For a long time, energy conservation has been the focus of attention all over the world. How many schemes people have thought about, how many measures they have taken, and how much energy and financial resources they have invested, but they have not put them well. What shall we do? It's simple.
In home life, we should: pay attention to turn off the lights and use efficient and energy-saving light bulbs; Low carbon cooking; Save water; Cherish clothes; Energy-saving use of household appliances; Recycling, turning waste into treasure; Saving energy for heating and cooling; Garbage sorting treatment; Exchange and donation of surplus items ...
On the way: an economical car, preferably a bicycle; Choose environmentally friendly gasoline and diesel; Have a wise travel plan before you leave; Pay attention to the coordination of oil distribution when driving, and keep the economic speed; Improve the efficiency of going out ...
When shopping: bring your own shopping bag or reuse plastic bags for shopping; Try to buy local products; Buy seasonal products; Reduce the purchase of animal foods such as meat, eggs and milk; Use less disposable products; Don't fall into the luxury trap; Do not over-package; Use more recyclable materials. ...
In a word, there are other ways to save energy, which need us to draw inferences from others and implement them in all aspects of life.
Global warming has sounded the alarm for us, and the earth is facing great challenges. Protecting the earth means protecting our home. Let's take action, throw away the bad habit of selfishness, and start from small things with broad and selfless kindness and kindness, save energy and reduce emissions, and save the fate of the earth's homeland.
2. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to energy conservation and emission reduction, made unremitting efforts to safeguard the long-term interests of the Chinese nation, clearly put forward the strategic task of building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, and made solemn commitments to the people in the form of putting forward specific goals in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. The Central Economic Work Conference in February, 65438 last year put forward the economic development policy of "* *", which highlighted the important position of saving resources and protecting the environment in economic development.
Recently, the State Council has taken measures to deploy energy conservation and emission reduction, which not only shows that the State Council is serious about this work, but also shows that the situation facing this work is very severe. This article by Dr. Han Yongqi profoundly discusses the close relationship between the development of green wall materials industry and the realization of China's strategic goals of energy conservation and emission reduction, and analyzes the characteristics of green wall materials and the various products they contain. The article is profound and innovative, and it is worth reading by peers in the wall material industry.
At present, the situation facing the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction is very severe, and energy conservation and emission reduction has become the focus of attention at home and abroad and the focus of attention of the people. At present, solid clay brick is still the main wall material in most parts of China. According to statistics, the annual output of solid bricks is still above 540 billion, most of which are produced by township enterprises. The technology is backward, the production scale is small, a lot of energy is wasted, and the environment is polluted. Every year, 950,000 mu of cultivated land is destroyed and occupied. On the other hand, the industrial waste discharged by the whole country is piling up. For example, the national phosphating industry emits more than 30 million tons of "phosphogypsum" every year, and the serious pollution caused by these harmful substances has attracted more and more attention from the whole society. How to change the above situation, the key is to promote the development of green wall materials industry through energy saving and emission reduction. In the future, China wall materials industry will play an important role in energy saving and emission reduction.
Developing green wall materials is one of the important ways to realize the strategic task of energy saving and emission reduction. How to meet the demand of high-speed growth economy for resources and completely abandon the practice of wasting a lot of limited resources of the country, so as to protect cultivated land, save energy, improve the environment, implement sustainable development and turn waste into treasure? Developing green wall materials is one of the important ways to realize the strategic task of energy saving and emission reduction. The so-called green building materials refer to non-toxic or low-toxic healthy building materials, fire-proof or flame-retardant safe building materials, low-energy-saving building materials and various new multifunctional building materials. From the characteristics of green wall materials, the development of green wall materials is an important measure to realize energy saving and emission reduction. The characteristics of green wall materials are obvious: 1. Save resources. Use as few natural resources as possible to make such materials, reduce energy consumption, and use a lot of waste as raw materials; Energy-saving: it can not only save its production energy consumption, but also save the building energy consumption; Land saving: it will not destroy the land (field) and borrow soil as raw materials, and also increase the service life of the building. 2. Adopt clean production technology that does not pollute the environment. No waste residue, waste water and waste gas are discharged in the production process, which greatly reduces the noise and realizes high automation. This product is not only harmless to human health, but also beneficial to human health. 4. Renewable utilization. After the product reaches its service life, it can be recycled without polluting the environment. Therefore, the development of green wall materials is conducive to achieving the strategic goals and tasks of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Implementing the strategic goal of energy saving and emission reduction will promote the development of green wall materials industry in China. First of all, the implementation of the strategic goal of energy saving and emission reduction will promote the utilization of waste residue in China's green wall materials industry. In recent years, the annual discharge of industrial waste residue in China is nearly 654.38+billion tons, which has reached 6.6 billion tons, and the utilization rate is only about 40%. Most of the waste residues such as coal gangue, fly ash, slag and slag can be used as raw materials for the production of wall materials. According to the 3R principle of circular economy, natural fossil raw materials should be used as little as possible in the production of wall materials, and Dolly sheep should use waste residue and waste discharged from agricultural production. An important feature of green wall material is that it takes industrial waste residue as raw material, which not only saves land and energy, but also protects the environment. However, due to the different sources of industrial waste residue, the performance is quite different, and some of them may contain different kinds and quantities of heavy metals, which will produce certain radioactivity after the wall is formed, affecting human health. Green wall material is a kind of pollution-free and harmless product to human health. Only qualified industrial waste residue can be used to produce wall materials. For example, the wall materials produced by fly ash mainly include fly ash sintered brick, fly ash autoclaved brick, fly ash autoclaved lime sand brick, fly ash silicate block, fly ash aerated concrete, fly ash ceramsite, fly ash hollow inner wallboard, fly ash calcium silicate board and so on. There are also sintered solid bricks and hollow bricks produced by coal gangue, coal gangue bricks, coal gangue hollow blocks, and autoclaved coal gangue lightweight aggregate concrete small hollow blocks. Some chemical gypsum wall materials mainly include gypsum board and gypsum block. In addition, there are waste wall materials such as sintered bricks, autoclaved bricks, aerated concrete, and internal and external wallboard produced by tailings wall materials.
