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The story that Meng Jiangnv found her husband is true.
Li Yazhong
Is the story that Meng Jiangnv found her husband true or false? Where did it happen? Where is the Qin Changcheng in the east of China built?
After twenty years of large-scale field investigation and historical research, the author found that Qin Changcheng in eastern China is not on the front line of Shanhaiguan today, as some scholars have said in recent years, but on the front line of Shanhaiguan today. The story of Meng Jiangnv looking for a husband happened in Shanhaiguan today. This is based on numerous records and Qin Changcheng and Qin Changcheng were the front lines of Shanhaiguan during the Beijing-Tianjin-Tang-Qin period.
Jiang Ming-yikui's Chang 'an Hakka Dialect: "There is a ridge in the west five miles of the eighteenth plate in the southeast of the town border town, which is called the Great Wall. The top of the ruins is vertical and horizontal, with slight uplift and peeling. It is the site of Qin Dynasty, namely Yan Qin Changcheng site. Records of Western Officials and Textual Research on Old News under the Sun also have the same records. The author also found a route from Langshan of Chaoyang Guanting Reservoir in Houzhen, Chicheng County to Changchengling Village, Nanshan, Changping District, Beijing.
It also passes through Juyongguan, which is Badaling. The Story of the Main Hall by Wang Yun, a bachelor of Hanlin in Yuan Dynasty: "Juyongguan: Juyongguan lived here when Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall in the north, hence its name". In the twenty-second year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Xuanhua Prefecture wrote: "Yan and Qin Changcheng are both in the south of Shanggu (now Huailai, Hebei Province) ... They call themselves" Badaling "and" Liaodong ",which should be sorted out because of the old Yancheng. In the sixth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, Yanqing County Chronicle said: "The ancient Great Wall was a swallow plug, which was designed by Qin Dynasty and placed on the valley (now southeast of Huailai). From the north of Shanggu to western Liaoning (now around Qinhuangdao), Qin Shihuang was built because of his former site, and the site in Yongning still exists today. " The author is located in the north of Shuiguan Mountain in Badaling, southeast of yongningzhen in Yanqing County, north of Lianhuachi Village in Mutianyu, Sandaogoumen outside Gubeikou, Huodushan, Guchengchuan, Beijing Simatai, Yaoqiaoyu, north of Qingdongling Village in Zunhua, "Old Guanling" in Pianshiyu, "Old Great Wall" in North Horse Road of Qinglong "Little Tibet", Lengkou and Heiyugou Temple in Shimenzhai, Funing.
Qin Changcheng, who passed Shanhaiguan today, has many records in the history books.
The Biography of Historical Records of Meng Tian recorded the justice of the Tang Dynasty: "The Great Wall of the first emperor was east to the west of Liaoshui and south to the sea". The author also found that it flows into the sea from Jinniu Cave in Suizhong to Laolonggou, also known as Guzhen Gully, in the east of Shanhaiguan in the southwest. These are the first two sections of the "First Emperor's Great Wall" built by Qin Shihuang in the 32nd year of the First Emperor (2 15 BC) along the Yan Great Wall along the old edge of Shanhaiguan in Jinniu Cave in the northeast and the seaside of Shanhaiguan. The "Great Wall of the First Emperor" was built in Shanhaiguan and Suizhong County, Liaoning Province, which also shows that the later Qin Changcheng was also on this line.
According to Records of the Historical Records of Qin Shihuang, in the thirty-fifth year of Qin Shihuang (2 12 BC), Hou Sheng and Lu Sheng said that Qin Shihuang's greed for power was not peaceful and he fled. "Qin Shihuang was very angry when he heard of his death ... in order to suggest that he be informed about the situation and ask all the students ... more than 460 people who violated the ban were in Xianyang ... Fu Su, the eldest son of the first emperor, admonished:' At the beginning of the world, the leaders of those who were far away did not get together. All the students recite Buddhism and Confucius. Today, they all attach importance to Buddhism. I'm afraid the world will be upset, so I just have a look. The first emperor was furious, and made Fu Su North Governor Shang Jun Meng Tian. ".Qin Changcheng, which passes through Shanhaiguan in the east of China, was also built by Meng Tian after Fu Su was driven out of Xianyang in the 35th year of Qin Shihuang, and served as an army supervisor. This is also recorded in many ways.
In the 14th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, Yongping County Chronicle: "The Great Wall: Built by Meng Tian, the general of the Northern Frontier of Qin Dynasty". "Fusu Spring: In Fubei, it tastes very sweet. Fu Su, the king of Qin, built the Great Wall in the north and tried to stay here. "
In the fifth year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, the Annals of Yongping Prefecture: "Meng Tian Well: One Fusu Spring, and Kansai is in Fucheng". Taiziling: It is hundreds of miles northwest of Gan 'an County, where Su Denggao rises, hence the name.
"Liao History Geography": "Luanzhou, with mountains and rivers, is the scenic spot of Shuo and Han. And Fu Suchun, very sweet. Prince Su built the Great Wall in the north and lived here. " .
