Language is a tool for people to express their thoughts and feelings, and it is also a tool for people to write literature, news and so on. Since we love writing and want to succeed in this field, we must first master this tool. We should love the tools of our work as carpenters love axes and saws, painters love pigments and soldiers love weapons.

Many people who write articles, from middle school students to university professors, from journalists to writers, always feel that what I am writing now is different from what I say. I want to improve my language, express my sentences and write my article well. So I always want to make some fashionable sentences and look around. What about reality? Self-defeating, counterproductive. They don't understand that without spoken language and people's language, articles can't be accurate, vivid and vivid.

One report described the hero's rescue in the sea: "He braved the biting wind and jumped into the boiling sea with his frozen feet." This is a very confusing and inaccurate sentence, and the author will never say so when he speaks. This is called "putting on airs".

It is also reported that there is a saying that "he braved the filariasis in July and walked around the levee". "July filariasis" comes from the Book of Songs, which refers to the movement of stars in July in the summer calendar, not to the hot weather. It is wrong to call hot weather "fire in July". We never talk about it. We can say "braving the fire" or "braving the scorching sun". If we say, "How about I braved the filariasis in July ...", we will certainly be laughed at.

The famous essayist Zhu Ziqing's works in his later years are better than those in his early years. His works in his later years are more popular with readers. I love reading his works in his later years. What is the reason? I think it is very important to write articles as you said. The sentences in his early works are too embellished and artificial to read and understand. His works in his later years are simple, natural and approachable, so they are very popular with readers. This is an inspiration to our future generations.

Does it mean that there is no difference between spoken and written language? Not exactly. Articles are organized language. At this point, it can also be said that the article and the language are different. When we talk at ordinary times, we often speak wherever we want without thinking. Sometimes the language is incoherent or even inconsistent, and the sentences are illogical and ungrammatical. Some comrades spoke eloquently at the group meeting, while others recorded his words and read them carefully, only to find that the whole article was full of faults and lacked logic and science. Therefore, I have no objection to oral treatment. Moreover, I have always advocated that spoken language should be processed before it can be upgraded to written language.

The language used in newspapers and periodicals should be carefully scrutinized and considered repeatedly, and there is no need to spread false information. The language in newspapers and periodicals is often imitated by readers, so we should emphasize accuracy and standardization. Otherwise, it will cause confusion in language use.

For example, I once expressed my opinion in People's Daily that the expression "the best level" can be used in spoken language, but it is wrong to use it in newspapers and periodicals. "Horizontal" is the plane of water, which is always flat, with only high and low points, and no good or bad points. So it is irrational to say "the best level". But up to now, some newspapers still use the word "best level".

For another example, some newspapers are used to using the word "disapproval" when criticizing some people for taking a casual attitude towards things. This is also wrong. "Disapprove" means "don't think so" or "think wrong", not "don't care". From here, we can see again that we can't use spoken English casually.

However, when oral English is upgraded to written English, we must not forget its purpose and starting point, that is, to make readers understand it. When dealing with oral English, we should consider both standardization and popularization, so that it can be understood and understood by readers. Otherwise, this rise will lose its meaning!

Some words don't meet the requirements of written language, which are inaccurate and irregular, but they can't be changed once they are used to it. What is "convention"? Who agreed? I'm afraid it always starts with a few people saying something wrong and never corrects it, so it becomes a "cliche"! Therefore, don't use "convention" as a shield for language barriers. Standardized, can be standardized, try to standardize.

Language should be developing, and the standard of norms is not fixed, so it can't be done once and for all.

Talking about the Instructional Design of Language

learning target

Knowledge and ability:

1, clarify the structure of the article and master the content of the article.

2. Understand the basic principles of language use that linguists talk about.

3. Appreciate that the context of the article is clear and the arguments are clearly in place.

Process and method:

1. Cultivate and improve students' ability to summarize articles by guiding students to list the structural outline of articles.

2. Understand the basic principles of language use mentioned in this article and improve students' language expression ability.

Emotion, attitude and values: Educate students to love the language of the motherland.

Key points and difficulties in learning

Focus: appreciate the clear context of the article, clear arguments, and arguments in place.

Difficulty: What is the argument of this article?

learning method

Students read the text silently and get familiar with the content. Through discussion and cooperative exploration, the central argument of this paper is summarized, and the argumentation method adopted in this paper is mastered. Read the text aloud and feel the language features of the text.

learning process

First, create situations and introduce new lessons.

Listen to the story and find fault: Xiaohong wrote to his mother who works in other places: "dear mother, it's been a long time." It's really' I can't see Sanqiu for a day'! Now my grades are changing with each passing day, and my teacher's care for me is everywhere. ..... I wish you health, happiness and eternal life! " Find out the words you think are not used properly.

So, how can we use language correctly? Today, let's take a look at how the linguist Mr. Wang Li views this problem.

Second, self-reading sentiment, overall grasp

1, find a life profile author.

3. Read the text by yourself, clear the word barriers and accumulate words.

This is the dialogue equivalent to an academic lecture. Please read the text silently, clarify the context of the article, and grasp the structure and general idea of the article.

Fourth, cooperation and exchange, interpretation and exploration.

1, find out the examples of improper language use listed in the article.

2. Students are divided into two groups, A and B, and discuss the questions of the two levels of example sentences respectively, and try to answer them with the sentences in the text. (a left and b right)

3. Group A students study paragraphs 2 to 5, while Group B students study paragraphs 6 to 12. Then, they summed it up in the simplest language: What did Mr. Wang Li say about the use of written language? Write side by side on the blackboard.

