Say to yourself:
"I take heaven and earth as the building and the room as the clothes. Why did you come into my house? " The "Bada" in the Western Jin Dynasty was good.
Exaggerate this trip to shock the world.
(Xie Kun and other eight people distributed bare ribbons.
Shut up and drink for a few days.
Take off your clothes outside Guangyi Gate and expose yourself to dogs.
The cry of peeping in the cave is entering.
)
In the eyes of Wei and Jin scholars, wine is not only a tool to eat, drink and be merry in time, but also can bring people into the body, materialize and materialize.
My lofty realm.
Wine makes people forget the gains and losses,
If you're floating,
Realize life and self in drunkenness
Aesthetics.
Ruan Ji,
Tao Yuanming and others.
In addition,
Drink or escape from reality,
The way to save lives.
Ruan Ji avoided disaster,
There are many reasons in the world, so it has nothing to do with the world, so drinking is common.
The era of freedom of thought, the era of self-awareness and the era of cultural integration.
Second, the characteristics of literature in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties:
Literary consciousness
The decline of Confucianism liberated literature from the dependency of Confucian classics and the concept of understanding Confucian classics.
The prevalence of metaphysics
(advocating nature,
Make public personality,
Pursuing artistic life)
Enhance the consciousness of literature.
Displayed as:
1
、
Attach importance to literature
(xelloss:
"Covering an article is a great cause of the country and an immortal event."
)
; Distinguish literature from other literature.
Academic (Song Wendi established Confucianism, metaphysics, history and literature as academic officials)
; The prosperity of literary theory (Cao Pi
classical theory
thesis
、
Luji
Wenfu
、
Liu Xie —— A famous literary critic in ancient China.
Wenxindiaolong
、
Zhong Rong
poetic sentiment
、
Xiao Yi
Jinlouzi
stand
Words "
Wait,
Distinguish styles,
Explore the essence of literature,
The law of creation,
Appreciation, etc. )
Compilation of literary works
(
writing
Select "
Xin Yu tai song
)
2
、
Literary groups are active and literary families appear.
Jian 'an Literature Group, Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest and Jamie's "Twenty-four Friends of Articles"
Xie Wang family, king of Qi Jingling, Jingling
Eight friends "
Xiao Tong, Prince Liang Zhaoming and the court literary groups around Xiao Gang in Jian Wendi.
three
、
Pursuing beauty and new changes
Explore immortals, mysterious words, pastoral areas, landscapes, palaces, frontier fortress, etc.
theme
; Pay attention to strong lyricism and will.
"Wandering in sorrow"
As the essential attribute of literature, "emotional spiritual fluctuation"
(
Poetry is beautiful because of emotion.
)
Wait a minute.
Evolution, five words
Prevalence, seven-character song, seven ancient times, legal style, quatrains forming; seek
rhetoric
Keywords gorgeous, seaweed decoration, parallel couple, temperament,
Allusions are widely used.
four
、
The combination of literature and philosophy: Metaphysical poetry is popular.
100
Many years.
five
、
The rise of parallel prose and parallel prose led to the emergence of novels.
The colorful literary world is cultivated by the self-awakening of individual personality spirit. This is a classic of the Han Dynasty.
Unimaginable in an era of strict control,
All kinds of emotions can be seen here.
This brings a variety of themes and styles.
Colors: landscapes, pastoral areas, immortals, speeches, giving answers, chanting history, public banquets, mourning, seclusion, sightseeing, chanting,
five
Tourism, military, suburban temples and palaces are all available. Magnificent, bold, vigorous, fresh, elegant and sad,
Euphemism, implication, delicacy, naturalness and vulgarity.
Attachment: The scope of artistic appreciation of Confucianism and Taoism is narrow and wide.
No: Confucianism is serious and formal, pursuing the unity of morality and art and the unity of beauty, goodness and harmony. Taoism is free and romantic, seeking nature and harmony.
The unity of art,
The combination of beauty and truth.
Due to the influence of Zhuangzi's life spirit and artistic spirit, this generation of literati has been endowed with
Have a free and broad mind and have a new understanding of life.
Literature is characterized by spiritual liberation,
Aesthetic photograph
Only when the objects are diversified will the aesthetic tendency of pure art appear-conscious literature.
Negative influence: in the consciousness of individual life, there are both the need to meet the inner spirit and the enjoyment.
The color of lust
Laozi and Zhuangzi attach importance to spirit,
Light material desires,
Quiet and indifferent,
But at the moment, I'm asking about Zhuangzi's nature.
Eliminate remote,
While understanding the spirit,
Don't give up the satisfaction and happiness of material desires.
Advocate satisfying people's desires.
So the literature of this period
There are often rich and gorgeous scenes and frivolous and beautiful atmosphere, and the ultimate is the proliferation of Liang Chengong's style poems.
Third, the development of literature in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
1
、
poetic sentiment
Jian 'an literature (
196
-
240
)
: Three Caos and Seven Sons, Cai Yan, generous and sad.
