I. Contents of the questionnaire
1, the design of the problem
The following principles should be followed:
(1) Don't ask if you can.
The time for filling in is limited, so we should get the most research information through the least questions.
(2) Don't ask questions irrelevant to the research purpose.
Questionnaires serve the purpose of research and cannot put the cart before the horse.
(3) Creative design problems
Questionnaire is to decompose the research purpose at the micro level through specific questions.
(4) Design the structure step by step.
Research colleagues should discuss purposefully, make clear the final discussion results, and put them on record, that is, form a kind of "research knowledge" at a large level: what aspects should be involved in the research. According to the research level discussed, the questionnaire is designed in different levels, and then presented in blocks.
2. Option design
Change the research purpose creatively. Variability refers to specific and purposeful options, and the basic principle of option design for A, B, C … is GAI.
Second, the questionnaire form
The questionnaire consists of six parts: title, introduction, basic information, main content, conclusion and whole. The following are introduced one by one:
1, questionnaire title
Follow the principle of "clarity+conciseness".
Step 2 introduce
The introduction is mainly used to explain the purpose, significance and main contents of the questionnaire, and introduce the identity of the investigation institution or investigator (preferably stamped). In addition, it is also necessary to explain the respondents' selection method and the confidentiality measures for the questionnaire survey results, and some also explain the methods and requirements for filling in the answers, that is, the instructions are generally marked in bold or bold. Then thank you and sign it.
Several types of instructions:
(1) Limit the answer range.
For example, you can only choose one answer, you can choose multiple answers, if you don't choose, you won't choose, you can only choose three answers, and you can choose at most two answers.
(2) Guide the answering method
For example, a questionnaire set eight answers to "What are your mate selection conditions", followed by the instruction "Please rank them in order of importance".
(3) Guide the answering process
For interdependent questions in the questionnaire, respondents are generally instructed to jump to answer. For example, "Answer 1, please continue to answer. If the answer is 2, please skip to the question 14 ".
(4) explain or explain the main points and overall meaning
All the places in the questionnaire that may make the respondents unclear or difficult to understand should be given some guidance. How many rooms are there in your home? _ _ _ _ rooms (when calculating the number of rooms, the kitchen should be included, but the bathroom and toilet should not be included).
3. Basic information
(1) Fill in information
Generally speaking, it must include: gender, age/grade, occupation/major; Others depend on the purpose of the study.
(2) Research information
It includes three parts: researchers, investigation time and investigation place.
4. Main contents
(1) Formal requirements: the typesetting is neat, there are no typos, and there are no options sorting errors.
(2) From the formal point of view, there are two kinds of problems: opening and closing.
Open-ended questions: When researchers don't know enough about this question, they can't list complete options, or respondents' answers are expected to show more complicated differences; Or when researchers want respondents to express their opinions freely and obtain qualitative materials, they can be designed as open-ended questions. The advantage is that the information obtained is rich and in-depth, but the disadvantage is that the respondents need to have certain written expression ability, which is time-consuming and difficult to analyze statistically.
Closed-ended questions: For specific questions, the range of answers is relatively clear, and it is easy to list all possible answers according to certain classification criteria, which can be designed as closed-ended questions. The advantages are high efficiency, time and labor saving, high standardization of the obtained data and easy sorting and analysis. The disadvantage is that the content is relatively rigid.
(3) Supplement: the design of multiple-choice questions.
Principle 1: Exhauste all alternatives. When designing multiple options, all the different factors must be listed.
Principle 2: Options must be mutually exclusive. Mutually exclusive means that different options cannot overlap or contain each other.
5. Conclusion
Mainly thanks, thanks, greetings, seasonal concerns, etc. It can be used, and sometimes some precautions are added, such as "If there is anything missing, please check it".
If you want to do a follow-up survey, you should set it at the end. Reason: reduce the alertness of the filling person. First of all, as an investigator, you should disclose your contact information, and then ask the other party to leave other people's information, such as WeChat, QQ, email, Weibo, telephone, etc.
6, the whole
(1) A page number should be inserted in the questionnaire, in the format of "* * * pages, which page" (if necessary, write the word "later" to prompt the filler to answer the following questions);
(2) At the top of the questionnaire, it is best to fill in "* * * how many copies, which one" (convenient for subsequent data entry and inspection).
Third, the questionnaire survey.
After the questionnaire design is completed, two things need to be done: one is to study the questionnaire filling between peers; The second is a small-scale pre-investigation. The purpose of this is to find formal mistakes; Find out if the option is GAI. Details are as follows:
1, first do a small-scale pre-investigation, and find errors in the form of questionnaire, such as low-level errors in the arrangement of options A, B, C and "E" and unfair options;
2. Consider the purpose of each question;
3. Further improve the questionnaire from content to form.
Fourth, the questionnaire data statistics
In the process of summarizing questionnaire data statistics, digital statistics and graphic expression should be comprehensively used to make the data presentation more intuitive and facilitate the discussion of related content and in-depth mining of information in the later period.
Off-topic: 20 171.9-1.00 held the 20 17 China Internet of Things Conference, and my company won the 2017 China Internet of Things Enterprise. Thanks to the Internet of Things Expert Committee of the Chinese Institute of Electronics, including Wu, David Moses, Ni Guangnan, Academician He Jifeng and other well-known experts and scholars in the industry for their affirmation and recognition of our company. I hope our company will continue to make great strides in the field of Internet of Things (especially in the field of smart cities)!
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