Fan Zhongyan's "civil and military integrity" and "whimsy" all talk about the security of the country and the importance of the times.

He improved some military systems and strategic measures to make the western border defense stable for a long time; Although the political reform in Li Qing led by him was only implemented for one year, it started the trend of political reform in the Northern Song Dynasty and became the prelude of Wang Anshi's "Xining Political Reform". Even when he was a local official, he devoted himself to it.

His thought of "worrying about the world first" and the integrity of people with lofty ideals have set a new benchmark for the enterprising spirit in Confucianism and are brilliant spiritual wealth in the history of Chinese civilization. Today, the remains of Fan Zhongyan in various places have been protected and commemorated by people.

2. Yue Fei

Yue Fei, a famous anti-gold star and national hero in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was young, his mother and backstab "faithfully served the country" became the commemoration of his life. He led Yue Jiajun to fight Jin Jun hundreds of times in his life and was invincible. Jin people circulated the lament that "it is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue family army". He cares about the country and loves the people, and his army has strict discipline. Hungry does not disturb the people, freezing to death does not enter the house. He is loved by the people.

3. Wen Tianxiang

Wen Tianxiang called down archers to Zhou Xun and stationed them in Nanling. Li He conspired to surrender secretly, was caught and killed. In March of the third year of Jingyan (1278), Wen Tianxiang entered Lijiang Pu. In June, I entered the boat bay. King Iraq died and Wang Wei succeeded him.

Wen Tianxiang blamed himself and requested to enter the DPRK, but was not allowed. In August, Wen Tianxiang was named Shao Bao and Xin Guogong. The plague spread again in the army and hundreds of soldiers died. Wen Tianxiang's only son and mother are dead.

1 1 month, entering Chaoyang county. Chen Yi and Liu Xing, the thieves of Chaozhou, rebelled against impermanence many times, which was a great harm to Chaoyang people. Wen Tianxiang drove Chen Yi away, caught Liu Xing and killed him. /kloc-in 0/2 months, they rushed to Nanling, and Zou Yun and Liu Zijun came from Jiangxi to attack Chen Yi's henchmen again. Chen Yi then secretly colluded with Zhang Hongfan to help and guide the Yuan Army to attack Chaoyang.

Wen Tianxiang was eating at Wupo Ridge when suddenly Zhang Hongfan's army appeared. All the soldiers were caught off guard and hid in the weeds. Wen Tianxiang fled in a hurry and was caught by thousands of kings of Yuan Army. Wen Tianxiang swallowed his brain (that is, borneol) and didn't die. Zou Yi cut his neck, and all the soldiers helped him to Nanling before he died.

At that time, Liu Zijun, Chen, Xiao Mingzhe and Xiao Zi died, Du Hu was caught and died of grief. Only Zhao escaped, while Zhang Tang, Xiong Gui, Wu and Chen Ziquan were captured alive and executed.

Wen Tianxiang was taken to Chaoyang, and when he met Zhang Hongfan, officials around him ordered him to bow down, but he didn't. Zhang Hongfan received him as a guest, followed him into the mountains, and asked him to write to Zhang Shijie. Wen Tianxiang said: "I can't defend my parents and teach others to betray their parents?"

Because I was forced to ask for letters many times, I wrote a poem "Crossing the Ocean of Zero Ding" for them. The last sentence of this poem says: "No one has died since ancient times. Take the heart of Dan and follow the history of history." Zhang Hongfan put it away with a smile. Zhang Hongfan said, "The loyalty and filial piety of the Prime Minister have been exhausted. If you can change your attitude and serve the Great Yuan Emperor as you served the Song Dynasty, you will not lose your position as prime minister. "

Wen Tianxiang said tearfully, "The country is doomed. As a courtier, death is not just a crime. How dare you drag out an ignoble existence with two hearts? " Zhang Hongfan felt his righteousness and sent someone to escort Wen Tianxiang to Beijing.

4. Zheng Chenggong

After the collapse of the Longwu regime, Zheng Chenggong avoided Kinmen, and then began to recruit troops in various coastal areas, incorporated Zheng Zhilong's former headquarters, and even raised thousands of troops in South Australia. 1647 (the fourth year of Qing Shunzhi, the first year of Li Yong) In January, Zheng Chenggong swore an oath against Qing Dynasty in Xiaojinmen (now Liyu Township, kinmen county) in the name of "loyalty and filial piety".

