This part of the Khitans later merged with the Koreans. After the demise of the Liao Dynasty, there appeared some Khitans headed by Culler, the fourth ancestor of Shimakulupu. "When Min Zongguo died, he vowed not to eat golden millet and led the tribe to migrate to poverty and seek revenge." ([Yuan] Xu Qian: The General Division of Shimao Gongxing of the Black Army, Volume II of Baiyun Ji by Taiwan Province Commercial Press and Four Books of Wen Yuan Pavilion. When graphite was first used, it was reported that Genghis Khan had risen to work, and he made a surprising plan to get gold from Tokyo. In short, in terms of geographical distribution, the Khitans in Jin Dynasty lived near Huanglinfu in Shangjing, Liaoning Province and their hometown in the north, and some of them moved to the north-central part of Northeast China. On the one hand, the rulers of the Jurchen nationality were wary of the Khitans and practiced ethnic discrimination and oppression. On the other hand, as the rule of the Jin Dynasty extended southward to the Huaihe River Basin, Meng 'an Mouke moved southward, and some Khitans also moved to the Central Plains. When Genghis Khan rose in Mobei grassland, the Khitans were discriminated and oppressed by the rulers of the Jurchen nationality in the Jin Dynasty. After many failed uprisings, they successively defected to Genghis Khan, many of whom held important positions in the Mongolian Khan court and gradually became an important force in the conquest war of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. Geographically, most of the Khitans in the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties were still in their old places, that is, Chifeng City, Tongliao City, Liaoning Province and Jilin City, Inner Mongolia. However, with the Mongols' wars of breaking Xixia, destroying Jin, surrendering to Korea, pacifying Dali, destroying Song and Western Expedition, some Khitans were drafted into the army, left the above-mentioned areas and began to spread all over China, even as far away as Korea, Central Asia and West Asia. Some of them were stationed in various places, and some stayed in the local area to settle down as officials. The Khitans who followed Mongolia's Western Expedition and stayed in Central Asia and West Asia gradually merged with Mongols and locals. On the basis of the sinicization of Liao, Jin and Han Dynasties, the Khitan people all over South China were further sinicized in the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties. As a result, the Mongolian rulers called some Khitans who grew up in the Han Dynasty Han Chinese, while the Khitans who were born in the northwest and could not speak Chinese were called Mongols. Ruyuan 21st year (1284) August: "Decided to set an example for officers ... Jurchen, Khitan, Han people. If Nuzhen and Qidan were born in the northwest and can't speak Chinese, they grew up among the Han people with the Mongols, Nuzhen and [Qidan] and Han people. " ("A Record of the History of the Yuan Dynasty") In the four-class system implemented by the Yuan Dynasty, the Khitans were clearly listed as third-class Han Chinese. Tao also recorded in the Record of Dropping out of Farming in Nancun that the Khitan was the first of the "Eight Masters" in the Yuan Dynasty. In addition, Shen Mi, the two surnames of Qidan, Liu and Xiao, were already sinicized in Liao Dynasty, and they were easily confused with Han nationality in the process of living together with Han nationality. Therefore, when the Mongolian ruling forces withdrew from the Central Plains, the rulers in the early Ming Dynasty adopted a policy of national assimilation and banned Mongolian surnames. The Khitans, who had already been deeply sinicized, naturally merged with the Han nationality and other ethnic groups. The Khitan people who stayed in their hometown mainly refer to the Khitan people who lived under the jurisdiction of Luye Liu Ge, the former Huanglinfu in Beijing, Liao. After the Mongolian forces withdrew from the north in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, they should also withdraw from the north. Because they have the same lifestyle as the Mongols, engaged in animal husbandry production and life, and have been ruled by the Mongols for many years, they gradually merged into the Mongols. In this way, in the early Ming Dynasty, the nomadic Khitan people who ruled the northern part of China "disappeared" from ancient records and merged with the Han nationality, Mongolian nationality and other ethnic groups. As a nation, the Khitan has long since ceased to exist. So, are there any descendants today? From the Qing Dynasty to modern times, the academic circles have always speculated that the Daur people are descendants of the Khitan people (statement: Khitan people after the disintegration of the Great Liao Dynasty, edited by the editorial department of historical research: Essays on the History of Liao and Jin Dynasties, Liaoning People's Publishing House, 1985). In addition, according to ethnological investigation, there are still many descendants of the Khitan in Yunnan today, calling themselves "I", with a total population of about 654.38+0.5 million. Now he mainly lives in Shidian, Changning, Longling and other counties in Baoshan, Yunnan. His surnames are A, Mang, Jiang and Yang. They are descendants of Qidan soldiers who settled in Yunnan during the Yuan Dynasty. In order to survive, they changed their names in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Now, in addition to Bulang, there are Yi and Wa nationalities, and a large number of Chinese-speaking "I" who live in the dam area choose Han nationality (Chen Naixiong: Descendants of Yunnan Qidan Nationality and the Remains of Qidan Characters, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Northern Ancient Culture in China, China Literature and History Publishing House, 1995).