? Paper Keywords Research Paradigm Interdisciplinary Research Necessity
? At present, the mainstream technology research paradigm is unreasonable in one dimension. After analysis and reflection, it is necessary to adopt interdisciplinary research paradigm in educational technology to meet the practical and academic needs of diversified development of disciplines and to continuously explore and realize the intrinsic value of educational technology.
? For a long time, the research of educational technology has not paid attention to methodology, and the research method is single, and the qualitative research tradition still dominates, which has become the stem of the development of applied educational technology. In recent years, educational technology researchers in China have fully realized the importance of methodology. Various research methods in the field of science are constantly introduced into the research of educational technology, and new research methods such as action research, educational narrative research, mixed research and design-based research are gradually emerging in the field of educational technology. Some scholars (Zhang Bin, Zhang et al., 2009) think? Diversification of research paradigm is the inevitable trend of educational technology research. We need to break the unit thinking, give up seeking universal educational technology research paradigm, and move towards diversification of educational technology research paradigm? . Indeed, the diversity of basic theories of educational technology, the diversity of research objects and application fields, and the confusion of current research methods of educational technology all require diversified research paradigms. Based on the definition of research paradigm by Kuhn's paradigm theory, and by thinking about the current research paradigm of educational technology, this paper puts forward that interdisciplinary research paradigm should be adopted in the field of educational technology research, and demonstrates its necessity.
1. Kuhn's paradigm theory and its enlightenment to the development of educational technology research paradigm
? The word paradigm was put forward by Thomas. Kuhn, a contemporary American scientist, in his classic book The Structure of Scientific Revolution. Kuhn thinks? Paradigm is the theoretical basis and practical norm on which conventional science runs, and the world outlook and behavior pattern followed by researchers engaged in a certain science? fzl？ Research paradigm? The core of this concept is to believe that science has the same subject, theoretical system of disciplines and framework of scientific research. However, with the deepening and development of research, many scholars' understanding of research paradigm has exceeded the meaning given by Kuhn. As some scholars (Cai Jiandong et al., 2006) think, we also think it is different from Kuhn's paradigm. Substitution? And then what? No communication? On the contrary, what are the differences in the research paradigm of educational technology? * * * Save? Yes, is it? Can you make an appointment? Yes, it is an alternating and complementary relationship. The diversity of basic theories of educational technology and the diversity of research objects determine that the research of educational technology must adopt diversified research paradigms. Just like using labor tools in daily life, the functions and efficiencies of different labor tools are different. There is no best tool, only the one that is most suitable for a certain kind of labor. Therefore, educational technology needs to try, introduce and discover various research paradigms and their application fields and scopes. Before demonstrating the necessity of interdisciplinary research paradigm in educational technology, it is necessary to sort out and think about various research paradigms used in educational technology at present.
Second, a brief introduction and reflection on the current research paradigm of educational technology.
? China's educational technology is in a period of vigorous development, academic research is booming, theoretical viewpoints are constantly being introduced, the discipline system is constantly improving, and papers and works are increasing day by day. However, there are few discussions on its own research paradigm in the field of educational technology, and the research conclusions are not clear and consistent. Judging from the papers published at present, the classification and views of educational technology researchers on research paradigms are roughly as follows; 1. The research paradigm of discipline can be divided into two basic types: theoretical research paradigm and practical research paradigm. 2. Positivism and humanism are the research paradigms of educational technology. 3. What are the main problems in educational technology research? Positivism? With what? Interpretation/Constructivism? Two basic research paradigms. 4. Professor Ronghuai Wang believes that the evolution of research paradigm in the field of educational technology has experienced? Experience-comparative experiment-system integration? Three main stages. 5. In recent years, some scholars (Zhang Bin, Zhang, etc. , 2009) proposed that educational technology should adopt diversified research paradigms. From the above classification and viewpoints, we can see that the research paradigm of educational technology has not formed a consistent understanding, and various viewpoints are in a discrete state. There are two main reasons for this phenomenon: first, limited by the research tradition, the previous research on educational technology did not pay attention to methodology, and the research method was single, so few people conducted in-depth research on the research paradigm. Second, the complexity of educational technology itself determines that research paradigms are rarely unified. Fortunately, this phenomenon also shows that research paradigm research is getting more and more attention in the field of educational technology, which should be a good sign.
? After analyzing and thinking about the current research paradigm of educational technology, we think that there is one-dimensional irrationality in the current research paradigm of educational technology, and we should break through the one-dimensional thinking mode and introduce and try to use diversified research paradigms. Whether the research paradigm introduced from other disciplines is suitable for the research of educational technology needs the support of theoretical speculation and practice.
Third, educational technology should also adopt an interdisciplinary research paradigm.
? 1 What is an interdisciplinary research paradigm?
