The first paper on rebellious psychology
An analysis of college students' rebellious psychology
Abstract: rebellious psychology refers to the social attitude of strong resistance when the object can not meet the needs of the subject. Although contemporary college students have not yet entered the society, they look at life and society with a brand-new eye. However, their age, psychology, way of thinking, social experience and social practice are far from social development, showing an inadaptability and often being in a state of confusion and anxiety, so college students are prone to rebellious psychology. We should have a correct realistic attitude towards college students' rebellious psychology.
Keywords: college students' rebellious psychology, ideological and political work
? Rebellious psychology? This word has been widely popular in recent years, which has aroused people's general concern. When it comes to college students' rebellious psychology, you can cite many examples. For example, for the propaganda of advanced figures, their reaction is not only indifference, but even offensive or even demeaning to propagandists and propagandists; When you see a commercial. Cheap and good quality? So, what is the first reaction of many people? The quality of this commodity must be inferior? Others said:? I hate him when I see him, and I feel bad when I hear him? These are all manifestations of rebellious psychology.
What is the essence of rebellious psychology? There is a lot of controversy at present. It can be said that different people have different opinions. Among all kinds of opinions about rebellious psychology, the explanation of Psychological Dictionary basically reveals its essential attribute, which is relatively standard: rebellious psychology is a psychological activity with strong resistance when the objective environment does not meet the needs of the subject. ? In other words, rebellious psychology refers to the social attitude of showing strong resistance when the object does not meet the needs of the subject. Further analysis, it has the following characteristics:
First, from the structural point of view, rebellious psychology is the organic unity of cognition, emotion and behavioral tendency. The cognitive component of rebellious psychology refers to the perception, understanding and evaluation of rebellious objects; Emotional component refers to the resistance to the rebellious object, that is, people are disgusted or disgusted with the rebellious object; Behavioral tendency refers to the intentional behavior of the rebellious object, that is, the state of readiness for rebellious behavior. Among the three, the cognitive component of rebellious psychology is the foundation. If we don't know whether the objective environment meets the individual's needs, it is impossible to have corresponding emotions and behavioral tendencies. Resistance is the main component and often plays a leading role. When the rebellious psychology is formed, as long as the rebellious object appears, the subject will often make the cognitive and behavioral tendencies obey it, thus maintaining the balance between knowledge, emotion and meaning in the whole attitude.
Secondly, from the characteristics, rebellious psychology is the organic unity of social dependence and relative independence. Like other social psychology, rebellious psychology has two basic characteristics: on the one hand, it depends on the object it reflects, that is, social existence, on the other hand, it has relative independence. Rebellious psychology is restricted by social existence. It is produced when the objective existence does not meet the needs of the subject, and it is not without reason. If the demand is met, it will not be produced. On the other hand, rebellious psychology is not a simple passive reflection of human social existence, but a dynamic reflection after processing and transformation.
Thirdly, from the functional point of view, rebellious psychology can be divided into positive and negative. Now there is a tendency that when it comes to rebellious psychology, it is either good or bad, or even a kind of abnormal psychology. It is obviously wrong to say that rebellious psychology is a kind of abnormal psychology, because rebellious psychology is the normal reflection of the human brain on some objective things, and any normal social member may produce it. As for the evaluation of rebellious psychology, it depends on the specific situation. It is incorrect and meaningless to talk about its positive or negative in the abstract. Its standard is to see whether a rebellious psychology can correctly reflect objective things.
College students have been paid special attention by psychologists, educators and parents. From the age of eighteen to twenty-one and twenty-two, it is an important period for college students to fully mature physically, develop their knowledge and feelings rapidly, and finalize their ideals, beliefs and world outlook. At this stage, due to the imbalance between physical maturity and psychological maturity and the influence of self-cognition, the psychological development of college students presents a complex and contradictory situation, and the rebellious psychological performance is very prominent.
The first is negative thinking and positive publicity. A considerable number of college students' propaganda to schools, leaders and teachers shows a negative thinking of disapproval and distrust. They often use some individual unfair facts in society to completely deny positive propaganda. Similarly, some college students cannot proceed from the overall situation, grasp the reality from a certain height, unilaterally exaggerate some imperfections of the socialist system and some advantages of the capitalist system, and sometimes even carry out intentional or unintentional negative propaganda.
