The main items of the collection of books in the Qing Dynasty were the new books copied and printed by the imperial government in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which were called manuscripts and prints by the imperial government. There are many manuscripts in the Qing palace, including the remains of the previous generation and the suicide note obtained by search, but the largest number is written by the inner government. In Ming Dynasty, the Forbidden City wrote the masterpiece Yongle Dadian, while in Qing Dynasty, it was represented by Sikuquanshu and Sikuquanshu Yao Hui. It also included various rare books and cheats compiled and copied by the Forbidden City in Qing Dynasty.