Interdisciplinary? The term appeared in the United States in the 1920s, but independent, self-sufficient, organized and planned interdisciplinary research began in the 1950s. With the development and deepening of scientific research, many scholars have put forward their own opinions on interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary research. Although the concept of interdisciplinary research is different, its essence and essence are clear. We believe that interdisciplinary research is a research strategy that takes the actual needs of solving problems as the starting point, adopts all methods, technologies, means and strategies conducive to solving problems through consultation, cooperation and personal exploration, and then forms a flexible and integrated research method system. The methods and concerns of interdisciplinary research are varied. It can be driven by scientific curiosity or practical needs; It can be carried out by a single researcher or a team. The real interdisciplinary research is not simply to piece together several disciplines, but to pursue the integration of ideas and methods of various disciplines. Through the discussion and cooperation between disciplines, the research framework is constructed and the overall or systematic research results are obtained. The theoretical basis and practical norms on which this research method operates, as well as the world outlook and behavior patterns followed by researchers when using this method to solve problems constitute an interdisciplinary research paradigm. According to the understanding of interdisciplinary research and its paradigm, we think that technology, as an interdisciplinary subject, is more necessary to adopt interdisciplinary research paradigm in order to organically integrate the methods and ideas of related disciplines and better serve the development of disciplines.
? 2 the necessity of adopting interdisciplinary research paradigm in educational technology
? First of all, the great attraction of scientific research calls for an interdisciplinary research paradigm. People are increasingly aware that many phenomena and problems (including education) cannot be solved by scholars of one discipline alone, but need to be solved together with scholars of related disciplines, and on this basis, work hypotheses, theoretical models, research methods and similarities between related disciplines are formulated. Only by cooperating with each other and exploring together can we solve the multi-disciplinary and complex theoretical and practical problems that are constantly emerging in research and practice. Facts have proved that these problems are often not solved by a single discipline. In view of this, many scholars call for interdisciplinary research, and believe that interdisciplinary research is a remarkable feature and trend of scientific development today. Attaching great importance to interdisciplinary research and continuous attempts in practice have played a positive role in eliminating the barriers between disciplines, reconstructing the concept of overall integration and promoting the integration of disciplines. The so-called research field of each discipline is not its arbitrary and exclusive field, and there is no absolute boundary. Interdisciplinary research is a necessary means to promote the integration of disciplines and solve complex problems, which has become the development trend of scientific research. As a branch of scientific research team, educational technology needs to adopt an interdisciplinary research paradigm to make due contributions to promoting the integration of disciplines and solving complex problems in multiple disciplines.
? Secondly, the disciplinary nature and complex research objects of educational technology require the use of interdisciplinary research paradigms. Educational technology is a new interdisciplinary subject in the field of educational science, a technical discipline with methodological nature, and obviously has the characteristics of applied discipline and comprehensive discipline. The problem of educational technology research is not purely pedagogic, academic or technical, but multidisciplinary and comprehensive. For example, distance education should not only follow the law of education and teaching, but also pay attention to students' learning attitude and psychological problems in the state of separation between teachers and students, and adopt appropriate technology to realize the teaching process and teaching objectives, among which the application of knowledge is also a key factor affecting the success or failure of distance education. Another example is the development of subject-themed websites, the production of multimedia courseware, and the construction of communication and interactive platforms. It is not only a matter of technical realization, but also a breakthrough in educational ideas and learning methods. Classroom instructional design is an outstanding model of instructional design theory and applied theory of educational psychology. The inclusive nature of educational technology and complex research objects determine that the research of educational technology must adopt interdisciplinary research paradigm. Only in this way can educational technology make great progress.
? Thirdly, adopting interdisciplinary research paradigm is conducive to promoting educational technology and broadening its innovative horizons. Weiner, the founder of cybernetics, said: In the development of science, the most rewarding field is the neglected no-man's land between established departments (disciplines) [[8] N. Is there a breakthrough in educational technology? No man's land? But educational technology has not become? What is the most rewarding area? The fundamental reason lies in the lack of innovation, especially the lack of breakthrough innovation. The interdisciplinary research paradigm has brought new hope and impetus to the scientific research innovation of educational technology. The interdisciplinary research paradigm has broken through the one-dimensional thinking mode and research method of educational technology in the past. This breakthrough is not to completely abandon the original way of thinking and research methods, but to form a more scientific research method on the basis of absorbing and perfecting the original way of thinking and research methods. Interdisciplinary research on educational technology can eliminate the barriers and vision obstacles caused by the boundary barriers between related disciplines, emphasize the organic coordination and cooperation centered on research topics, increase inter-disciplinary exchanges, help to correctly understand and effectively solve various phenomena and complex problems in educational technology activities, promote the infiltration and integration of related disciplines, help to form a perfect educational technology discipline system, and further promote the innovation of academic viewpoints, research methods and discipline system of educational technology.
Four tuberculosis
? No research paradigm and command? This world? It only refers to the research paradigm that is dominant or favored by academic researchers in a specific academic background and research stage, because the research paradigm is not a fixed theoretical framework and method system, but a dynamic overall understanding and operation process with the needs of discipline development, the needs of practice, and the shift of research focus. Each research paradigm has its specific research field and application scope. Therefore, in today's diversified academic research, we should conform to the needs of disciplines and the development and changes of research; Today, many disciplines need educational technology to support and optimize teaching, so we should fully meet the needs of other disciplines. Adopting interdisciplinary research paradigm can promote the organic integration of multidisciplinary ideas and methods, get rid of the dilemma of educational technology research, make educational technology perfectly integrated with other disciplines, and constantly explore and realize the intrinsic value of educational technology.
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