The second is to deny role models and advanced figures for no reason. In the process of education, many educators and parents hope to educate and infect college students through the touching stories of advanced figures, so as to mobilize their enthusiasm and achieve the purpose of encouraging underachievers. But the result is often counterproductive. Some advanced figures are said to be seeking fame? Speculator? Or? Fool? Some people doubt the motives of these advanced figures for no reason, and then deny their advanced deeds. For the role model around you, that's called? Kiss up? Be rejected and laughed at.
Third, there is emotional recognition of bad tendencies. In some college students, fighting is regarded as courage; Open confrontation with teachers and leaders is regarded as capable; Bad behavior tendencies such as buddy loyalty have won the recognition of many people. However, those college students who are ready to help others, care for the collective, care for public property, and abide by the school rules and regulations are wantonly satirized, resulting in the situation that good deeds are not praised, bad tendencies have a market, and positive trends do not suppress evil and promote good. For example, there is a classmate A in my class, because he is more concerned about classmate B who is chatting with his girlfriend, which leads to the dissatisfaction of classmate B and thus conflicts. The two sides also agreed to find a time and place to solve this problem privately. Fortunately, I learned about this situation through other students, found A and B students to mediate in time, and finally resolved the contradiction between the two students. At that time, I was asked why a classmate didn't tell the teacher and let the teacher solve the contradiction. A's answer was to tell the teacher that it was a primary school student. Now that you have grown up, you should solve the problem by yourself, no matter what way.
Educators should correctly treat college students' rebellious psychology. First of all, we should realize that rebellious psychology is a cross-cultural social psychological phenomenon, which existed in the past, exists now and will appear in the future. As long as the root causes exist, they will inevitably arise. Therefore, we should treat the rebellious psychology among college students calmly. Secondly, we should correctly analyze the nature of rebellious psychology. Although rebellious attitude is a very contradictory attitude, positive rebellious attitude is a mirror. If it can be used and guided correctly, it can not only receive good educational effect, but also promote the ways and methods of improving our educational work. We should attach importance to the cause analysis, overcome, correct and educate the negative and rebellious psychology among college students. Put forward the following suggestions:
First, strive to enhance the trust of college students. To solve this problem, educators, especially ideological and political workers need to do a lot of hard and creative work. We should not look at new problems with old eyes, but reform and update the contents and methods of education according to the characteristics of college students in 2 1 century, and strive to overcome the sameness, sameness and sameness of publicity and education. False, big and empty? . We should seek truth from facts, improve our work style and strive to educate, guide and meet the political expectations of college students. At the same time, ideological and political workers should give full play to the role of non-power factors and enhance the trust of college students. In an environment full of trust, help college students to establish a correct thinking mode and a stable psychological system, and lay a psychological foundation for overcoming rebellious psychology.
Second, carry out scientific ideological and moral education. Science education should be carried out according to the law of the formation and development of college students' ideological morality and the characteristics of physical and mental development. First of all, we should realize that college students are in a period of rapid physical and mental development. During this period, they will have five peaks: physical peak, intellectual peak, social demand peak, creativity peak and extraordinary behavior peak. These five peaks reflect five psychological characteristics of college students: aggressive, curious, fickle, active and suspicious. Accordingly, there will be three major contradictions: the contradiction between the independence, criticism, extensiveness and flexibility of thinking and the traditional way of thinking and orthodox thought; The contradiction between the independence of self-consciousness and social dependence; The contradiction between strong need and morality, legal concept and social material and cultural conditions. Only by understanding these contradictions and being good at adjusting and handling them can we avoid the emergence of rebellious psychology.
Third, we should attach importance to the self-education of college students and mobilize their own enthusiasm. Suhomlinski, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, said: Real education is self-education. Education is forcing people to think about themselves. ? Cohen also said that when he talked about self-education in Self. It is impossible to teach others the highest value of life. Everyone should educate themselves. What he can do is to help him know more about the world around him and himself, become himself, and realize something better than what he has. ? Cohen's exposition perfectly shows that the best way to overcome rebellious psychology is self-education, which is irreplaceable by others.