Zhengshi literature (
240
-
248
)
Seven sages of bamboo forest are clear and profound.
Taikang literature in the western Jin dynasty (
280
-
289
)
: three, two Lu, two Pan, one left, taking complexity as the wind.
On the occasion of Jin Dynasty: Liu Kun and Guo Pu's Poems of Wandering Immortals
Metaphysical Poetry and Tao Yuanming's Pastoral Poetry.
Song Dynasty: Xie Lingyun's Landscape Poems and Bao Zhao's Seven-character Yuefu
Qi Yongming's Literature: Yongming Style, Shen Yue, Wang Rong, Xie Tiao, etc. , pay attention to meter, from ancient poetry to modern poetry changes.
Chen Liang: Palace-style poetry, drifting away.
2
、
Folk songs in the Southern and Northern Dynasties: A Collection of Yuefu Institutions in the Southern Dynasties
Folk songs in the Southern Dynasties: martial arts students and operas with the theme of love between men and women, beautiful and touching.
Xizhouqu
Folk songs in the Northern Dynasties: They have a wide range of contents, including scenery in the northern region, nomadic life, wandering sadness, suffering from corvee self-imposed and love.
Style: simple and vigorous.
Mulan Poem
There are five or seven quatrains in the folk songs of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
three
、
Ci Fu, Parallel Prose and Prose in Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties
Literary forms like Fu.
Compared with Han Fu, Ci Fu in Wei and Jin Dynasties has larger theme, shorter space and stronger lyricism. Cao Zhi is the leader of Cao Wei.
six
An Ode to the Goddess of Luo
, RoyceWong's "Climbing the stairs" as the representative. Pan Yue's Mourning Fu in the Western Jin Dynasty
(winning with emotion)
Land machine
Wenfu
(referred to as lovers) as the representative. Zuo Si's Sandu Fu is a unique novel of Wei and Zhu, which was once famous for a time.
Luoyang paper is expensive. In addition, the extroverted show "Thinking of Old Fu" is a lyric masterpiece. Tao Yuanming's Returning Poems in Eastern Jin Dynasty
、
leisure
Fu; Feed unit
、
"A Literati's Sense of Misfortune" is famous. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the trend of literary parallel prose became stronger and stronger, and it was also influenced by the eternal romantic trend.
Pay attention to the influence of temperament, and parallel prose appears Long Fu is mainly short stories, represented by Yu Xin's Jiangnan Fu.
This issue is dedicated to deliberate carving and allusions.
Have made great achievements in language skills,
But most of the content is empty,
The style is not high
essay
: Cao Cao's decrees in Jian 'an period (such as "seeking the virtuous")
) Openness and sincerity are unique; Cao Pi and Cao Zhishu
Zagreb is swaying and full of literary talent; Among the seven sons of Jian 'an, Chen Lin, Ruan Yu and others are good at writing, and they often use parallel prose.
And allusions. The expression process from clear words and clear will to increasingly complex seaweed indicates the development of American literature since then.
Parallel prose:
The literature of that southern dynasty has been develope along the trend of pursuing novelty and beauty since Wei and Jin dynasty,
This article tends to be parallel.
magnum opus
There is Bao Zhao
Climbing Lei 'an and Sister's Book
、
Qiu Chi
Chen Bozhi's book.
、
Wu Jun
A letter to Zhu
Imitate things, express feelings,
Full of emotion and rhythm; Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long is quite literary by analyzing parallel prose. Ye Fan's Book of the Later Han Dynasty is based on.
The representative of parallel prose in history.
four
、
Korean literature (
3 18
-
589
)
Northern literature was lonely during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, and the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North (
439
)
Emperor xiaowen moved the capital.
Luoyang,
Implement the policy of China,
Northern literature began to improve.
Represents the highest creative achievement of northern indigenous literati.
Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics and Yang Xuanzhi's Notes on Luoyang and Galand.
. Generally speaking, the literary and artistic attainments of the Northern Dynasties cannot be compared with them.
The Southern Dynasties competed for supremacy, and his works mostly imitated the Southern Dynasties. Simple and practical style.
(
Introduction to Sui Shu Literature
: ginger
Zuogong merchants get more and more expensive; He Shuo means sincere and firm, more important than temperament. Temperament is better than words, and elegance is literature.
Beyond its meaning. Profound and convenient to use when needed, cultured and suitable for singing.
)
In the late Northern and Southern Dynasties, many famous southern literati flowed into the north, especially Wang Bo and Yu Xin. Jienan
The long style of writing in the north has set a precedent for later literature.
five
、
Novel:
The beginning of China's novel history
Record or write about weird things.
Influenced by folk witchcraft and Buddhism, it flourished for a while. Record strange legends as facts. Jin gan Bao "search
God's record
The invention of Shinto is not fake. There are many beautiful folklore and works full of artistic interest.
Zhiren
: Record historical facts for people to ponder. Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu in Song Dynasty
Dedicated to the elites from the late Han Dynasty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Words and deeds, mental outlook, are the products of Wei and Jin Dynasties.
It had a great influence on later novels and operas.