China pays more and more attention to air pollution control, but there are still some problems such as the strength of air pollution control needs to be strengthened, the control technology needs to be improved, and the effectiveness of public participation is insufficient. It is necessary to further strengthen China's air pollution control by improving relevant laws and regulations, improving the ability of control technology and strengthening public participation.

Keywords: air pollution; Governance technology; Regional collaborative governance; Public participation; Identification code of environmental protection document: a

China Library ClassificationNo.: X832 ArticleNo.:1009-2374 (2016) 22-0082-02 doi:10.13535/j.cnki./kloc-.

1 Present situation of air pollution control in China

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the improvement of urbanization level, the problem of air pollution in China has become increasingly prominent, which has attracted the attention of the government and the public. In the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the production mode with high pollution and high energy consumption is one of the causes of urban air pollution. Our government has taken a series of measures and promulgated relevant policies and regulations to control air pollution. On September 20 12, the State Council approved the Emergency Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Key Areas (for Trial Implementation), and on September 20 13, the State Council issued the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution. The newly revised Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, which was implemented on June 65, 438+06 +438+01October 65, solicited opinions from all sectors of society during the revision process, and made clearer and stricter provisions on pollutant discharge. Through the implementation of some policies such as energy saving and emission reduction, new energy application, air pollution has been controlled to a certain extent, and air quality has improved, but there are still some problems.

2 air pollution control issues

2. 1 air pollution control needs to be strengthened.

The government has taken various measures to control air pollution, but there are still some imperfections in the relevant laws, regulations and incentive policies for air pollution control. A perfect air pollution control system can mobilize all forces to cooperate and control each other. However, an imperfect legal system is not binding on all parties. In recent years, China has promulgated a series of laws and regulations on the prevention and control of air pollution, stipulating the prevention and control standards, planning for reaching the standards and supervision and management of air pollution prevention and control. However, China's air pollution-related laws and regulations still need to be improved, expanded and revised. At present, the legal system of air pollution control is not perfect enough, which brings certain difficulties to the actual law enforcement process. At present, the penalties for illegal emissions are mainly administrative law enforcement, fines and other means, and there is no long-term restraint mechanism. In addition, the incentive mechanism of independent energy saving and emission reduction of enterprises is not perfect. Enterprises can be encouraged to control air pollution through taxation, loans and government procurement. However, China's current economic-based pollution control mechanism is not perfect, and enterprises lack the motivation to reduce pollution from the internal technical level. At present, the government has begun to try regional joint defense in air pollution control. The mobility of air between regions also brings difficulties to the supervision and management of air pollution. Through the cooperation between governments, the construction of major environmental protection-related projects in the region will be planned in a unified way, and air pollution incidents in the region will be jointly enforced, so as to realize the coordinated control of air pollution in the region through government cooperation. The coordinated control of air pollution is still in its infancy, and the division of powers and responsibilities between local governments should be guaranteed by relevant laws, and a reasonable institutional system should be established to promote joint prevention and control of regional air pollution.

2.2 governance technology needs to be improved.

The control of air pollution needs technical support, and advanced and effective air detection technology is needed to monitor air quality indicators in time. At present, the detection of air pollution is often limited by the level of capital and technology, and the most advanced and time-saving equipment and technology are not adopted, which affects the timeliness of detection and is not conducive to law enforcement departments to take timely measures to deal with illegal emissions.

The control and improvement of air pollution requires not only the external supervision of the government, but also the improvement of internal technology of enterprises. Through advanced technology, improve the material utilization rate and waste gas treatment capacity, and realize energy saving and emission reduction of enterprises. This requires enterprises to invest a lot of time and manpower in technology research and development, and at the same time, technology research and development, the introduction of foreign advanced waste gas treatment technology, and the absorption of outstanding scientific research personnel all need a lot of financial support. Because some small and medium-sized enterprises are relatively small in scale and lack sufficient manpower and funds for technology research and development and improvement, it is difficult for them to upgrade their technology. It is difficult to reduce exhaust emissions by improving energy efficiency through technological progress. The development of these enterprises needs the strong support of the government.

