Basketball was introduced to China from the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin around 1896, and then to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai. 19 10 After the men's basketball exhibition match was held in the National Games, basketball activities were gradually carried out in universities and middle schools in major cities across the country, especially in Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai. The rules of the game were simple at that time. Draw a middle circle with a diameter of about 1 m in the center of the court. The center player must put a hand when jumping the ball. The technology is also simple. After the jump ball in the middle circle, whoever receives the ball dribbles it himself, and shoots if he exceeds the defender. I was just dribbling in a straight line. The passing method is to pass the ball with one hand and put your hands on your chest. Running shot is a one-handed low-handed layup. The vertical racket is a low-handed racket with both hands in front of the stomach, no matter how far or near. 1925 or so, the five offensive and defensive athletes have a clear division of labor, center to center, defender to striker, someone staring at people, staring at their opponents. But the striker's duty is to attack and shoot, regardless of retreat; The defender's duty is only to defend the volley, regardless of shooting. Strikers and defenders rarely run all over the field, only the center should give consideration to both offense and defense. Later, it was gradually changed to 1 assisted two defenders (mobile defenders), and 1 stayed in the backcourt (fixed defenders). The two strikers also became 1 staying in the frontcourt to attack the fast break, 1 retreating to the backcourt to help defend. Technical movements have also developed, such as one-handed running shooting and expert shooting, two-handed standing shooting on the chest, one-handed passing and two-handed touching the ground, two-handed dribbling alternately dodging defense and advancing beyond defense. The restricted area and the free throw line have been added to the rules. A player who commits four fouls will be disqualified, and any player with 1 can be punished by the captain. The competition time is divided into the first half and the second half with an interval of 10 minute. After each shot or free throw, jump the ball to the middle circle and start the game again. But since 1926, the basketball level in China has been greatly improved.

The earliest basketball performance

1895 In September, Dr. Lyou (Chinese name is Li Ang), an American, was sent by the North American YMCA to Tianjin, China to establish the Urban YMCA. In the same year, Tianjin Chinese YMCA was established in yiguang on February 8th, 65438. Basketball games were held before and after the meeting.

1896 65438+ 10/014 pm, the Chinese YMCA of Tianjin held a more formal basketball performance in the history of basketball in China. With regard to the textual research on the introduction of modern basketball into China, according to Dr. Wu Zhigang who went to the United States in 1948, the YMCA of Tianjin published the following three notices in English in 1896, and the original notices were kept in the YMCA History Library at No.291Broadway Street, new york. Dr Wu Zhigang specially copied three English notices and sent them back to China. The contents of these three English notices are:

First announcement 1895 65438+ 101

There will be a basketball match this afternoon. Please all young people who are interested in sports come to the room at 4 o'clock on time to participate in the competition. There will be a basketball match this afternoon. All young people who love sports, please take an active part at 4 o'clock. )

Second announcement 1896 65438+ 10/8

If it is sunny, there will be a basketball match at four o'clock this afternoon. Come and join the game. If the weather is fine, there will be a basketball match at 4 this afternoon. Come and take part in this sport. )

Third Announcement 65438+April 4th 0896

A fanatical basketball game was held last Saturday afternoon. Another game will be held at four o'clock today. Come and learn the game. There was a lively basketball match last Saturday afternoon, and the other one will be held at 4 o'clock today. Come and learn this game. )

This is the earliest written record of basketball activities in China so far, indicating that the Chinese YMCA of Tianjin held the earliest basketball performance in the history of modern basketball in China in189565438+February.

In his article "Memories of Early Historical Facts of China YMCA", it was recorded that the initial movement of Tianjin YMCA was a weekly Bible study class debate. In addition, members are also very interested in basketball, so it may become a mass movement for some time. But before playing ball, their gestures are impressive. They have to braid their hair, trim their long nails and take off their inconvenient robes. In this way, they gave up the dignity of scholars and replaced them with a happy and lively mentality. However, this kind of exercise is only carried out behind the grass fence of the clubhouse, which is quite narrow and inconvenient.

As can be seen from this account, the primary stage of basketball's introduction into China has not yet formed a movement, and the natural technical movements are relatively simple, not to mention the tactical application in the game. However, it is the beginning of modern basketball in China.

Discussion on the exact time when modern basketball was introduced into China

There have been different opinions about the exact time when modern basketball was introduced into China, which is also an academic issue of great interest to domestic basketball circles and overseas counterparts.