Marxism is a truth, so it is scientific. At the same time, Marxism is "human" knowledge, which contains rich humanistic thoughts, has the value of humanistic care, and is the organic unity of science and value. Therefore, the teaching of Introduction to the Basic Principles of Marxism (hereinafter referred to as the "Principles" course) should closely focus on the main line of the basic principles of Marxism, reveal the scientific nature of the development law of human society, and at the same time focus on the purpose of the basic principles of Marxism, that is, to realize the liberation of the proletariat and all mankind and reflect the value of humanistic care. However, in actual teaching, people often pay more attention to revealing the scientific side of the course "Principles" rather than excavating its humanistic spirit. Based on many years' teaching experience, the author analyzes this problem from the holistic perspective of "Principles" course teaching, and tries to explore the "collaborative" thematic teaching mode. This has a certain reference function for the related research on the transformation from teaching material system to teaching system.

First, the unity of science and value: the foothold of "principle" teaching

The course "Principles" takes what is Marxism, why we should always adhere to Marxism and how to adhere to and develop Marxism as the theme, and takes the understanding of the basic laws of human social development as the main line, focusing on the Marxist world outlook and methodology [1] (that is, "one theme", "one main line" and "one focus"), and systematically expounds the basic principles of Marxism. In the six years since the establishment of the course "Principles", the Ministry of Education and various provinces (cities) have held many training courses for teachers of the course, organized and produced the whole teaching demonstration film of "Wonderful Lesson" of the course, and compiled a series of teaching AIDS matching with the unified textbooks. A number of famous teachers and excellent teaching teams have emerged in colleges and universities. These practices have greatly promoted the transformation from the textbook system to the teaching system and achieved good results. However, in the process of this transformation, we still stay in the "translation" stage of teaching materials.

From the perspective of overall education, Marxist theory course is both scientific and valuable. Therefore, teachers should ensure the unity of the two in teaching. In the teaching process, any one-sided and dismembered interpretation is not conducive to truly understanding and grasping the spiritual essence of Marxism [2]. As far as the current teaching situation is concerned, only the scientific clue of "understanding the basic laws of human social development" is taken as the main line, and the value of "Principles" course is not emphasized enough, which is mainly caused by the following two reasons.

First of all, the understanding of the integrity of the basic principles of Marxism is not deep enough. Marxism takes the liberation of the proletariat and all mankind as its value pursuit, and the unity of humanistic spirit and scientific spirit is the perspective of understanding the basic principles of Marxism as a whole. The author believes that in teaching, we should not only grasp the clue of "scientificity", but also reflect the clue of "value" of humanistic care. One is an open line and the other is a dark line, which complement each other. At present, when teachers teach Principles, they are only limited to knowledge-based teaching, which will bring the following two problems: First, if they only organize teaching around the scientific nature of Marxism, it will violate the overall requirements of Marxism and make students' understanding of Marxism deviate, making them mistakenly think that Marxist theory does not attach importance to people and does not reflect the idea of humanistic care. Second, it can't be linked with the theoretical achievements of Marxism in China. Scientific Outlook on Development, the latest theoretical achievement of Marxism in China, is in the same strain as Marxism. It is not only the embodiment and guarantee of the scientific nature of Marxism, but also highlights the value of Marxism. The people-oriented thought in the basic principles is the theoretical origin of people-oriented. If we only highlight the scientific side of Marxism and ignore its value side, students will not be able to deeply understand why Scientific Outlook on Development's core is "people-oriented" and contemporary China Marxism will become passive water.

Secondly, the teacher's knowledge structure does not meet the overall requirements of the textbook. In the process of transforming the textbook system into the teaching system, teachers play an important role-the organizer and leader of teaching. However, for a long time in the past, we did not set up a relatively independent first-class discipline of Marxist theory, but studied the three components of Marxism in different categories. Although the setting of different disciplines can strengthen the research of different disciplines, the knowledge structure of trained talents is single. Everyone has different perspectives on the basic principles from different research directions, and the result is that they cannot grasp the basic principles as a whole. In order to comprehensively improve the teaching quality of "Principles"

Teachers' theoretical literacy, education departments at all levels have held various training courses to train teachers in rotation, but this problem is caused by historical reasons, and its influence will still exist for some time.

Second, the unity of science and value: the inherent requirement of "principle" teaching

The integrity of Marxism is a prominent feature of Marxist theoretical research and discipline construction, and it is its lifeline [3]. Strengthening the study of the integrity of Marxism is the focus of theoretical research after the establishment of the first-level discipline of Marxist theory.

First of all, adhering to the unity of science and value is the requirement of Marxist theory itself. Marxism is "a whole piece of steel", which requires integrating the three components and grasping the internal logical relationship between them. Marxism not only correctly reveals the objective laws of nature and human society, but also analyzes the internal contradictions of capitalism, points out the historical inevitability of capitalism's demise and transformation to a new society, and establishes * * * productism as the highest social ideal of mankind. Science has solved the mystery of human history. It pursues not only truth, but also goodness and beauty. Therefore, the basic requirement in teaching is to adhere to the integrity of Marxist theory itself, regard it as the unity of truth and value, and correctly understand the dialectical relationship between science and value, that is, science is the premise and foundation of value, and value is the inevitable destination of science.