2.3 the effectiveness of public participation is insufficient

The governance of air pollution also needs to improve strong public participation and social supervision. It is not enough to supervise enterprises only by the administrative supervision of the government, but also by the power of society. Supervision by non-governmental organizations and citizens is an effective way to improve enterprise pollution. Especially with the help of the news media platform, public opinions can be transmitted more quickly and effectively, related events can be fully discussed, and opinions and opinions on air pollution-related events and policies can be expressed, which is helpful to the formulation of government policies and the supervision of air pollution. However, due to the lack of information disclosure, the system of disclosing air quality information to environmental protection organizations and the public is not perfect, and it is not easy for the public to obtain air quality information. At the same time, due to the imperfect system, the public's supervision on illegal sewage enterprises is limited, and the effectiveness of public participation is insufficient, which weakens public supervision to some extent.

3 Countermeasures and suggestions for air pollution control

3. 1 Improve relevant laws and regulations on air pollution control.

A perfect legal system is a necessary prerequisite for controlling air pollution. While further improving and amending the air pollution prevention and control law and the environmental protection law, it is also necessary to formulate more detailed special laws and regulations to enhance the operability of laws and regulations. Moreover, it is necessary to improve the relevant laws on public participation in air pollution control and provide legal protection for public participation in air pollution control. The government should increase the punishment for enterprises that violate the relevant laws and regulations on atmospheric protection and illegally discharge waste gas, causing serious pollution. There are laws to follow, and law enforcement must be strict. In addition, in the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution, the government should formulate a perfect regional cooperation governance mechanism, coordinate the relationship between stakeholders in regional cooperation, and explore the effective promotion of this model.

As a kind of public goods, air pollution control enterprises need the strong support of the government. The government can provide policy, financial and technical support for enterprises by various economic means. The government can encourage the development of enterprises with high technology and less pollution through the inclination of funds, give priority to the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries, provide them with financial support and tax relief, so as to encourage them to further develop new technologies, continuously improve the technical level of energy-saving and environmental protection, protect the environment while developing the economy, and further promote the green development of other industries. By learning foreign experience, help enterprises introduce and learn their advanced technology, standardize pollution emission standards and improve monitoring technology.

3.2 Improving the ability of treatment technology is an important way to reduce air pollution. The government should strengthen the concept of building a service-oriented government and pay more attention to environmental protection while developing local economy. Increase the capital and manpower investment in air control testing technology, introduce and learn from foreign mature testing technology and management system, and implement the responsibility of monitoring air quality. With the support of national policies and funds, enterprises should establish the concept of circular economy and clean production, undertake corporate social responsibility, and combine the development of enterprises with the development of society to achieve sustainable development. At the same time, enterprises should realize the importance of innovation ability, especially technological innovation, to improve their core competitiveness, attach importance to technology research and development, actively reduce pollution and energy consumption, and establish the concept of long-term development and green development.

Enterprises should attach importance to R&D department and improve the level of innovation. Enterprises should pay attention to the comprehensive reuse of waste gas in the production process and the filtration of harmful gases in the discharge process, constantly update the production process and use clean energy. At the same time, we attach importance to the cultivation of technical talents. Pollution control needs professional technicians, and enterprises should improve their professional technology and research ability through the introduction of external talents and the cultivation of internal talents. Scientific and technological talents drive scientific and technological innovation, and then improve the economic benefits of air pollution control in enterprises.

3.3 Strengthen public participation

Individual citizens are the ultimate beneficiaries of air pollution control, and air pollution control is closely related to every citizen. For air pollution control, the government should also give full play to the power of the masses, establish a good bottom-up channel, and encourage and strengthen public participation in air pollution control. Publicize information in a timely and effective manner through websites and press conferences. Inform the public about air quality, government testing data, relevant government policies and regulations, and air protection actions, so that the public can more conveniently grasp relevant information and participate in air quality supervision. Before the major decision-making plan of air pollution comes out, the government should solicit public opinions extensively, listen to public needs and respond to public questions in time. In addition, we should use the power of the public to supervise enterprises, form a good consumption environment, encourage consumers to support enterprises that consciously protect the environment, supervise enterprises that illegally discharge pollutants, and urge enterprises to pay attention to environmental protection.

It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of knowledge related to air pollution control, raise the public's awareness of the dangers of air pollution, help the public understand and cooperate with the government's rules and regulations on air pollution control, and provide good conditions for the public to participate in air pollution control and supervision. In addition, non-governmental environmental protection organizations are also a powerful force to control air pollution. Environmental protection organizations can mobilize and rely on the public to protect and improve the atmospheric environment and promote the rapid development of air pollution control. By formulating appropriate policies, we will support and standardize the development of non-governmental environmental protection organizations and play their role in environmental publicity and education, environmental protection activities and environmental public interest litigation.