The author of this article (Luo Xiao), please respect the author's copyright when reading this article. Abstract: In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the enrollment scale of colleges and universities in China, the number of graduates has increased year by year, and the traditional employment channels have shrunk due to the adjustment of the national economic structure. "White-collar" jobs are increasingly becoming "scarce resources". The number of college students who can't find their ideal jobs for a period of time after graduation is increasing year by year. This paper tries to analyze the reasons of college students' employment difficulties from three aspects: society, universities and college students themselves, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures, hoping to help solve the problem. [Keywords:] Countermeasures for College Students' Employment [Date of Receipt] 201February 10 At present, China is in the primary stage of building a socialist market economy, and the level of economic development is still low. The huge population pressure in China makes the employment situation of the whole society grim. At present, the employment situation of college graduates is naturally influenced by the whole social atmosphere. Moreover, universities have been expanding their enrollment in recent years, and China's higher education is in the process of "popularization". Therefore, the employment situation of college students is not optimistic. The employment of college students has become the focus of the whole society, especially college students. 1. Analysis of the grim employment situation of college students (1) Social environment 1. Economic reasons (1) Employment situation in economic transition period. China is in the period of economic transformation, and the newly-added labor force in urban and rural areas, laid-off workers and rural surplus labor force are the three major factors that affect full employment. The increase of overall employment pressure will inevitably directly affect the employment of college graduates. (2) The economic development is unbalanced. The unbalanced development of regional economy directly leads to the employment orientation of graduates pointing to developed areas, especially big cities. The absorptive capacity of big cities is obviously insufficient compared with the number of graduates trying to stay in big cities. The imbalance of industrial development is mainly due to the insufficient development of the tertiary industry, which limits the increase of employment opportunities. 2. Social reasons (1) dual social structure. The dual social structure has brought some illusions to the employment problem of college students. There are about two-thirds of the rural population in China, and they are excluded from the city to some extent. Almost all college students in China are employed in cities. From this perspective, the proportion of urban employees in China who have received higher education should be about twice as high as the calculated average. In this case, it will certainly be difficult for college students to find a job. (2) Strict household registration management system. Hukou is a management tool of planned economy. In reality, it still plays an important role and sometimes even plays a decisive role. Regarding the source of students, the restriction of household registration sets a high threshold for college students' free employment. (3) The social security system is not perfect. The imperfect social security system is another important reason why it is difficult for graduates to flow normally. Judging from the current national social security system, the social security system basically covers the urban population, while the rural population is almost completely excluded. It is not without reason that college graduates try to avoid the countryside when choosing jobs. (2) Institutional reasons 1. The uneven geographical distribution of colleges and universities has seriously affected the even distribution of employment location selection. The survey shows that more than two-thirds of college graduates want to stay in coastal cities for employment. Foreign research shows that about 60% college graduates will choose to find their first job in the school, and this phenomenon is more obvious in China. 2. There are some problems in the school-running concept and vocational guidance of higher education, which also leads to the "employment difficulty" of graduates. Although a series of reforms have been carried out in higher education since the reform and opening up, at present, higher education still does not focus on improving employment rate in school-running philosophy and specialty setting. Colleges and universities still follow the idea of planned economy, paying more attention to enrollment than employment, the employment guidance institutions are not perfect, and the employment guidance work needs to be improved. (3) Reasons for college graduates 1. Passive waiting has a strong dependence. In the process of employment, some college students lack the consciousness of active participation and competition, confidence and courage, and are worried about the employment opportunities provided by society. They can't actively show themselves to employers, sell themselves and win the competition by their own efforts, but place their hopes on schools and families, or wait for arrangements between schools and places, or rely on the relationship between parents. It is understandable that college graduates pay too much attention to career stability when choosing jobs. However, most graduates regard career stability as absolute, regard it as the only criterion for choosing a job, and put it in the supreme position, excluding any risky career from the scope of choice, which has caused various regrets of some college students. 3. Yearning for developed regions and hot industries, employment industries and regions have "preferences" and lack entrepreneurial spirit. Due to the unbalanced economic development in China, the gap between the east and the west and between the north and the south is obvious, which also directly affects the employment tendency of college students. The survey shows that 70.7% of college graduates choose developed areas, and only 29.3% are willing to go to backward areas. In the employment industry, college students generally yearn for large enterprises and state organs that are already "overcrowded" and are not interested in large-capacity service industries, grassroots, collective economy and private economy. Form employment preferences for foreign-funded enterprises, large state-owned enterprises and other industries. This kind of psychology will inevitably lead to the problem of urban employment and the unreasonable distribution pattern of talents. 