Records of Shanhaiguan in the 14th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty: "The Old Great Wall: located in the northeast of the city, extending to the northwest. It is said that it was built by Meng Tian, a general of the Qin Dynasty.
Dong Zhang, director of Shanhaiguan Military Division in the 22nd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, wrote: "The natives said that the northern edge of the Great Wall is an old relic, and the so-called people who set out from Lintao, Shaanxi and even Liaodong are also".
In 18, Linyi County Chronicle: "Tieque Pass: It is the oldest pedestal of the Great Wall on the western hill of Yashuihezhuang, with Shitai in Jiao Shan in the south and the Great Wall Temple in the north".
Thus, Qin Changcheng in the east of China was indeed built from Shanhaiguan to Liaodong in the thirty-fifth year of the First Emperor (2 12 BC) after Fu Su was appointed as the military supervisor of Meng Tian.
For Meng Jiangnv, records abound in Shanhaiguan area!
For example, Huang Shikang's "Qin Bei" included in the "Yongping Fuzhi" in the fifth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty records: "Qin Youyan. The surname is Xu, and Fan Zhifu is from Guanzhong (west of Hanguguan). The former ... lives in Chu and takes the country as his surname. On the occasion of the Jin and Chu Dynasties, there were famous artists. Between Qin and Yan, there are many surnames in the city (that is, between Jin and Chu, between Qin and Shui). People often take' Jiang Meng' as their name or surname, and beautiful women often name' Jiang Meng'. Therefore, in the Book of Songs in the Spring and Autumn Period, there have been poems such as "I am beautiful and I can't forget my voice" and "Who knows what the clouds think, I am beautiful and ginger". The name of Qin Dynasty is Jiang. Her husband's name is Fan Zhi) ... Qin Shihuang took Liuhe as his home and built the Great Wall as his outer screen. Starting from Longxi, it is extremely left in Liao (that is, the east bank of Liao River, geographically east). A million people were overseen and built along the sea to the east (that is, along the old side of Beijing, Tianjin, Tang and Qin, that is, Shanhaiguan to the north bank of Sancha River on the east bank of Liaohe River, excluding Hunhe River and Taizi River) ... Jiang cut a lover in Yaner ... So it is the meaning of three obedience and has the power of a thousand years. Go west from Qinling Mountain and go north along Qihe River. Everyone kowtows and hides their tears. Break my face with a sword, ask the wind to find the distance ... The north wind is full of chestnuts, and I smell the long hiss of horses. The bones are rugged and the haze rises. If a gentleman dies, resentment will not come to him! Fu Jie said a word, and the pain would be relieved. So, it is eating Lou to death, and it is three days and three nights. My eyelids didn't stop and my throat didn't stop! At that time, Prince Fu Su and General Meng Tian held a military account in Lulong, and his interesting tools were installed in Zhuolu. When you hear about it, your heart will ache. Just ask it to see its grievances. Jiang Naiyan said:' Righteousness is a monarch and a minister, and there is a distinction between making things; Li Yun: Couples would rather not feel sad. My husband was not born before the Qin Dynasty, but my concubine He Fu died after her husband! I sobbed to death when I finished! Just like Qi Fu's pursuit of Ju's soul (just like Qi Liang's wife followed the soul of her husband who died in Ju's attack in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is to say, she was not alone with Qi Liang's wife in the Spring and Autumn Period), there was no place for Fan Lang to travel together to analyze wood (especially Zhou belongs to the star domain). So the prince and others smiled through tears and covered Yuan. Biao Fan is a general and Jiang is Mrs. Zhen Xuan. Give a promotion, give a burial. Another day, the flying sand condenses into stones, and the round island suddenly shows the trend of a good city. Shiguan is the pass (now Shanhaiguan East Huanxiling Emperor Great Wall Pass). East Bali is a mile from the sea. Virtue touched the sky, but attracted many people. Therefore, it is suggested to build a temple in the stone (that is, to build a temple for Meng Jiangnu in Mishi, the east king of Shanhaiguan today) and go to the island (that is, to bury the coffin of Jiang Nv and her husband Fan Ju on the rock under the Jieshi of Jiang Nv's tomb, which is the origin of this strange name, also known as' Jiang Nv's tomb'). As a samurai, Jiao Ren sent the list. It's sad to play, but the song ruined it! People who are generous to Zhao Yan, people in and out of the valley, are all white horses, all dressed up for drinking. Floating around the water, on the left is the Jieshi Palace (that is, the Jieshi Palace in Yan Zhaowang during the Warring States Period was on the shore, and it was flooded when the Western Han and Yuan emperors invaded the sea. Now some experts only say that it is a palace in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Double catalpa branches, far away in Penglai Temple. "
In the 14th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, Records of Shanhaiguan also recorded the tomb of Jiang Nv in the southeast sea of Shanhaiguan, saying that "it is said that Meng Jiangnv died crying for her husband and was buried here".