In short, in the process of the formation of college students' self-awareness, rebellious psychology is a very common phenomenon, which has a noticeable influence on college students' psychological development. In the current educational practice, especially in the ideological and political education of college students, it is more and more important to effectively deal with the rebellious psychological problems of college students. Because of the diversity and universality of college students' rebellious psychology, it is not easy to eliminate college students' rebellious psychology. The key is that educators should correctly treat college students' rebellious psychology and seize the favorable opportunity to conduct comprehensive and meticulous education, which will certainly get twice the result with half the effort.
The second paper on rebellious psychology
On students' rebellious psychology
Rebellious psychology is a psychological state in which teenagers adopt attitudes and words contrary to common sense in order to maintain their self-esteem. With the enhancement of teenagers' sense of independence and self-awareness, they will be eager to get rid of the control of adults. In order to show their maturity and independence, or worry that others will ignore their existence, they often use confrontational words and deeds and attitudes to highlight and confirm themselves and criticize everything. This psychological state is more obvious among middle school students.
First, students' rebellious performance
Rebellious psychology can occur in different stages of teenagers' growth process, and there are many forms of expression, which often occur between students and teachers? Objection? To prove yourself? Smart? 、? Extraordinary? Phenomenon, which is a typical manifestation of rebellious psychology. In addition, there are negative thoughts of disapproval and distrust of positive propaganda; Unreasonable doubts about advanced figures and role models, or even fundamental denial; With the feeling of identifying with bad tendencies, drink their colors; Negative resistance, contempt and confrontation to ideological education and discipline; Some students regard respecting teachers as? Flatterer? ; Report to the teacher to help students make progress. Isn't it fun to betray a friend? ; Take discipline as a pawn? Lack of rebellious spirit? ; Think of discouraging classmates from fighting as? Being friends is not good enough, is it? ; How to treat studying hard and serving everyone? Fool, don't know the value of life? Wait a minute.
Secondly, there are subjective and objective reasons for students' rebellious psychology.
Subjectively, there are three factors that lead to students' rebellious psychology. First, it is caused by objective changes in students' psychological development. Middle school students in psychology? Transition period? Their sense of independence and self-awareness is increasing day by day, and they are eager to get rid of the guardianship of adults. They object to adults thinking of themselves as? So, is it right to change all the dependence of adolescence on adults and always want to pretend to be adults in order to express themselves? Extraordinary? Tend to find fault with everything. It is precisely because they feel or worry that the outside world ignores their independent existence that they are established through various means and methods? Self? Emotions opposed to the outside world. Second, it is influenced by students' internal comprehensive psychological factors. Comprehensive psychological factors mainly refer to students' strong sense of independence, excessive emphasis on themselves, driven by curiosity and extreme view of problems, which are the important reasons for students' rebellious psychology. In the process of education, with the increase of knowledge and experience, the development of cognitive style, especially the independence and critical development of thinking, the sense of independence is constantly enhanced. They began to measure right and wrong independently with their own knowledge and views on various issues in social life and books, and to judge right and wrong with their own wisdom; Teachers and parents often like to treat their teaching critically, and some conclusions in books will be questioned. In addition, they are less conservative and imaginative, and often put forward some ideas and practices that are different or even contrary to those of teachers in their studies, and are willing to try some new practices that are impossible or unnecessary for educators. They have strong curiosity, thirst for knowledge and spirit of exploration. The more things they can't get, the more they want. The more things they can't touch, the more they want to touch. Especially for those closed and imprisoned things, yearning is more urgent, so that the more you don't let me know, the more I want to know. The third is the influence of students' cognitive level deviation. In the process of cognitive development, students' thinking independence and criticism have developed, but they are still immature. In addition, they lack experience and don't know how to look at problems from a historical and dialectical perspective. Cognitive deviation is large, and they are prone to one-sidedness, extreme views, stubborn and extreme. These students have high self-esteem, but sometimes they can't properly safeguard their dignity. Especially when they are frustrated and failed repeatedly, they may be depressed, give up on themselves and appear weak-willed; Ignore the help of teachers and classmates, and even take the persuasion and warning of educators as? Tube, card, pressure? It is regarded as nitpicking, mocking yourself and hurting your self-esteem, so you put yourself on the opposite side of educators, and then you have a rebellious mentality.
