Although the reference is placed at the end of the paper, it is also an indispensable part of the paper. It not only shows the scientific basis and historical background of the paper, but also urges the author to develop, improve and innovate on the basis of previous studies.

In scientific and technological papers, all opinions, data and materials quoted from previously published documents (including the author's own past) should be marked where they appear in the paper, and a list of references should be listed at the end of the paper.

02

The role of references

1) to evaluate the academic level.

Recording references can reflect the author's scientific attitude and the true and extensive scientific basis of the paper, as well as the starting point and depth of the paper.

2) Acknowledge the inheritance of science.

Recording references can easily distinguish the author's achievements from those of his predecessors. In the process of elaboration and demonstration, it is inevitable to quote the achievements of predecessors, including viewpoints, methods, data and other materials. If you mark the quoted parts, the achievements of others will be clear. This shows respect for other people's works and eliminates the suspicion of plagiarism.

3) References can serve as an index.

Readers can easily search and find relevant books and materials through the recorded references, so as to have a more detailed understanding of the quotations in the text.

4) Recording references helps to save the length of the paper.

Some contents that need to be expressed in the paper don't need to be explained in detail in any existing literature, just indicate what literature you see in the corresponding place. This not only refines the language, saves space, but also avoids the accumulation of general expressions and materials, making it easy for the paper to meet the requirements of short space and fine content.

5) For readers to consult.

Recording references is helpful for sci-tech information personnel to carry out information research and bibliometrics research.

03

Requirements of references

1) The cited literature must be read by the author himself, which is closely related to the methods, results and discussions in the paper and is enlightening or helpful to this study.

2) Quote the latest literature as much as possible, preferably in recent years, and use less old literature and secondary literature, especially the well-known content in textbooks, and there is no irrelevant literature.

3) The cited articles must be published papers. Unpublished papers that have been notified by a journal can also be cited, but they should be marked "to be published" in brackets after the documents (if the papers have been officially published, they need to be revised).

4) References should be based on the original text, but the original text should not be quoted.

5) The number of references cited in general papers is 10~ 15. Because comprehensive papers are summaries and syntheses of relevant research progress in recent years, there will be more than 20 papers, and some will reach nearly 100.

04

Analysis and Examples of Common References

Special literature

draw

Principal responsible person. Title: Other title information [document type identification/document carrier identification]. Other responsible persons. Version project. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: citation page number [citation date]. Access and access path. Unique identifier of the digital object.

[example]

[1] Xue Huacheng. Management information system [M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Publishing House, 1993:230.

Hosny. Principles of grain science and technology [M]. Li Qinglong translation. Beijing: China Food Publishing House, 1989.

[3] Chen. Old news of national history: Volume 1 [M]. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2000: 29.

[4] Wang Fuzhi. On Song Dynasty [M]. Carving. Jinling: Ceng Guoquan, Xiangxiang, 1865 (four years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty).

China papermaking society. China Papermaking Yearbook: 2003[M/OL]. Beijing: China Light Industry Press, 2003 [20 14-04-25]. /Book/View/250 10080。

Kuhn. The Structure of Scientific Revolution: 4th Edition [M]. Jin Wulun, Hu Xinhe, translated. Second edition. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 20 12.

Literature separated from monographs

draw

The main person in charge of precipitation literature. Title of precipitation document [document type identification/document carrier identification]. Other person in charge of precipitation literature//main person in charge of monograph. Monograph name: other name information. Version project. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number of precipitation literature [citation date]. Access and access path. Unique identifier of the digital object.

[example]

[1] Cheng Genwei. 1998 causes of floods in the Yangtze river and countermeasures for disaster reduction [M]// Xu houze, Flood disaster in the yangtze river basin and scientific and technological countermeasures. Beijing: Science Press, 1999:32-36.

[2] Jia, Ke Ping. Research on Digital Service System of University Library for Digital Literacy [C]// library society of china. Proceedings of the annual meeting of China Library Society: 20 1 1 year. Beijing: National Library Press, 20 1 1: 45-52.