At present, China's e-commerce is developing rapidly, and the professional vertical website model for a certain industry is developing strongly. The transaction volume of BtoB business market has risen sharply, and more and more traditional enterprises have started online transactions. With the development of e-commerce, higher requirements are put forward for the relatively backward logistics distribution in China. In particular, e-commerce is not limited by geography and time, and online shopping users are scattered. At the same time of BtoB, there are a lot of e-commerce activities in BtoC, which makes it difficult to form a centralized and large-scale commodity distribution flow, making logistics distribution more difficult and demanding. Therefore, logistics distribution is the weakest link in all aspects of e-commerce, and the backwardness of logistics distribution has become a bottleneck restricting the development of e-commerce.
In the practice of e-commerce in China, companies engaged in e-commerce mainly adopt the following three ways to solve the logistics distribution problem: first, establish their own distribution channels and facilities, and rely on their own capabilities to carry out distribution; The second is to entrust a professional logistics and distribution organization to complete the distribution of goods; The third is to cooperate with the original distribution network such as department stores, chain stores and postal express delivery to complete logistics distribution. The first way is suitable for large enterprises with strong strength, and I think this way is not suitable as the main development direction in China; The second way is more suitable for China's national conditions, and it can be further developed to independent third-party logistics, but at present, problems such as commodity distribution price with concentrated contradictions should be solved well; The third way combines e-commerce distribution with traditional logistics distribution, which is beneficial to the centralized utilization of logistics resources and the optimization of logistics distribution network and should be advocated and encouraged. This method can be further developed into supply chain management, but it needs to solve the problems of low information level and imperfect distribution channels and facilities in traditional enterprises.
Logistics distribution in the era of e-commerce must have the characteristics of informationization, automation, networking, intelligence and flexibility. Informatization is the inevitable requirement of e-commerce for logistics distribution; Automation is electromechanical integration based on informationization; Networking refers to the formation of a smooth network in information transmission and logistics distribution channels; Intelligentization is to control logistics and distribution operations with scientific means and scientific knowledge; Flexibility is to establish a user-centered concept and a flexible service-oriented distribution system. Specifically, the logistics distribution in the e-commerce era should do the following work:
1 improve the degree of informatization
The informatization of logistics distribution is manifested in the database and coding of logistics information collection, the electronization and computerization of logistics information processing, the standardization and real-time delivery of logistics information, and the digitization of logistics information storage. Therefore, advanced technologies and management strategies such as barcode technology, database technology, electronic ordering system (EOS), electronic data interchange (EDl), quick response (QR), effective customer response (ECR), radio frequency technology (RF), management information system (MIS) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) should be applied in China logistics distribution. Informatization is the foundation of all modern technologies and management means. Only by realizing the informationization of logistics distribution can we undertake the historical task entrusted to the logistics distribution industry by the era of e-commerce.
2 reduce the price of distribution services
Solving the contradiction between e-commerce companies and logistics distribution companies in the direction of distribution service prices requires the joint efforts of both parties. On the one hand, e-commerce enterprises should not only consider the click-through rate of websites and the number of orders, but also consider the distribution cost, and try to control the goods sold online within the distribution range determined by the agreement with logistics enterprises, and try to be relatively concentrated and form a scale. On the other hand, logistics and distribution enterprises should actively cooperate, participate in e-commerce as soon as possible, seize opportunities, strengthen management, increase revenue and reduce expenditure, and reduce logistics costs and distribution service prices. At the same time, we should establish a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with e-commerce companies as far as possible, which will help logistics enterprises to formulate long-term investment and service plans, accelerate the application of new logistics distribution technologies, increase the construction of distribution channels and facilities, and ultimately help accelerate the realization of informationization, automation, networking and intelligence of logistics distribution systems. In the long run, it will help to reduce the cost and price of logistics distribution continuously and steadily.
3. Establish a logistics service system centered on distribution.
Circulation is the product of the development of commodity market. With the large-scale and small-batch logistics distribution activities gradually replaced by small-scale and multi-batch, personalized and diversified market demand is occupying more and more market share, and distribution has become the central link and ultimate goal of logistics activities in the era of e-commerce. Therefore, a series of logistics activities around organization and distribution must show an active market mechanism. All departments and personnel of logistics enterprises should face distribution, market and customers. In addition, logistics enterprises should change the concept of single distribution, assist e-commerce enterprises to complete after-sales service and provide more value-added services, such as tracking product orders and providing sales statistics and reports. Only in this way can we keep up with the pace of e-commerce and not be eliminated by the market.
4 Re-integration of logistics resources
The urgency and diversity of e-commerce demand for commodity distribution provide internal motivation and external demand for integrating logistics resources in the system. Storage and transportation are the two pillars of logistics. Advanced inventory infrastructure and strong and flexible transportation capacity are the essential material basis for e-commerce distribution. To solve this problem, we should re-integrate the existing logistics resources such as warehousing and transportation while increasing investment. China's logistics resources belong to different departments and industries, so we should break the boundary between them, concentrate on operating logistics resources according to objective economic relations and market demand, and give full play to the role of existing resources. In this respect, we should also advocate and encourage the cross-departmental and cross-industry joint, competition and merger activities of logistics, warehousing and transportation enterprises, and build a number of powerful modern logistics distribution groups to ensure the smooth development of e-commerce and cope with the fierce market competition after foreign advanced logistics enterprises seize Chinese mainland and join the WTO.
To sum up, with the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics distribution is heating up rapidly, and the demand for logistics distribution in the domestic market is very strong, and logistics distribution is becoming a new economic growth point of the country. Faced with this situation, logistics distribution enterprises should not only do the above work well, but also dare to meet challenges, seize development opportunities, actively organize and participate in logistics activities in the process of supply chain management or develop into independent third-party logistics. The government should also formulate relevant laws and policies to change the current situation of non-uniform, uncoordinated and unclear management of logistics distribution by multiple departments, break the monopoly of the industry and strengthen macro-control of the logistics distribution market. We can consider establishing a national authoritative logistics management organization to plan and manage the logistics distribution industry and related markets, enhance the unity and integrity of the logistics distribution industry, and ensure the healthy development of China's entire national economy while ensuring and promoting the development of e-commerce.