Structural adjustment should be made to the export tax rebate rate, and the export tax rebate rate should be appropriately reduced. That is, the tax rebate rate for products encouraged by the state is not reduced or less, the tax rebate rate for general export products is appropriately reduced, and the tax rebate rate for products restricted by the state and some resource products is reduced or cancelled. The adjusted export tax rebate rate is divided into five grades: 17%, 13%, 1 1%, 8% and 5%. According to the current export product structure, the average level of export tax rebate rate has dropped by about 3 percentage points. Increase the central government's support for export tax rebates. Since 2003, the incremental part of the central import value-added tax and consumption tax revenue has been used for export tax rebate first. Establish a new mechanism for the central and local governments to share the burden of export tax rebate, with the central government bearing 75% and local governments bearing 25%. Promote the reform of foreign trade system. We will speed up the system of self-export and foreign trade export agency for production enterprises, optimize the structure of export products, reduce export costs and improve the overall efficiency of export products. The accumulated tax arrears in previous years shall be borne by the central finance. Adjusting the export tax rebate policy is an important means to support foreign trade exports, which is widely used internationally and allowed by the rules of the World Trade Organization. This is an important measure for China to integrate with the international economy after its accession to the WTO. It has played a positive role in adjusting the structure of export commodities, improving the efficiency of foreign trade, and slowing down the national financial expenditure and the pressure of RMB appreciation. Judging from the foreign trade situation in our city, the adjustment of export tax rebate policy and mechanism reform have not only brought opportunities for the export enterprises in our city to speed up the adjustment, but also brought severe challenges to how to deal with it. 1. The new policy has brought new adjustment opportunities to foreign trade. According to the analysis of foreign trade in Zhuhai from June 5 to September 2003, the overall characteristics of our export trade are as follows: according to export performance, it can be divided into three categories: foreign-invested enterprises, foreign trade circulation enterprises and authorized production enterprises; Ordered by trade mode, it can be divided into general trade and processing trade; According to the key industries, it is divided into machinery, chemical industry, electronics, textile and light industry; According to the order of key products, it can be divided into dry and cold containers, stuffed plush toys, primary chemical raw materials, luggage and tourism supplies, tools and electromechanical products, knitted textiles and so on. The reform of export tax rebate mechanism and policy adjustment may bring three opportunities to export enterprises: 1, which is conducive to promoting the diversification of foreign trade structure. From June 5438 to September this year, the city's general trade exports amounted to 480 million US dollars, accounting for 62% of the city's total exports. Over the years, the proportion of general trade exports in our city is too high, which not only leads to the excessive dependence of enterprises on export tax rebates, but also hides huge exchange rate risks. General trade exports have the characteristics of "extensive, large-scale, traditional, resource-based, small profit margin, low technology content, low added value and no independent intellectual property rights", such as plush toys, primary chemical raw materials, luggage, tourism supplies, tools and mechanical and electrical products. The average profit rate of these export products is between 4- 10%, and almost all the product profits come from the existing 6548 in China. After the adjustment of export tax rebate policy, the cost of such export products will inevitably rise, which will inevitably prompt some export enterprises to adjust their foreign trade methods in various ways. Especially in labor-intensive industries and enterprises that win by quantity, the traditional business model will be impacted, and it is more necessary to actively respond to the international market demand and domestic policy adjustment. Therefore, the new export tax rebate policy will play a positive role in accelerating the pace of export-oriented economy and the diversified adjustment of trade structure in our city. List of adjustment of tax refund rate of export goods related to our city The name of export goods accounts for 41.2%17%13% of our export goods. Hardware tools, chemical raw materials, plastic products, shoes and toys accounted for 49.6% 15. 