Research on New Technology of Chemical Energy Saving —— Research on Energy Saving Technology of Chemical Process
Abstract: Energy conservation and emission reduction are the basic requirements for the sustainable development of China society. All fields must adhere to the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection, further promote the structural adjustment and upgrading of the chemical industry, improve the management level of the chemical process, clarify the use and operation methods of various equipment in the chemical process, adopt energy-saving chemical equipment in the chemical process, and actively take effective energy-saving measures according to the actual conditions of different chemical processes to infiltrate the energy-saving concept into all links of the chemical process, minimize the energy consumption of the chemical process and promote the development of the chemical industry.
[Keywords:] chemical technology; Energy saving technology
China Library Classification Number: TQ02 Document Identification Number: A Document Number:1009-914x (2016)18-01.
In recent years, China's economy has developed rapidly, and energy consumption in various fields is increasing day by day. China is facing an increasingly severe energy crisis. Chemical process is a complex and comprehensive technology. By adopting various energy-saving measures, the production efficiency of chemical process is continuously improved, the energy consumption of chemical process is reduced, and the sustainable development of chemical process in China is promoted.
The energy saving in chemical process is mainly divided into three stages: new technology development, equipment improvement and strengthening management. Its purpose is to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy and minimize the energy loss in the chemical production process. In the process of chemical production, there are mainly two parts of energy loss: one is the minimum work of chemical process, which needs to consume certain energy and driving force to ensure the necessary speed of chemical production, and this part of energy loss has no energy-saving potential; Second, energy loss is caused by some reasonable factors in the chemical process, such as excessive fluid resistance or excessive driving force. For this part of energy loss, effective measures can be taken to transform and improve and minimize this part of energy loss.
First, the analysis of energy-saving devices in the chemical process
1. heat pipe heat exchanger
Heat pipe heat exchanger is a common energy-saving equipment, and its internal partition can completely separate hot water and cold water in the heat pipe heat exchanger, which can effectively avoid the bad condition of a single heat pipe and ensure the good operation of the whole heat exchanger. Therefore, heat pipe heat exchangers are widely used in some places with strong corrosion, explosion and flammability, with high safety and reliability. Hot fluid and cold fluid in heat pipe heat exchanger flow in their own pipes, so it is easier to realize countercurrent heat exchange between hot fluid and cold fluid. At the same time, the application of heat pipe heat exchanger in heat energy recovery places has high cost performance and economic benefits. When some fluids with high dust content enter the heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat pipe heat exchanger can effectively solve the problem of ash plugging by adjusting the heating area of the structure. At the same time, when some corrosive fluids smoke after tax, the heat pipe heat exchanger can reduce the corrosion area by adjusting the pipe wall temperature and the contact area between the condensation section and the evaporation section.
2. Heat pump
The heat pump uses its own energy to condense the energy in the surrounding medium environment, and then gradually increases the system temperature in the heat transfer circulation system. During the operation of the heat pump, the condenser releases a large amount of high-temperature steam, which is transported to the water storage tank through the pump pipe. After condensation, the heat transfer working medium is transported to the evaporator through the expansion valve to realize fantasy utilization. In this process, the energy consumed by the heat pump is converted into output work. Therefore, the heat pump has good energy conservation, which can effectively save a lot of energy, and it is an energy-saving device with high energy value.
3. Heat accumulator
The heat accumulator plays an irreplaceable role in the gas supply system of industrial boilers. The heat accumulator stores the excess heat in the gas supply system and then releases it in other links, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of heat. The fluctuation of gas supply system will lead to the fluctuation of water level and steam pressure in the boiler of industrial highway gas supply system, which will bring great difficulties to the safe operation and use of the boiler and affect the combustion rate of the boiler. The heat accumulator contains filter load, which can effectively improve the operating efficiency of industrial boilers. There are two main types of regenerator: constant pressure regenerator and variable pressure regenerator. Constant pressure regenerator can not change the working pressure at will during operation, and water supply regenerator is the most commonly used mechanical equipment. The variable pressure heat accumulator can adjust the working pressure at any time with the change of heat storage.