Objectively speaking, the improper reliability of educators, educational means, methods and places often leads to students' rebellious psychology. There are several common situations: the requirements of educators are divorced from the original needs of students; When making demands, take coercive or offensive ways to students' personality; The improper handling of problems by educators has dampened students' self-esteem; Educators' educational methods are unreasonable, not teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, but across the board; Educators' own words and deeds are different, which reduces their prestige. Teachers disgust students when doing positive education, which in turn leads to students' rebellious psychology. In addition, some negative factors of family and society will directly or indirectly promote students' rebellious psychology.
Third, treat students' rebellious psychological phenomenon correctly.
In the process of education, students' rebellious psychology exists objectively, and people can't eliminate or change this psychological phenomenon at will. Therefore, the rebellious psychology should be analyzed in two parts, which can neither be completely affirmed nor completely denied. First of all, educators should be able to tolerate, affirm and encourage students' correct rebellious psychological phenomena (such as the subject's dissatisfaction and resistance to inappropriate personality, false content, rude means and one-sided thinking methods). Because in a sense, this rebellious psychological phenomenon is a catalyst for scientific development, social progress and individual healthy growth.
Secondly, educators should dare to deny students' bad rebellious psychological phenomena (such as the subject's resistance and opposition to the requirements of correct and scientific objective environment); At the same time, we should be good at persuasion, weaken or even correct this rebellious psychological phenomenon, so as to achieve the purpose of upholding the truth and correcting mistakes.
Second, educators should be good at preventing and overcoming negative and rebellious psychology among students. As an educator, we must understand students' mentality in time, stimulate their inner needs, be good at grasping educational opportunities, and cultivate students' good psychological quality with superb educational art. Specifically, we should do the following:
1, educators should always understand students' mentality and its changes from their behaviors and emotional reactions, and explore? Highlights? Seize the opportunity of education. Generally speaking, students are in a state of psychological imbalance and even violent conflict, and they are eager to solve contradictions and conflicts and achieve psychological balance. This is a good opportunity for education. For example, when self-esteem is hurt and you want to improve yourself, when you are frustrated and unwilling to fail, when you feel guilty about your mistakes, and so on. If we can guide in time, we can eliminate negative self-care and turn it into positive, so as to achieve a higher level of psychological balance.
2. According to the actual situation of students' different personalities, as well as different times, conditions and situations, we should use persuasion, example, moral evaluation and other methods to guide them positively. It is important to improve their understanding and make them master correct ideas, viewpoints and methods.
3. Carry forward the positive factors and overcome the negative ones.
4. Have a good educational mentality. Educators should care about every student, fully respect and trust them, control their anger when encountering accidental events or students' rude words and deeds, treat them coldly rationally, be good at waiting for problems that can't be figured out for a while, and believe that they will wake up.
5. Pay attention to psychological counseling and try to control negative rebellious psychology. In the process of education, teachers should adopt effective methods to guide students according to the characteristics and causes of their negative mentality. For example, students are suspicious and disgusted with teachers, and teachers should trust teachers and students with frank conversation and frank attitude; Teachers should give trust to students with hurt self-esteem and inferiority, and arouse their confidence and self-confidence. Pay attention to use at the same time? One-on-one effect Keeping the same body with students means treating each other and themselves as a whole, putting educators in the psychological position of students to understand, experience and think about problems, so as to choose appropriate methods to deal with problems and achieve good results. Do we always say that? Put yourself in the shoes? 、? Care about your heart? It helps to correctly handle the relationship between teachers and students, change the interpersonal psychological atmosphere and broaden our educational ideas.
6. Educate students to know themselves correctly and strive to sublimate themselves. Advocating students' self-education requires students to learn to take themselves as the object of education, to think about themselves diligently, to design themselves actively, and to strive to improve and cultivate themselves consciously and actively with practical actions.
Rebellious psychology is a common psychological phenomenon among students. As long as we understand the causes, take practical measures, treat students' rebellious psychology correctly, prevent and overcome students' negative rebellious psychology, and turn it into positive rebellious psychology, we can cultivate their good psychological quality and make their psychological health develop.