3.9% 17% 17% medical equipment 1.7%5% 13% 2. Conducive to improving the export product structure of our city. The adjustment of export tax rebate rate is actually a measure for the state to adjust the structure of export products by using tax as an economic lever. For a long time, the export products of our city are mainly traditional labor-intensive products. For example, there are nearly 100 export enterprises of various plush toys, more than 60 processing plants 160, and more than 50 export enterprises of luggage and tourism products. Because industries are relatively concentrated, products are similar, and the competition between enterprises and products is fierce, there will be a tendency to be sued for anti-dumping. After reducing the tax rebate rate of traditional industrial products, some enterprises with low technical level, poor product quality or even low-price competition will be forced to voluntarily withdraw from some industries and markets, which will help enterprises to improve the technical content of their products and take the road of technological transformation, technology introduction and brand management, thus improving the competitiveness of export products in the international market. 3. It is conducive to alleviating the financial shortage of export enterprises. In the reform of export tax rebate mechanism and policy adjustment, the state will increase financial support to ensure that "new accounts are not owed, and old accounts should be paid back". In this way, export enterprises can get the export tax rebate in time, thus speeding up the capital turnover of enterprises and greatly reducing the financing cost of enterprises. It can be predicted that with the implementation of the new mechanism of "central and local burden sharing", the financial shortage of export enterprises in our city will be effectively alleviated. According to statistics, by the end of September this year, the city owed 750 million yuan in tax refund. Compared with the same period of last year, the export tax payable by key export enterprises in this city has increased significantly. For example, Yangzhou Tongli and Yangzhou Yun Tong increased by about 4 times year-on-year, foreign trade companies of Tongyu Group increased by 75%, and Bora Company increased by 54%. The timely tax refund policy adopted by the state not only lightens the burden of interest subsidy on pledged loans for tax refund undertaken by municipal finance, but also reduces the difficulty of capital occupation and turnover of foreign trade enterprises. After the state gradually pays off debts and refunds taxes, the cash flow difficulties of enterprises will be improved or greatly improved, which is conducive to further expanding business and market. Second, the new policy has brought new and severe challenges to export enterprises. The impact of the export tax rebate mechanism reform and policy adjustment can be simply summarized as "five big and five small": that is, it has a greater impact on self-operated export business and a smaller impact on agency export business; It has great influence on general trade export and little influence on feed processing business; It has great influence on traditional low value-added products and little influence on high value-added products; It has a greater impact on Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and other regions with more demand for middle and low-grade products, and has a smaller impact on the European Union, the United States, Japan and other regions. According to the actual situation of Yangzhou's export enterprises, "five big and five small" has brought some unfavorable factors to some enterprises: 1, which has brought certain influence to the expansion of foreign trade. As labor-intensive traditional products account for more than 85% of China's export commodities, the tax rebate policy introduced this time is aimed at "reducing or canceling the tax rebate for traditional and resource products", which will undoubtedly have a certain impact on China's future foreign trade. According to the calculation of the authoritative department of the state, every decrease in the export tax rebate rate is equivalent to an increase in the export cost of 1 percentage point. According to the author's preliminary estimation, about 90% of our export products, except cars and parts (such as tankers and water tanks) and some agricultural products (such as poultry and wheat flour), are affected to varying degrees. If the tax rebate rate for export products is lowered by 3 percentage points, it will affect our export growth by 5-6 percentage points. 2. Although the export enterprises have relieved their recent worries, their long-term worries still exist. At the just-concluded 94th Canton Fair, many enterprises attached a clause that "the price will be adjusted accordingly with the change of tax rebate rate" when signing contracts with foreign countries. Objectively speaking, after the tax rebate rate of export commodities is reduced, although enterprises may get the tax owed in time, commodity prices and operating costs will become another difficult problem for enterprises after tax rate adjustment. In addition, with the recent rise in the prices of domestic raw materials such as metals, cotton and grain, the prices of export commodities will also rise with the increase in the production and operation costs of enterprises, which is a dilemma for occupying the international market. The dilemma we are facing objectively requires enterprises to consider the adjustment of export commodity structure to a strategic level, and at the same time adjust the export market. Over the years, enterprises have formed their own relatively stable commodities, markets and supply channels through operation. With the implementation of the new policy, these relatively stable commodities, markets and channels