Summarize the contents of these two sentences in concise language and choose the most beautiful sentence on the blackboard.

Five, to carry out jokes, Ming language disease competition.

Chinese is profound, but you should love your own language, use it carefully, and don't joke. Please think about it. Have you ever made a joke in your life or study? What you see and hear can also be discussed and exchanged in groups (or improvised), and then students are recommended to speak, and other students point out the problems. Comparison: Who tells the best jokes? Who is the expert in finding fault?

Sixth, in-class training:

Analyze the following sentences:

They don't understand that without spoken language and people's language, articles can't be accurate, vivid and vivid.

Seven, summarize and reflect, expand and extend.

The central point of this paper is that the article should pay attention to colloquialism and standardization. This argument is put forward through facts and reasoning. The author gives negative examples, such as some self-defeating examples without oral English, to illustrate how to write an article. The famous essayist Zhu Ziqing's works in his later years are more popular with readers, which proves that his works are simple, natural and approachable. The author illustrates the importance of oral English in article evaluation by talking about the harm of being divorced from oral English and giving positive and negative examples. Next, the author further suggests that article comments should be standardized on the basis of colloquialism. In order to demonstrate this view, the author lists two language errors in newspapers and magazines, indicating that the written language should be carefully scrutinized and carefully considered, and the mistakes should not be passed on from good to bad. The author also points out that the written language whose oral level is constantly improving should be standardized as much as possible.

Argumentative writing has three elements, namely argument, argument and argumentation. When reading an argumentative essay, we must grasp the arguments, arguments and arguments of the article. In addition, we should grasp the structure and language of the article.

An argumentative essay, whether it is an argument, a rebuttal or a combination of arguments, has clear arguments. Argumentative writing is the author's views and opinions on the issues discussed, and it is the soul of argumentative writing. Only by accurately grasping the arguments of the article can we understand the viewpoints and problems to be solved in the article. Argumentative essays generally have only one central argument, and some argumentative essays also put forward several sub-arguments around the central argument. It is not difficult to distinguish the central argument from the sub-argument. Sub-arguments are used to supplement or prove the central argument. As long as we study the relationship between these arguments, we can see which ones come from, which ones are outlines and which ones are purposes.

How to find the central argument from the article? Arguments should be clear judgments and the author's views. A complete statement should be a complete sentence in form, and the title of some articles is the central argument. Some articles put forward arguments at the beginning, some central arguments appear at the end of the article, some articles put forward central arguments in the process of discussion, and some articles are not very focused in expressing arguments and need to be summarized with clear sentences.

Facts and reasons are two basic forms of argument, and reason argument is often difficult to identify because it is closely related to the argument process.

When reading argumentative essays, we should also grasp the arguments. Through whom are the arguments and arguments in argumentative essays organized? Argumentation is the process and method of proving an argument with arguments, and it is the logical connection between arguments. Argumentation is to solve "what to prove", argument is to solve "what to prove" and argument is to solve "how to prove". There are many ways to demonstrate, and the common ones are: giving examples, giving conclusive and representative examples to prove the argument; Reasoning and argumentation, using the incisive opinions in the classic works of Marxism-Leninism, epigrams of famous people at home and abroad, and recognized theorem formulas to prove the argument; Contrast argument, compare positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove arguments in comparison; Metaphorical argument uses familiar things as metaphors to prove arguments. In refutation, we often use the refutation method of "attacking the shield with a spear of a son" and the "reduction to absurdity" of overthrowing the other party's argument by assuming that the other party's argument is correct and then drawing absurd conclusions. The above methods of argumentation and refutation are often used comprehensively in most argumentative papers. Knowing some methods of argumentative writing can improve reading ability of argumentative writing.

While grasping the arguments, arguments and arguments of argumentative writing, we should also pay attention to how the article combines these elements, which is to understand the structure of the article. Generally speaking, the most basic structure of an argumentative essay is to ask questions (introduction)-analyze questions (thesis)-solve problems (conclusion). It can be divided into two categories: one is the discourse structure, which is called "vertical"; The second is the discourse structure that develops side by side, which is called "horizontal". Various other structures are derived from these two structures. For example, it is mainly "horizontal" and has "general theory-sub-theory-general theory" style. First put forward the argument, then expound it from several aspects, and finally summarize it; There is a "general theory-sub-theory" type, which first puts forward arguments and then demonstrates them from several aspects; There is a kind of "divided theory-general theory" formula, which analyzes the problems to be discussed in several aspects and then summarizes the conclusions. Another example is the variant of "vertical", which begins with "from beginning to end", and the topic is broken, which leads to the discussion; Then, with the beginning, explain the problem discussed; "Turn" is to prove the argument from all angles; In the final analysis, it is "combination." To analyze the structure of argumentative writing, we should first understand the internal relationship between paragraph levels, and also pay attention to transitional paragraphs, transitional sentences and transitional words that serve as a link between the preceding and the following.

To master the language of argumentative writing, we should pay attention to understanding and summarizing rich keywords. The language of argumentative essays is often general, and the rich content is expressed in abstract words. When reading argumentative essays, we should grasp the key words in these key sentences and ponder over them repeatedly. A good argumentative essay can not only convince people with reason, but also affect people with emotion, and has a strong emotional color. Words are full of emotions and hit the floor. Appreciate this language carefully, and the author's views and opinions will be deeply left in our minds.