4. Pay too much attention to your own brand, and pursue "the right door". In famous universities, many graduates consider that they are from a famous family and have a very famous brand, and they should also find a decent job when they apply for a job, so as not to hit people when they are down. Therefore, many famous university graduates will persistently pursue high-paying or high-profile units, but often turn a deaf ear to general job opportunities. It is for this reason that they missed the opportunity and finally couldn't find a suitable job. Second, the countermeasures to solve the "employment difficulties" of college students (1) What can society do 1. Promote sustainable economic development and provide enough employment opportunities. The employment situation is always affected by the economic development cycle. Only the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy can fundamentally provide sufficient employment opportunities for college students. From the government's point of view, it is necessary to strengthen macro-control: (1) maintain sustained economic growth and ensure a certain scale of new employment opportunities. (2) Adjust the economic structure and vigorously develop the tertiary industry. (3) Promote the development of private economy. Private economy is mostly small and medium-sized enterprises, with a large number and flexible system, which plays an irreplaceable role in solving the employment difficulties of college students. 2. Market-oriented, do a good job in the production and marketing of "talent products". As the ultimate "product" of colleges and universities, the employment rate and employment level of college graduates is a sign to measure the success of a school. Therefore, colleges and universities should establish a market concept, strengthen market awareness, take the market as the guide, do a good job in the whole process from "raw materials" to "products", make "production and sales" right, and improve the employment rate. This requires: (1) to strengthen market research and do a good job in talent prediction. (2) according to the requirements of the employer, strengthen innovation education and cultivate innovation ability. (3) Establish a socialized service system for college graduates and hold regular vocational skills training according to market demand. The purpose of "production" is "sales". Colleges and universities should have a sense of market competition, attach importance to the packaging and sales of "products", expand their visibility and improve their reputation, so as to improve the employment rate. 3. Accelerate the construction and improvement of the social security system. In the process of improving the social security system, we will gradually expand the coverage of unemployment insurance, gradually expand unemployment insurance to all types of enterprises and individual operators, develop social assistance for unemployed people, and provide help to some newly-added laborers. Establish a legal system of social security, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, and protect the interests of graduates by legal means. (2) What can college students do 1. Face up to the reality, adjust the mentality, enhance the sense of crisis and the ability to digest setbacks. With the advent of the information society, the competition is becoming more and more fierce. To avoid failure, we must establish a strong sense of crisis and enhance our ability to cope with setbacks in the job market. Especially when the scale of college graduates is greatly increased, the requirements of employers are improved, and employment opportunities are limited, there is no ability to actively adapt to competition without a sense of crisis; Without the ability to cope with setbacks, you may be devastated and lose confidence in the cruel competition. 2. Establish a reasonable knowledge structure to improve their comprehensive quality and value-added potential. University study should not only attach importance to mastering professional knowledge, but also establish correct ideas and strengthen the cultivation of comprehensive quality. University education is a professional education, not a vocational education. Higher education majors should not be set too narrowly, and college students should not pay too much attention to majors. During the period of studying in school, it is important to learn to adapt to the environment, enhance one's adaptability and improve one's comprehensive quality, so as to keep constant and adapt to all changes. Now employers pay more attention to the comprehensive quality and ability of job seekers. The higher the comprehensive quality and ability, the stronger the value-added ability. In the promotion of comprehensive quality, what needs to be emphasized is interpersonal skills. For college students who live on campus, especially job seekers who are about to enter the society, interpersonal skills are very important. It is also an indispensable part of college life to actively integrate into the collective and adapt to the normal communication on campus. Don't lose yourself in the job market and avoid conceit and inferiority. College students should get rid of the illusory identity of "favored by heaven" and position themselves accurately. The self-confidence of "favored by heaven" should be based on personal intelligence, not on the identity of college students. With the development of society and the popularization of higher education, college students are just an ordinary group. Genius is in the minority after all. For most people, it is wise to adjust their mentality, put down their airs, face the reality and seek a reasonable starting point. For college graduates with inferiority complex, we should say: Please believe in yourself, the stage is as big as your heart. If you try bravely, you will have another chance. If you dare not take the first step, you have no chance to go further. Remember, whether a balloon can rise is not because of its color and shape, but because it is full of hydrogen; A person's success or failure is not due to race or birth, but whether you have confidence in yourself. Three. Conclusion Generally speaking, economic development is a long process, and the existing systems and rules in the social system will not change in a short time. The problems existing in the concept of running a university, specialty setting and career guidance cannot be solved overnight, and the change of the behavior orientation of employers and college students also needs sufficient interest influence. Therefore, in the foreseeable future, the employment situation of college students will remain grim. It can be predicted that in the future, the number of people concerned may be more than three or four million, but we believe in one sentence-"the method is always more difficult than it is."