will undergo new changes, and the role of some invested export production bases will gradually weaken, which is facing new challenges for small and medium-sized enterprises. It is inconvenient for foreign trade companies to purchase and export from other provinces. According to the prediction of foreign trade experts, the implementation of the new tax rebate policy will probably lead to new market segmentation. After the national and local governments undertake incremental export tax rebates in different levels, it will undoubtedly bring inconvenience to professional foreign trade companies (foreign trade circulation enterprises) for inter-provincial acquisitions and export agents. For example, a foreign trade company in our city purchases products in other places and exports them in Yangzhou. The value-added tax revenue of this product is obtained by the local government, but 25% of the export tax rebate is borne by Yangzhou Municipal Finance. From June 5438 to September this year, the foreign trade circulation enterprises in our city exported a total of195 million US dollars, accounting for14 of the city's total exports, and nearly 4-5% of the products were purchased and exported from other places. Before the implementation of the new tax rebate policy, if the relevant supporting policies between provinces cannot be put in place in time, professional foreign trade companies may not get the export tax rebate, which will increase the burden of local finance, thus affecting the inter-provincial search for export agents and foreign trade acquisitions of many small and medium-sized enterprises in our city, and will also greatly dampen the enthusiasm of professional foreign trade companies. Iii. Countermeasures to be taken in the face of the adjustment of export tax rebate policy 1, and timely promote the diversification of trade methods. At present, foreign trade production enterprises should accelerate the development of various forms of foreign trade, including general trade, such as processing trade, three supplies and one supplement, while appropriately raising the selling price and shifting part of the burden. In particular, we should strive to implement the "going out" development strategy, vigorously develop processing trade, extend product production chain and value chain, increase profit links, and reduce and avoid foreign trade risks through overseas processing trade and the establishment of direct sales outlets, production workshops and factories. 2. Accelerate differentiated competition in the market. Foreign trade production enterprises should reasonably divide the proportion of domestic sales and export products, further optimize the structure of export products, improve the technical content of products, take the road of technological transformation, technology introduction, intelligence introduction and brand innovation, make efforts in internal management, after-sales service and market reputation, and effectively shift from low-price competition or even competitive price reduction to product diversification and market differentiation competition. At the same time, enterprises should turn to invest in high-tech products and industries in time to improve and maintain the competitiveness of export products. Foreign trade circulation enterprises should, while deepening the internal reform of enterprises, adjust the trade mode in time, change from acquisition system to agency system, increase the investment and construction of export production bases, and adhere to the road of integration of technology, industry and trade. 3. Adjust the product structure by seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages. Enterprises should face up to the new situation and new characteristics after the adjustment of export tax rebate policy, actively adapt to market demand in combination with the actual products of enterprises, and pay attention to adjusting business strategies and methods by opening up two markets at home and abroad. Governments at all levels should dare to let some small enterprises that regard price war as the only magic weapon automatically eliminate, strengthen the research and development of new products, and encourage the export of high value-added mechanical and electrical products and high-tech products. At the same time, actively guide the deep processing of export agricultural products, extend the industrial chain and increase the added value of export products. 4. Create a relaxed foreign trade environment. The government should fully understand the behavior of export enterprises to adjust their market sales and production plans in time; We should take the introduction of upstream and downstream supporting, high-tech and domestic-oriented products and industries as the focus of attracting investment in the future; Strengthen the declaration of export processing zones in our city, make full use of export processing zones as a powerful weapon, and "resist" the adverse effects brought about by the reform of export tax rebate mechanism and policy adjustment. In addition, the government should formulate more active encouragement policies, establish and improve export discount and foreign trade financing guarantee mechanisms, and introduce relevant supporting policies as soon as possible. At the same time, we should quickly assess the impact on the future utilization of foreign capital in our city.