Financial industry refers to a special industry dealing in financial commodities, including banking, insurance, trust, securities and leasing. The financial industry originated in the Babylonian temple in 2000 BC and the Greek temple in the 6th century BC. The financial industry has the characteristics of index, monopoly, high risk, interest dependence and high debt management.

Finance is a discipline that studies value judgments and laws. It mainly includes traditional financial theory and evolutionary financial theory.

Mankind has entered the financial age and society. So finance is everywhere, forming a huge system. The scope, branches and contents of finance are very extensive, such as currency, securities, banking, insurance, capital market, derivative securities, investment and wealth management, various funds (private placement and public offering), balance of payments, financial management, trade finance, real estate finance, foreign exchange management, risk management and so on.

The trend of interdisciplinary and innovative development in the financial field is very obvious, and many striking new frontier disciplines have emerged. For example, evolutionary finance is a frontier science between biology and finance, while evolutionary securities is a frontier discipline between biology and securities.