Second, the choice of energy-saving measures in chemical process
1. Actively introduce new processes, new equipment and new technologies.
In recent years, China's modern science and technology have developed rapidly, and various new processes, new equipment and new technologies have emerged, which has also promoted the rapid development of chemical technology. In order to better realize energy saving in chemical process, chemical enterprises should actively introduce new processes, new equipment and new technologies according to their own actual conditions, and constantly improve and optimize chemical process. For example, the application of crystallization analysis technology and distillation technology in chemical process can effectively reduce energy consumption, improve energy utilization rate, simplify chemical process flow and enhance the driving force of chemical process.
2. Improve the operation efficiency of chemical equipment and reduce energy consumption.
In the chemical process, reducing the external reaction pressure, reducing the energy loss and setting the chemical reaction pressure reasonably will help to reduce the energy loss of the conveying device Wu Ying of the motor drive system, especially the compression power consumption of chemical gas, and ensure the stable, efficient and safe operation of the chemical industry. In order to better achieve the goal of energy saving and consumption reduction in chemical process, on the premise of ensuring the normal reaction of chemicals in chemical environment, we should maximize the utilization rate of chemical resources, speed up the reaction time in chemical process, reduce the heat consumed by chemical system in chemical reaction process, reduce the heat loss, reduce unnecessary chemical processes in chemical process, reduce the energy loss in material separation process and maximize the utilization efficiency of equipment.
3. Improve chemical equipment and increase equipment utilization.
In the chemical process, thermal distillation can reduce the energy loss in the chemical separation and purification process, and at the same time reduce the heating temperature level in the chemical process, so as to reduce the endothermic splitting in the separation and purification process, reduce the reaction pressure, and reduce the reaction time and compressibility of gaseous reactants in the chemical process. In the chemical process, the continuous improvement of chemical equipment can not only effectively reduce the energy loss of chemical reaction, but also help to reduce the loss in the separation process of chemical products and avoid unnecessary chemical reactions in the chemical process. In addition, the use of efficient heat transfer fillers and equipment can effectively improve the heat transfer performance of chemical processes. In order to minimize the heat loss in the chemical process, we should adopt new insulation materials and insulation layers with reasonable thickness as far as possible, and reduce the energy loss in the chemical process by continuously improving the production equipment in the chemical process, so as to promote the energy-saving and efficient development of the chemical process.
4. Improve the activity of the catalyst
Catalyst is an essential and important substance in chemical production. Catalyst can not only accelerate the reaction speed of chemical process, but also effectively reduce the energy consumption of chemical process. Using suitable catalyst in chemical process can obviously form chemical process, improve the conversion rate and reaction efficiency of chemical substances, reduce the temperature and pressure of chemical process and reduce product consumption. At the same time, the catalyst also plays an important role in reducing the consumption of by-products and raw materials in the chemical process, thus effectively reducing the energy and load loss of chemical substances in the separation process.
5. Improve the chemical heating system
Adhere to the concept of energy saving in chemical process, scientifically plan the chemical process flow from the overall perspective, and further optimize the chemical heating system. Combined with the characteristics of chemical heating system, optimize the operation process of the system, realize the effective combination of each sub-module, expand the heat conversion range of chemical heating system, accelerate the exchange speed of heat energy and cold energy, avoid energy waste and minimize the energy consumption of chemical process.
6. Do a good job in sewage recycling.
Chemical enterprises should actively introduce and apply sewage recycling technology to reduce the loss and waste of water resources and do a good job in sewage recycling. Chemical enterprises should strengthen the water-saving awareness of all staff, advocate water conservation and put an end to waste of water resources. In the chemical process, we should actively apply refrigeration and power generation conversion technology, strengthen the recycling of electricity, heat, water and other resources, improve the utilization rate of valuable waste heat, residual pressure and other resources, realize energy saving and consumption reduction in the chemical process, reduce the production cost of chemical enterprises, and realize the best realization mode of circular economy.
In addition, frequency conversion energy-saving technology is adopted. In order to better solve the problem of low equipment load rate in chemical production, frequency conversion energy-saving technology is adopted in chemical process, and the valves used in traditional chemical process are further reformed and upgraded, so as to ensure that the motor can maintain a balanced output and input state for a long time in chemical production, reduce the energy loss caused by long-term operation of the motor at power frequency, and achieve the ultimate goal of energy saving and consumption reduction.
refer to
[1] Yang Jian et al., Common technical measures for energy saving and consumption reduction in chemical processes [J]. China Petrochemical Standards and Quality, 20 13, 19.
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