Secondly, the implementation of the strategic goal of energy saving and emission reduction will promote the application of agricultural waste wall materials. Wood is the only renewable and recyclable material among the four major materials (steel, cement, plastic and wood), and it is a renewable resource that can be used permanently. Foreign experience shows that as long as the principle that the cutting amount of forest resources is less than the growth amount is followed, the forest resources will be sustainable and the wood supply will be guaranteed. Among the wooden building materials, wall materials are the main products, which are mainly used in the inner side of partition walls and composite external walls. The wood used is not solid wood, but processed artificial board or engineering wood, such as fiberboard, plywood, particleboard, oriented board, glued wood and so on. Building applications generally combine wooden boards with keels to form composite walls, or combine them with lightweight boards such as gypsum boards to form walls. With the exhaustion of mineral resources, the utilization of wood, a renewable resource, will surely be valued by people. There is no doubt that in the long run, wooden wall products are the real green wall materials. At the same time, China is a big agricultural country. Agricultural wastes are widely available, rich in resources, cheap and easy to obtain, with strong market competitiveness, energy saving, pollution reduction and environmental protection. The produced wallboard has the characteristics of light weight, good strength and convenient installation, which meets the requirements of green building materials. The main wall materials produced by agricultural waste are wheat straw homogeneous board, paper straw board, plant fiber cement board, wheat straw man-made board and straw magnesium cement lightweight board.
Third, the implementation of the strategic goal of energy conservation and emission reduction will promote the application of construction waste, gypsum wall materials and composite walls. It is feasible to use construction waste to produce wall products, which is an effective way to save resources, protect the environment and realize green wall materials. At present, the amount of construction waste in China has accounted for 30% ~ 40% of the total urban waste. The research and production of building waste used in wall materials in China is still in its infancy, and the successfully developed product is light block. Its production process is to crush waste bricks and waste concrete blocks, mix them with cement, sand and auxiliary materials as raw materials, and make them into light blocks through vibration pressing and curing. Gypsum wall materials, including gypsum board, fiber gypsum board, gypsum particleboard, gypsum block and gypsum hollow lath, will be developed vigorously. Because gypsum building materials have many excellent characteristics such as simple processing technology, low production energy consumption, light weight, fast setting, magnetic radiation resistance, good fire resistance and so on. Gypsum products are easy to construct, will not release any harmful gas after long-term use, have no radioactivity, can adjust air humidity and save energy, and are typical green building materials products. Taking gypsum board as an example, as a new energy-saving building material for light walls and suspended ceilings, it has the properties of light weight, fire prevention, heat insulation, sound absorption, shock prevention, small shrinkage, nailing, drilling, sawing, planing and bonding, and has been widely used in residential construction and high-rise buildings in developed countries. After nearly 70 years of development, at present, more than 80% of the wall materials and ceiling materials in newly-built houses in the United States use gypsum board, and its annual output has remained above 2.5 billion square meters in recent years, while the average annual growth rate in Japan is 8%, and the output has remained above 600 million square meters in recent years. The per capita annual consumption of developed countries is 4.6 square meters in Japan, 10 square meters in the United States, 7.6 square meters in France, and even10.5 square meters in South Korea, while only 0.05 square meters in China, which shows the huge gap between its share and per capita ratio and the huge market potential.
Composite walls will be very popular. The heat loss of buildings is mainly through the envelope structure. For example, in Beijing, the heat lost through the external wall accounts for about 25% ~ 30% of the total heat loss. Therefore, the composite thermal insulation of external walls will be highly concerned, and thermal insulation materials have become an indispensable part of energy-saving composite walls. Internal insulation, middle insulation and external insulation can greatly improve the efficiency of insulation and solve the problems of thermal bridge and condensation, which will be welcomed.
In addition, aerated concrete has low bulk density, high porosity and low thermal conductivity. The 200 mm thick exterior wall built with aerated concrete blocks has the same thermal insulation effect as the 490 mm thick clay brick exterior wall. Aerated concrete can be used as both non-bearing wall and bearing wall. This unique thermal insulation and structural material makes it a green building material. It can be said that the rise of building energy saving makes aerated concrete one of the most potential wall materials.