In the eighteenth year of the Republic of China, Linyi County Records also recorded the Dongmeng Jiangnv Temple in Shanhaiguan, the Notre Dame Temple: "This temple was built before the Song Dynasty. There is a couplet in "Wen Tianxiang":' Qin Huang' an is here, and the Great Wall of Wan Li builds grievances; Jiang Nv is not dead, a thousand years later, Shi Mingzhen'. Although the temple was later abandoned, it still survives and was rebuilt by Dong Zhang, the headmaster of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.
"Beiyuan Lu" also recorded Mengzhuang in Qiu Yong County in the Song Dynasty: "There is Fanlang Temple, in which there is a statue of Meng Jiangnv. I'm the one who deserves it. General Montaigne also. " It also expressed people's respect and nostalgia for Fu Su and Meng Tian's visit, as well as sympathy for Jiang Nv, who was regarded as an outstanding representative of the "military wife" of the soldiers who built the city and defended the border, and built the temple with the etiquette of "General Zuo Jun" and "Lady Zhen Xuan".
Meng Lan, a historian of the Qing Dynasty, also said: "The wife of Qi Liang is nameless, the wife of Qin Shifan, crying at the Great Wall, saying that misunderstanding is one person and one thing ... There is a wife shrine of Qi Liang in Changqing, Shandong."
Dong Zhang's Memorial to the Temple of Notre Dame in the Ming Dynasty also said: "Qi Liang recorded Tan Gong, which was undoubtedly wrong in the Spring and Autumn Period, but it was not enough to discuss ... but Jiang did it."
Therefore, today's story of Meng Jiangnu in Shanhaiguan is not only based on the Qin Changcheng built by Fu Su and Meng Tian and Liaodong, which leads to the front line of Shanhaiguan today, but also recorded clearly in many ancient books, such as Qin Mengjiang Monument, Records of Shanhaiguan, Records of Linyu County and Records of Notre Dame Temple. Therefore, it is not a myth, but a fact! The plots of Qi Liang's wife crying over the city and Qin Huang's forced marriage are just the transplantation, attachment and misinformation of Meng Jiangnv's story by some literati since the Tang and Song Dynasties, which should be resolutely corrected and clarified!
However, some experts and scholars, such as Mr. Gu Jiegang since the beginning of the 20th century, know little or nothing about Yan, Qin Changcheng, the Great Wall of the First Emperor and today's records of Meng Jiangnu in Shanhaiguan, so they only rely on the poem "The Wife of Qi Liang" written by a monk since the Tang Dynasty, "The king of Qin has no way, the four seas are dry, and the Great Wall is built to cover the northern Hu. Building a city and building Wan Li, Qi Liang and Zhen Fu are crying "and" Meng Jiangnu, wife of Qi Liang, went to Yanshan and never returned "in Dunhuang Quzi Ci in the late Tang Dynasty and early Song Dynasty. When you make a cold coat, you can't help but send your own clothes. For example, the wife of Qi Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period and Meng Jiangnv in the Qin Dynasty gave the absurd statement that Guan Gong beat Qin Qiong at random, and easily made the wrong conclusion that the story of Meng Jiangnv in Shanhaiguan today evolved from the story of Qi Liang's wife crying in the Spring and Autumn Period. What evidence is this? This is undoubtedly an extremely rash mistake, which should be resolutely corrected and clarified! Before the Tang Dynasty, it was never absurd to confuse the wife of Qi Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period with Meng Jiangnu in the Qin Dynasty!
In 2006, the story of Qi Liang's wife crying in the Spring and Autumn Period-Zibo, Shandong Province, was listed as the "intangible cultural heritage site" as the "legend of Meng Jiangnv" in the national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2008, the legend of Meng Jiangnu in Qinhuangdao, namely Shanhaiguan District, was accepted as the first batch of "expansion projects" in the second batch of "intangible cultural heritage list". In other words, the story of Qinhuangdao, namely Shanhaiguan District, evolved from the story of Qi Liang, the wife of Qi State, crying in Zibo during the Spring and Autumn Period. This is undoubtedly extremely wrong and absurd, and should be resolutely corrected and clarified! Returning to Shanhaiguan is the real place and intangible cultural heritage of Meng Jiangnu's story. The fact that Qi Liang's wife had nothing to do with Meng Jiangnv in Qin Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period in Shandong Province shows its true historical features, as well as the true historical features of Meng Jiangnv's story, one of the four major folklore stories in China. In 2007, Shanhaiguan was named as the national "hometown of Meng Jiangnv culture" and "Meng Jiangnv culture research center", which is correct and truly worthy of the name. This is also the real reason why today's Meng Jiangnu Temple in Shanhaiguan has inherited orthodoxy among many existing Meng Jiangnu temples in the country, and has been more and more respected and loved by people, with unique eternal charm.
So Qin Changcheng is in the front line of Shanhaiguan today, and Meng Jiangnv is a real person. This is the truth of Qin Changcheng and the true face of Meng Jiangnv's story!
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