Author's brief introduction Tao Xingzhi (189 1 ~ 1946), a native of Shexian county, Anhui province, is a famous educational thinker and practitioner in modern China. He studied in the United States in his early years. After returning to China, he devoted himself to the educational reform in China and explored a new way of people's education in China. He has rich educational thoughts and practical experience. His educational theory centered on "life is education", "integration of teaching and learning" and "society is school" is a monument in the history of China's educational thought and a well-known educator in China.
After the May 4th Movement, he engaged in mass education and founded Xiaozhuang Normal School. 1July, 934, it was officially announced that "Zhihu" was renamed as "Zhihu". With a childlike innocence, Tao Xingzhi made indelible contributions to the people's education and the struggle for national liberation and democracy in China. He wrote a lot in his life and elaborated accurately. He is a "generation giant" in the history of modern education in China.
Writing background This article was written in 1943. Mr. Tao Xingzhi denied the wrong view of "can't create" and put forward the view that "everywhere is a place to create, every day is a time to create, and everyone is a creator", encouraging everyone to create anytime and anywhere.
The title "Declaration" means a kind of speech. Since it is a speech, it should have the characteristics of a speech-beautiful words, full of emotion, vivid reasoning and powerful motivation.
Pronunciation worship (chóng)? Scar (hén)? Slander (zhòng)? Statue? Dodge (dü n)? Silent (y m)? Lu blunt (dùn)? Give up on yourself (gas)? Despair (tóu)? Xuanzang (zàng)? Coward (nu)? Eaves (yán)? Woodcutter (qiáo)? Huan Yan？ Burst (dǒu)? Chimney (c not c not ng)? Reproductive (zhí)? Guàn lazy l m: n? stop
Defamation: framing or maliciously spreading rumors with the aim of damaging people's reputation.
Dodge: refers to the words used to prevaricate when the argument is not good or the true meaning is unwilling to be revealed.
Lu bluntly said: stupid and insensitive.
Orthodoxy: it is the saying of Confucian missionary system.
Coward: A weak and inactive person.
Despair: there is no way out, very desperate. Metaphor situation is extremely difficult, can't find a way out. Actor: defect.
Rebellion from relatives: everyone opposes and relatives deviate. Describe complete isolation. Rebellion: betrayal; Leave? : leave.
Overall perception 1. How do you feel after reading the whole article? What is the material involved in the article?
Many people? Things and many classic sentences.
The materials in this paper are taken from all over the world, involving pictures, sculpture, literature, music, mathematics, physics, geography and other fields.
2. This article is a refuting paper. What kinds of wrong views does the author mainly refute?
In the article, the author made a tit-for-tat refutation around five excuses of "can't create". These five wrong views are: ① the environment is too ordinary; ② Life is too monotonous; ③ Too young; 4 too incompetent; ⑤ at the end of one's tether, cornered, cornered? , just waiting to die.
3. How does the author refute the wrong view?
The author mainly refutes it with typical examples and famous aphorisms. In other words, this paper mainly adopts two argumentation methods: example argumentation and quotation argumentation.
4. Is there a positive view of the author in the article? If so, what is it?
After refuting the five wrong views, the author directly put forward the view that "everywhere is a place for creation, every day is a time for creation, and everyone is a creative person" to encourage people to create.
5. The article is entitled "Creation Announcement? Words ",then what is the author's declaration?
At the end of the article, the author said with passion: "As long as there is a drop of sweat, a drop of blood and a drop of enthusiasm, that is the palace where the God of Creation loves to live, it can blossom, bear the fruit of creation and breed the forest of creation."
Grade division 6. What is the hierarchical structure of this article?
The first part (1 ~ 3): Talking about the stone statues made by artists, it leads to that the creation of educators is different from the first two, "We want to create the living who are true, good and beautiful".
The second part (4 ~ 10? ): The author lists five wrong views of "can't create" and refutes them with a series of irrefutable examples, thus establishing the view that "everyone is a creator".
The third part (1 1 ~ 15): Take the story of the woodcutter in Dongshan as a metaphor to illustrate the tragic end of losing creativity.
The fourth part (16): The author issued a creative declaration in the form of parallelism.
Explore 1. What are the people and things involved in the first part? What does the author think is the greatest success of education?
The artist (Rodin) worships his own creation while building stone statues; The author believes that the greatest success of education is that students and teachers combine to create living people worthy of mutual worship.
2. Who and what is involved in Part II? What five wrong views of "can't create" have been criticized in this paper? What is the author's conclusion?
Zhu Da, a man from Badashan Mountain, painted only a few strokes and became a valuable masterpiece. French entrepreneur Reseb can build the Suez Canal in the desert. Huineng can't read. It is said that he is an illiterate woodcutter. Occasionally listening to lectures, I had an epiphany on Buddhism. What happened afterwards? Become a pioneer of Zen Nanzong; After all, Xuanzang didn't achieve Buddhist scriptures until he met the 81 ST difficulty.
The author refutes five wrong views with these examples: ① the environment is average; ② Life is monotonous; ③ Too young; 4 too incompetent; ⑤ In a desperate situation.
Conclusion: It shows that creation is needed everywhere, and there are opportunities to create every day, and everyone can create.
3. "The statue of the living is a little different from that of marble. If the knife method is not used properly, all images can be destroyed at the same time. The knife method is used correctly, which is the finishing touch. " What metaphors are used here? How to understand this sentence?
"Knife method" is a figurative educational method. "Vientiane" is a metaphor for many educational objects. The metaphor of "making the finishing point" makes many educational objects become talents.
Improper educational methods may destroy many educatees, while proper educational methods can make many educatees useful.
4. What is the story of the woodcutter in Dongshan? (Look at the story quickly, and then ask the students to repeat it) Do you think the woodcutter in Dongshan is cute? What does this story tell us? Who else does this role remind you of?
The woodcutter in Dongshan took the thatch and saplings of Mount Tai home together and burned it to make a fire. Take the story of Dongshan woodcutter as a metaphor to illustrate the tragic end of losing creativity. I thought of the silly old man who is creative by comparison.
5. From the text, we can see what the author feels. Which sentences clearly show the author's feelings?
The author is eager to create and urgently calls: "God of creation! Come back! As long as you are willing to come back, we are willing to give you everything-our sweat, our blood, our heart and our life. As long as there is a drop of sweat, a drop of blood and a drop of enthusiasm, it is the palace that the god of creation loves to live in, and it can bloom the flowers of creation, bear the fruits of creation and breed the forest of creation. "
Tao Xingzhi proved with vivid examples that creation is a powerful driving force for human development. Lazy and mediocre people disdain to create, but they also find various excuses for themselves. Mr. Wang warned us in the tone of an educator: "everywhere is a place of creation, every day is a time of creation, and everyone is a creator." Let's take at least two steps back and go to the road of creation. "