1647 (the fourth year of Qing Shunzhi, the first year of Li Yong) In July, Zheng Chenggong and Cai Zheng's army attacked Haicheng and failed; In August, Zheng Chenggong again encircled Quanzhou Fucheng with Zheng Hongkui Department, and Wang Jin, the deputy commander of Zhangzhou of the Qing army, led the troops to reinforce, and Zheng Jun was defeated.

1648 (five years of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty and two years of Li Yong), Lu Ruoteng, governor of Nanming Zhejiang, and others came back. After Zheng Chenggong accumulated his strength, he attacked again and conquered Tongan County. In May, Zheng Jun besieged Quanzhou; In July, Chen Tai, the general of Jingnan in the Qing Dynasty, Jin Chen, the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian, and Zhao Guozhuo, the magistrate of Fujian, turned to Tongan, and Zheng Jun was defeated, resulting in numerous casualties among commanders and soldiers.

Soon, the Qing army reinforcements arrived in Quanzhou, and Zheng Chenggong lifted the siege of Quanzhou and returned to the sea. In the same year, Jin Shenghuan and Wang Deren, the general commanders of Jiangxi in the Qing Dynasty, set out to fight against the Qing Dynasty in Jiangxi, and Li Chengdong, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the Qing Dynasty, also invested in the Li Yong regime, which made the momentum of fighting against the Qing Dynasty and regaining sight soar for a while. Unfortunately, most of the anti-Qing forces have become local struggles without tacit understanding and fragmented.

Soon after, the Qing court suppressed the forces of Jin Shenghuan and Wang Deren in Jiangxi. The following year, the Li Chengdong army in Guangdong also perished (1649).

1649 (six years and three years of Qing Shunzhi), Zheng Chenggong changed Li Yong to Zhengshuo; Li Yong named him "King of Yanping" (King of County), and from then on some people called him "Zheng Yanping".

5. Qu Yuan

In the 19th year of Zhou Nanwang (296 BC), Chu Huaiwang died in the State of Qin, which sent his body back to the State of Chu for burial. So the ministers thought Qin was unjust. Qin and Chu broke up. Qu Yuan was dismissed as a doctor in San Lv and exiled to Jiangnan. He started from Du Ying, went to Ezhu first, and then entered Dongting.

In the twentieth year of Zhou Nanwang (the first 295 years), Qu Yuan went to Changsha, where he enjoyed the mountains and rivers of Changsha and became deeply attached to this country.

In the twenty-second year of Zhou Nanwang (293 BC), in the sixth year of Chu Qing, the State of Qin sent Tian Lei to Iraq to attack South Korea, which won a great victory and beheaded 240,000 people. The State of Qin sent a letter to the King of Chu, saying, "The State of Chu has betrayed the State of Qin, and the State of Qin is ready to lead the vassals to crusade against the State of Chu and decide the outcome. I hope you will rectify your foot soldiers and have a good fight. "

The king of Chu did not forget his desire to rebel, pointing out that he ended up in a foreign country because "his so-called loyal ministers were unfaithful, while his so-called sages were heartless."

From the 21st year of Zhou Nanwang (294 BC) to the 36th year of Zhou Nanwang (279 BC), Qu Yuan was exiled to a remote area in the south for the second time.

According to the analysis of "Nine Chapters of Mourning", the route of this exile starts from Ying Du (jiangling county, Hubei Province), flows downstream to the southeast first, passes through Xiashou (southeast of Shashi, Hubei Province), looks at Longmen (Du Yingdong Gate), enters the Yangtze River through Dongting Lake, then leaves Xiapu (Hankou, Hubei Province) and finally reaches Lingyang (it is said that

It lasted 16 years, during which a large number of excellent literary works were created, such as Nine Chapters and Return from the Past.

In order to realize the great cause of rejuvenating the State of Chu, Qu Yuan actively assisted in the reform to strengthen the country, and insisted on uniting with Qi to resist Qin, making the State of Chu once rich and strong. Although he was exiled, he still cared about his country.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Fan Zhongyan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zheng Chenggong

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yue Fei

Baidu Encyclopedia-Qu Yuan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wen Tianxiang