Secondly, adhering to the unity of science and value is the basic requirement of "principle" teaching. Teaching itself is a dynamic and creative teaching process, and teachers deal with textbooks instead of sticking to them. This requires teachers to grasp the basic content and spirit of the teaching materials, focus on the teaching materials instead of separating from them, and at the same time, be superior to the teaching materials according to theoretical logic, students' cognitive logic and real life logic, so as to enhance the pertinence, reality and appeal of classroom teaching.

Thirdly, it is the fundamental requirement of college students' ideological and political education to adhere to the unity of science and value. "Principles" course is an important part of the "05 New Scheme" of ideological and political theory course in colleges and universities, and plays a fundamental role in the new curriculum system [1]. Therefore, we should accurately grasp the positioning of the course "Principles". The course of ideological and political theory should not be limited to imparting knowledge, but should preach, teach and dispel doubts, and cultivate students' scientific values. The course of Principles should focus on the basic stand, viewpoint and method of Marxism, help students to establish a scientific world outlook and grasp the scientific content and spiritual essence of Marxism as a whole. In classroom teaching, we should embody the scientific nature of the basic principles of Marxism and pay attention to cultivating students' humanistic spirit. This kind of teaching has not only the knowledge education of scientific truth revealed by Marxism, but also the cultivation of distinct value judgment ability, which is conducive to guiding students to analyze major social problems in reality by using Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods, and making them firm in their ideals and beliefs. Finally, adhering to the unity of science and value is also the need to promote the popularization of Marxism. "Principles" course is the main channel for college students to understand and master the basic principles of Marxism. The course "Principles" helps college students to clarify the following questions from the perspective of basic theory: What is Marxism? Why study Marxism? How to uphold and develop Marxism? Only by deeply understanding the spiritual essence and scientific connotation of Marxism can teachers interpret Marxism in a panoramic way in teaching, convince people with reason, move people with emotion and stress the effect.

The author believes that the teaching of "Principles" should not only highlight the scientific nature of Marxism, but also highlight the value of humanistic spirit. Integrating teaching materials based on this concept can reflect the spiritual essence and requirements of Marxist theory. The establishment of this teaching system can make students agree with the scientific nature of the theory and strengthen the ideal and belief of productism.

Third, "cooperative" theme teaching: an effective form of the unity of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit

Teaching system is the re-creation of teaching material system, and it is the key link for teaching material content to enter students' minds. "Principles" teachers should take textbooks as the carrier, choose appropriate teaching forms, and effectively convey Marxist theory to students. "Collaborative" thematic teaching is an effective form. The purpose of carrying out thematic teaching is not to replace systematic teaching, but to focus on problems, refine important and difficult points and integrate teaching materials [4]. When using thematic teaching, we should grasp the following three problems: First, the thematic design should focus on the spiritual essence of the basic principles of Marxism and integrate the contents of teaching materials. Second, follow the overall teaching concept and adhere to the combination of science and value. Third, thematic teaching can not replace systematic teaching, but should be carried out as a part of the whole teaching, interspersed after each teaching unit.

Based on the requirement of the unity of science and value, the author designed three special topics. The first topic: the scientific spirit and its value appeal in Marxist historical materialism. Marxism is based on the scientific spirit and highly unified with it. The ultimate destination of Marxist theory is "man". It is precisely because of the scientific grasp of the development law of human society that we regard human liberation as the fundamental value appeal. The second topic: the humanistic spirit contained in the basic principles of Marxism. Marxism has thoroughly criticized capitalism on the basis of scientifically revealing the development law of human society. This topic is intended to systematically teach the basic principles of Marxist political economy in the fourth and fifth chapters of the textbook, and further reveal the inevitability of the occurrence, development and replacement of capitalism by socialism from the perspective of humanistic spirit. The third topic: the humanistic spirit of Marxism in contemporary China. Promoting scientific development, promoting social harmony and realizing the all-round development of human beings are the essential attributes and requirements of socialism. Interpreting the socialist core value system with the part of scientific socialism is helpful to constantly improve the scientific system in practice and deepen the understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development.

To this end, we set up a special teaching group to give special lectures. The special teaching group consists of famous teachers and specialized "principle" teachers, and its main task is to organize and implement special lectures. The foundation of theme teaching is the results provided by teaching research and theme deepening research. Special lectures are interspersed in systematic teaching, and its basic process is: introduction → the first teaching unit (chapters 1, 2 and 3) → the first topic → the second teaching unit (chapters 4 and 5) → the second topic → the third teaching unit (chapters 6 and 7) → the third topic. At the end of each unit and topic teaching, students are required to write down their own learning experience to check and reflect on the teaching effect.

In a word, thematic teaching is an effective carrier to realize the transformation from "principle" teaching material system to teaching system. According to the requirements of the teaching task of Principles, it is helpful to better complete the teaching task and improve the teaching effect by integrating the scientificity and value of the basic principles of Marxism and exploring new ways of transformation.