First, the writing method and basic requirements of the opening report 1 How to choose a topic, how to choose a topic and how to open a topic must consider the following factors: 1) Is the topic valuable? Why should I choose this topic? What is the background of choosing this topic? What's the value of this research in theory and practice? 2) From the reality, according to their own knowledge structure, experimental conditions, funds and other aspects of the situation, choose the topic suitable for their own research. 3) The topic should be related to your major, and avoid choosing a topic that is too different from your major. As an undergraduate majoring in process equipment and control engineering, it is best to choose topics related to the engineering design, technology development, manufacturing and engineering research of process equipment, try to combine the actual tasks of production and scientific research units, or as part of teachers' research or postgraduate projects; Or a self-made subject that is closely related to the content of this major and discipline and meets the teaching requirements. 2. What does the opening report generally include? The opening report generally includes: 1) title. The topic is a high-level summary of the content to be studied, which should be concise and to the point, generally no more than 20 words; 2) ask questions. Why did you choose this topic? What are the theoretical and practical values of the topic selection? It is expected to be completed from several aspects. 3) The present situation of this study. The degree of domestic research and international research is mainly expounded through literature review. 4) Determine the main content you want to learn. 5) Determine the methods and steps to be adopted in the research. Is to use what kind of method to study this topic, which steps to study this topic. 6) Analyze the feasibility of the research topic. For example, what conditions they have and whether the research route is feasible. 7) List the timetable. 8) List references. 3. How to consult the literature and write a literature review can be carried out according to the following steps: 1) After the topic is determined, the Chinese and English keywords of the topic should be determined according to the research connotation of the topic; 2) Search journals, dissertations, patents, international conferences, classic works or research reports of full-time departments in this field according to Chinese and English keywords. Suggestions are as follows: First, search the electronic resources of the school library, such as VIP Chinese sci-tech periodical database, Wanfang data resource system, Superstar digital library, Elsevier database, etc. Generally, we can find relatively new literature, find a few "classic" articles and then "follow the trail" and pay attention to their references. High-quality academic articles usually do not ignore the mainstream and classic literature in this field. Secondly, we can find some earlier classical literature by using the foreign language back issue reading room of the school library. Third, some related documents can also be found by using national or provincial libraries or some scientific and technological information retrieval institutions. Fourthly, using the Internet, we can also get some information from some special websites. When writing a literature review, you can refer to the following steps: 1) First, carefully introduce the research at home and abroad related to your topic (first introduce the situation objectively and truthfully state the views of others), so as to understand the current research situation at home and abroad and what methods others have adopted to conduct research; 2) Then comment (after subjective discussion and evaluation) on the current research level, the applicability of research methods or its shortcomings; 3) Finally, comment on the significance of my research topic, what level I am currently in, and whether my research method is scientific and reasonable. 4. How to arrange the time reasonably According to the content to be studied and the research methods and means to be adopted, the work required for the research project is listed in detail (the finer the division of work, the easier it is to make overall arrangements). According to the total project time, make overall arrangements and make reasonable allocation. Some research contents are highly interrelated and need to be carried out step by step; Moreover, some research contents are not very relevant, so we can go hand in hand and carry out research at the same time. For example, many topics need experimental analysis, often after theoretical analysis or numerical simulation analysis, but experimental analysis often takes a long time. If the research is carried out step by step, it will often drag on for a long time. In this case, it is necessary to further refine the content of experimental analysis, such as sample preparation, experimental condition preparation, experiment, inspection or calibration. In theoretical analysis, we can carry out experimental work such as sample preparation and experimental condition preparation in advance. Reasonable arrangement of time is related to specific topics, and only guiding principles are given here. It is suggested that students can refer to the method of enterprise construction or maintenance plan, arrange detailed work in the time schedule, and find out the optimal work schedule. 5. References include books, periodicals, patents, conference papers, etc. , and the total number is generally not less than 10, of which there are generally not less than 3 foreign documents. References should reflect the new progress of scientific and technological development in related research fields. Second, the basic requirements and methods of graduation thesis writing 1, the basic requirements of graduation thesis The length of the thesis is about n words, generally not less than n pages. The main contents and arrangement order are as follows: 1) abstract; 2) Catalogue; 3) Foreword or introduction (including the purpose and significance of the research topic, the introduction of relevant materials, the work of predecessors, the research content of the topic, etc.). ); 4) Describe the steps, data and results of theoretical analysis, numerical analysis, program or experiment according to the internal logical relationship of the research; 5) Conclusion and prospect; 6) References. There are not less than n references, including not less than n English articles, and the source should be indicated in the article. 2. The writing method of graduation thesis is to explain the purpose, process, achievements and conclusions of the research on the basis of completing all the research contents. In the process of writing a thesis, the theoretical foundation should be sufficient, the data should be accurate, the formula derivation should be correct, and the knowledge and skills learned should be applied to the graduation thesis. In addition, we should pay attention to the rationality of the paper structure; The correctness and rationality of the mathematical model; Rationality of experimental scheme and accuracy of experimental data; Objectivity and scientificity of social investigation. Whether you have your own unique insights or innovations. In addition, when writing a paper, the concept should be clear, the content should be correct, the structure should be rigorous, the words should be fluent, the language should conform to the technical professional norms, the use of various standard materials should conform to the national standards of disciplines and professions, the charts should be clear, the drawing quality should meet the requirements, and the writing format should be standardized. Third, the graduation design requirements 1, the design specification content 1) literature review (the significance and role of the research topic, the principles and explanations for the determination of the research plan); 2) General structural design, technical scheme basis and principle description (including experimental flow diagram if there is any experiment); 3) Technical implementation process, process calculation, mechanical design, strength design and component structure design; 4) Selection and description of materials, manufacture, installation or maintenance of machines or equipment; 5) Conclusion, summary or special discussion. 2, the content of the design drawings, the requirements of the drawings, the length of the design specification is about n words, generally not less than n pages. Design drawings: refer to the drawings referred to in the mechanical design standards, and the specifications and standards of drawing shall be subject to the national standards. The total number of design drawings shall not be less than 2 A0 or 4 A 1 drawing. The phenomenon of drawing small pictures on big paper should be avoided or appropriately discounted. All drawings must have a frame and a title bar. The drawings should be reviewed by someone and signed in the "Review" column, and students should sign in the design column. Schematic diagram, program block diagram and flow chart, as well as some other diagrams that lose their meaning when words are thrown away, are not included. Drawings can be drawn by computer. Fourth, the paper (design) topic selection direction is detailed +wo talk guides you to complete the topic selection; Or help you complete a set of design content as required, with good quality and quantity.