At present, there is a sharp increase in the amount of knowledge, a vast number of books and periodicals, faster and faster knowledge updating, and the cultivation of speed reading ability is prominent, which is the inevitable trend of the development of the information society and the world economy.
Speed reading is the basis of intensive reading, because determining the value of materials depends on information retrieval, and speed reading is to quickly retrieve and determine the value of materials to prepare for intensive reading; Speed reading is the basis of learning Chinese well, because only by reading well can you write well, while reading widely can improve the knowledge structure by improving reading efficiency. Speed reading is the premise of reading more, and it is also a means to improve Chinese ability together with reading more; Speed reading is also an important means to develop intelligence, because it requires concentration, quick thinking, active imagination, fast reception, coding, storage and extraction of information, and promotes the development of intelligence.
The psychological condition of speed reading is to enter a positive state. Cognitive activities, emotional activities and will activities should be in a positive state, which requires readers to have a strong interest in reading, be full of energy when reading, have clear goals and control their attention.
First of all, reading interest refers to the interest in reading books and engaging in reading activities, which is related to reading motivation. Efforts should be made to transform recent reading motivation into long-term reading motivation, external reading motivation into internal reading motivation, and intellectual reading motivation into creative reading motivation, so as to combine direct interest with indirect interest and broad interest with central interest, so that strong interest can become a powerful driving force for personal reading.
Secondly, if a person is tired or in a bad mood, he can't concentrate highly, and he can't quickly possess, encode and store the obtained information, and his reading speed and memory effect will be affected. Third, reading methods should be changed with different goals. Clear goals can greatly improve reading efficiency. Why do you read this book? What do you hope to get from it? What is the essence of such books? Is there anything new and good? Only find what you are interested in, want and useful. It goes without saying that the speed will increase. Therefore, you can just skip the following:
(1) things that are completely uninterested;
(2) things that have no content from the beginning, such as empty talk, rhetoric, fabrication (that is, lies), "plagiarism" and "obscure words".
(3) Old materials, or things you already know and are familiar with.
(4) things that cannot be harvested or used by themselves.
Finally, attention has the function of selecting useful information, excluding the interference of irrelevant things; Attention also plays the role of organization and maintenance in the whole reading process. As the saying goes, "Absence of mind leads to nothing". Only by paying close attention can we absorb information for memory, thinking and imagination. Attention can also regulate and supervise the reading process, so that people will not be distracted or too excited to affect the reading effect. Filtering, absorbing, integrating and storing information is high-speed and efficient, and it can also make your spirit better and your interest higher until you enjoy it!
The key to speed reading is to expand the breadth of visual reading and accept information. The speed at which eyes get information depends on the amount of information they get at each pause, that is, the reading speed does not depend on the speed at which readers' eyes beat, but on the amount of information they perceive at the pause. To expand the scope of "eye stop", change point reading (reading a word or a word) to line reading (reading a phrase or a sentence as a unit), or even face reading (reading a few lines at a time with eyes moving vertically), and speed.
Strong level perception ability comes from the scientific application of vision, and also from improving one's language knowledge and enhancing prediction ability. "Reading with one eye and ten lines" relies on long-term experience and is good at capturing the most important and useful information in reading materials. It is also related to the basic Chinese skills such as analyzing the main sentence, finding the central sentence and understanding various paragraph construction methods. For example, accurately find the central sentence and supporting sentence of explanatory text, or distinguish different expressions and material attributes according to the beginning, theme and end of narrative text, grasp the stage of time-space change, emotional change or event development, and grasp the center as a whole at different levels; Or construct four types of argumentative papers-three types of introductions to the conclusion of this theory, with distinct levels of introduction, connection, total score and juxtaposition; The eye of prose, the grasp of light and dark lines, emotion and beauty; The main events in the novel, the grasp and analysis of the central characters and so on.
All of the above strive to cut to the chase, simplify the complex, grasp the key points and retain the essence (language learning goes without saying), which is an effective fast reading skill.
The attention points of speed reading training are: reading silently, avoiding moving your lips and shaking your head, so as not to slow down and get tired easily; If you don't read back, you can't browse quickly. You must read back to receive and understand information. Discriminatory reading and holistic reading, such as finding out the key words, then defining the concept, until understanding the intention, or finding the goal quickly, accepting the useful information "but looking at it roughly" and taking its essence; Frequent practice of elite speed reading memory training software can cultivate the habit of reading by phrases, and improve reading speed by using regular reading, limited reading and ultra-fast reading. The cultivation of guessing and skipping ability is inseparable from regular and large number of reading exercises.
Naturally, some articles about "Buddhist kungfu is interesting" should not only be carefully tasted, but also be re-read frequently to gain profound or new feelings.
