Smart subway originates from "smart earth" and "smart city" proposed by IBM, which is fundamentally an organic integration of "wisdom" and "subway". Wisdom refers to the ability to analyze, judge and invent things. The essential attribute of the subway is a large-capacity public transport, and the most basic purpose is to realize the displacement of people and things. It consists of four basic elements: personnel, trains, facilities and equipment and management system. The development form of subway is the relationship between people, trains, facilities and equipment and management system.
Therefore, the essence of smart subway can be understood as a new subway displacement service system, which enables people to make decisions, learn, innovate and interact. Its core is to reshape the relationship among people, trains, facilities and equipment and management system in the subway system with the help of a new generation of ideas, concepts and technologies, to liberate people from the subway system and realize the transformation from "people adapting to the subway" to "subway adapting to people" and "production".
First of all, the intelligent subway is a new system. In this system, subway elements such as people, cars, infrastructure and management system are reconstructed. In the traditional understanding of subway, the boundaries of various elements are clear. With the development of technology, the boundaries of various elements become blurred. For example, vehicles were originally only used as vehicles. In the smart subway, vehicles may have the functions of calculation and decision-making. This transformation between the functions of these elements makes the smart subway realize the qualitative change of traffic.
Secondly, the intelligent subway is a new development model. In this mode, the subway system, as a main body, can learn independently according to the needs of people and the changes of social environment, and constantly innovate and evolve to adapt to the new needs and environment. Its specific function is to meet the needs of people and society. It is a brand-new expectation for travel, operation and management, and expresses the vision of future subway development that passengers, enterprises and the government all want to realize. Finally, the intelligent subway is a new development stage. As a more advanced stage of transportation system development, it is a process with the development of society, economy and technology, but it is not the ultimate goal of subway development.
Characteristics and definition of intelligent subway
According to the cognition and understanding of the connotation of intelligent subway, this paper summarizes three main characteristics that intelligent subway should have:
(1) Self-organizing operation, self-perception and judgment
Different from the traditional subway system, which mainly adopts manual perception and decision-making, the smart subway uses ubiquitous sensing equipment and intelligent terminals, and relies on advanced communication means such as mobile Internet, which can independently perceive the state of each element in the system in real time. With the help of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other technologies, massive data and information can be analyzed and judged in real-time, centralized and accurate, and scientific decisions can be made and released intelligently. Each subway system can automatically adjust its running state according to the issued decision orders, thus realizing the independent organization and judgment of the subway system.
(2) Independent innovation and continuous evolution
Through the accumulation and iteration of a large amount of data, information and knowledge, smart subway can independently identify and learn the external environment and the internal needs of passengers, enterprises, governments and other subjects, constantly integrate new technologies, new ideas and new concepts into the subway field, integrate the original business functions, realize independent innovation, actively adapt to changes in internal and external conditions, and constantly evolve, better serve public travel, enterprise management, urban construction and regional development, realize demand-side intelligent response and supply-side intelligent service, and promote Therefore, the smart subway is an open and innovative development model, a development process of continuous integration and upgrading, and a development state that constantly adapts to new demands. It has the ability of independent innovation and continuous evolution, which embodies the dynamic characteristics of intelligent subway.
(3) People-oriented, efficient cooperation
Subway has the dual essential attributes of large-capacity transportation and public transportation. The large-capacity traffic attribute makes passengers need to deal with the relationship with other passengers, operators and so on. In addition to trains, facilities and equipment, management system. At the same time, the nature of public transportation makes it impossible for the subway to provide "door-to-door" service for passengers, and it needs to be connected with other modes of transportation, which affects the convenience and efficiency of travel. In view of the problems faced by individual travelers, the smart subway puts more emphasis on resource integration and efficient cooperation between business systems, and realizes the coordination among passengers, trains, infrastructure, management systems and environment, so as to ensure the good experience of passengers in the whole travel chain, which embodies the essential characteristics of the smart subway.
Based on the above understanding, the concept of smart subway is put forward: it refers to a new subway displacement with self-organization, judgment, innovation and continuous evolution, which is established by comprehensively applying new ideas and new concepts, with the help of new generation enabling technologies such as IOT, communication, energy, materials and time-space positioning, aiming at customized response to the needs of passengers, enterprises and governments, and on the basis of thorough perception of the whole process, system and elements of the subway.