Schoenbein was born in June 65438 +654381October +081October in Mezingen, a small town near Stuttgart in southern Germany. His father is a poor printing and dyeing worker with eight children. As the eldest son, Schoenbein had to do odd jobs to supplement his family. At the age of 13, he started his apprenticeship, which eventually made him an experienced chemist. Later he worked in a chemical factory near Herun Root. Unable to pay for college, he tried to teach himself and tried his best to attend lectures by Faraday, Dumas, Ampere and Gay-Lussac. Schoenbein must have been inspired by their brilliant ideas and experimental methods. In Herun, he also established a deep friendship with Justus von Liebig (1830 ~ 1873), who later became a famous chemist. 1839, when he gave a lecture entitled "Anode odor in hydrolysis process" at the meeting of Basel Natural Science Association, he probably got good advice from Justus von Liebig. Schoenbein has done research in both physical and chemical fields, namely, electricity, polarization and electrolysis. He noticed that in the presence of oxygen, when working with the stack, there would be an irritating gas with "electric smell". Out of good intuition, he found a new type of oxygen which can also be defined as "active oxygen". In nature, ozone is produced during thunderstorms. Because lightning catalyzes oxygen in the atmosphere and produces ozone.

1835, university of basel appointed him as a professor of physical chemistry, and then he made other discoveries. Most notably, he proved that zinc precipitation can protect iron from corrosion at present, and use air and water to synthesize ammonia to make fertilizer. People should also remember that he invented collodion. However, unlike explosives, which brought wealth to Alfred Noble, collodion did not bring him money. Schonbein is a scientist who has contributed to many projects. Among the 343 papers published by him, 186 1 reported the qualitative analysis using filter paper, which is a brand-new concept and describes chromatographic technology for the first time. Later, he became interested in biochemistry, especially the role of hydrocyanic acid in preventing meat from rotting. He successfully proved the possibility that meat can be preserved for a long time. In this study, he was infected with Bacillus anthracis, probably from carrion. Schoenbein died in baden-baden on August 29th, 868. In recognition of his great achievements in scientific research and contribution to university of basel, he was buried in Basel. Ironically, although he foresaw that ozone might become a powerful disinfectant for pathogens such as syphilis and gonorrhea, he failed to use ozone for treatment himself (Nolte, 1999).

1999 March 1 1 ~ 13, the international conference on ozone treatment was held at Glaxo Wellcome Research Center in Verona. At the opening ceremony, I am honored to give a speech to commemorate the bicentennial of Schoenbein's birth. First of all, I try to emphasize that important discoveries usually seem to be the result of lucky patronage or, as we say, adventure discovery. However, this is not the case. Just to name a few innovators, such as Jenner, Schoenbein, Fleming, Furchgott, isaacs and Levi-Montalcini. Their key findings come from their keen insight in explaining an accidental result in their daily work in a specific field.

In addition, Schon Bain realized that ozone is ubiquitous in nature. He also observed that the concentration of ozone increased with latitude. 1853, he detected different air samples for the first time in the Austrian mountainous area, and invented a simple ozone meter, which consists of experimental test paper that can react with iodine and starch.

In my speech, I pointed out that Schoenbein, as a pioneer of atmospheric chemistry, could not imagine the role played by the ozone layer (about 10ppm) in the stratosphere more than 20km above the earth's surface. Ozone neutralizes almost all ultraviolet rays (band C: 100 ~ 280 nm, band B: 28 1 ~ 3 15 nm), thus minimizing the genetic mutation of ultraviolet rays on organisms. He couldn't imagine that hundreds of years later, human negligence in releasing chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere led to the partial destruction of the ozone layer, which is the famous "ozone hole" and attributed it to chlorine free radicals (Harris and Bishop, 1999). Molina and Roland (1974) won the 1995 Nobel Prize for explaining the lack of catalytic reaction of stratospheric ozone. Today, through our own efforts, we know that the ozone concentration is increasing, and it has reached a quite high level in some big cities. In the past, the ozone concentration in troposphere was extremely low (about 0.03ppm, about 300 times lower than that in stratosphere). When ozone is mixed with acid compounds such as nitrogen oxides (nitrogen oxides) and carbon monoxide (CO), photochemical smog with great toxicity to respiratory tract is formed because there is not enough neutralizing substance to neutralize these mixture killers. We are also saddened to see that in Florence and Venice, amazing marble statues and bronze statues were corroded by acid fog. As far as protecting and restoring them is concerned, it seems that we have never done a good job.

If Schon Bain attends the Basel Forum organized by the International Ozone Association (19991kloc-0/October 2 1 ~ 22), he will be happy to see how important ozone has become in many industrial processes and our daily life, such as waste and drinking water treatment. Because the demand for purifying and preserving water is increasing, ozone treatment technology will become more important. Today, no one will doubt that ozone has many antioxidant and bactericidal properties. 1893, the Netherlands was the first to install a drinking water treatment device. At present, there are more than 3,000 urban drinking water treatment facilities in the world. In fact, Rice concluded in the report 1999 that "ozone has antioxidant and bactericidal properties in this respect. 1893, the Netherlands was the first to install a drinking water treatment device. At present, there are more than 3,000 urban drinking water treatment facilities in the world. In fact, Rice concluded in a report 1999 that "ozone has a bright future in this respect".