7.3 principle speed reading method
Fast and efficient reading is the most important thing for us, which is inseparable from key reading and selective reading. However, many friends may ask, how to grasp and distinguish the key content in fast reading? I think the 7:3 principle speed reading method may be helpful and enlightening to you.
The 7:3 principle speed reading method is that in reading, 70% of the time is spent on relatively important paragraphs, and 30% of the time is allocated to secondary parts. This method is also implemented after the overall understanding of an article and the judgment of primary and secondary paragraphs (extracting key sentences and capturing topic sentences through "quick reading in the blink of an eye").
Because "fast reading in the blink of an eye" is the basis for the realization of the 7:3 principle speed reading method, here is to introduce the "fast reading method in the blink of an eye":
The "fast reading method" consists of three parts, in which "fast reading" is an exercise, and "refining key sentences" and "capturing topic sentences" are the purposes.
A quick wink means that when reading quickly, don't let your eyes stay on any word for too long (even if a word is obscure, don't understand it at once, and don't stand still and read it back repeatedly), but scan it line by line. Although this may not be fast reading, through this training method, we can develop the overall perception habit of taking complete sentences as the unit, and try our best to avoid inefficient reading caused by bad reading habits such as word-for-word reading and silent reading.
There are many ways to exercise speed reading ability. For example, these methods I have tried are simple and effective: using cards, PPT or elite focus action training to show phrases, sentences and sentence groups. Read a passage quickly within the specified time, and try to catch the key words and information.
After a period of time and a certain amount of quick blink training, we will see complete sentences instead of single words in speed reading, thus gradually adapting to the reading mode with paragraphs as the unit.
Here, the first purpose of "Blinking" has been achieved, "refining key sentences", followed by the second purpose of "Blinking", "capturing topic sentences". This is because these two sentences at the beginning of a paragraph are often a summary of the whole paragraph or even the following paragraphs. Therefore, if you can understand these topic sentences and signal sentences, you can have a preliminary understanding of an article. You can also basically judge which parts of the content are relatively important and which are not.
Some people may ask, why should we judge the relative importance of each part? Why don't you read it from beginning to end? Don't forget that there is a time limit for speed reading. If you can pay more attention to the relatively important paragraphs in the process of speed reading, it will be easier to grasp the core arguments of the article and improve your understanding of the whole content.
Is there a rule to judge the relative importance of content? According to my years of speed reading experience, I have summarized two points: First, the first part of an article is more likely to be "less important" content, because most of the time I just explain the background information and haven't started to elaborate the key points, while the middle part of the article (sometimes extended to the end) is usually more important, which contains key points and information; Second, if a part of the text is interspersed with auxiliary contents such as lists, pictures and quotations, it is likely to be a key content, so please try not to ignore it.
At this point, the judgment of important paragraphs and sub-important paragraphs in an article has been completed, and then you can read with a clear aim when reading quickly.
The 7:3 principle speed reading method can be implemented on this basis, but in reading, the reading speed of the relatively important part is slower than that of the second important part, because it can better obtain and understand the key content. Finally, I want to tell you, pay attention: 70% and 30% in this method are only approximate proportions, and we don't have to deliberately follow these two numbers when allocating speed reading time in actual reading.
Why is it that the faster you read, the better you understand?
When reading, if we read word for word, the brain will have more time to think about other things, and there will be problems such as inattention and mental breakdown. Therefore, in order to prevent these situations, we'd better speed up reading and improve the speed of brain information processing, so that we can not only read quickly, but also understand better.
The specific reasons are as follows:
First, the brain is faster than the eyes.
In terms of human cognitive physiology, the speed of brain operation is similar to that of computers and abacus compared with eyes, that is to say, the speed of brain understanding is much faster than that of reading. The research results on the brain in 1990s show that the memory ability of the brain depends on the axon network, the information transmission channel of nerve cells. The more active the axon, the stronger the memory. Fast intake of a large amount of information through vision is a lubricant to stimulate the axon of the brain, while slow reading speed and less reading will cause the brain to walk slowly. Therefore, the faster we read, the faster we can remember.
Second, fast reading is easier to understand.
The brain is a high-speed processor, which is characterized by the faster processing speed of induction and synthesis than analysis. Because synthesis is a kind of fuzzy processing and requires accurate analysis, the faster the reading speed, the better it is for generalization and information extraction. Our thoughts are formed by instant memories. People who haven't practiced can generally write down about seven pieces of content in an instant, and the amount of these contents depends on everyone's ability to stimulate memory. Reading is fast, and instantaneous memory can easily bring all the parts together, which is easier to understand. In addition, fast reading helps to quickly select important information from a large number of information, lock the focus of attention, and ignore a large number of junk information.
Third, the eyes and brain complement each other.
What the eyes see is quickly transmitted to the brain for rapid processing; What the eyes can't see, the brain can reproduce. What does a word really mean? If you stop here and think carefully, you might as well determine it according to the context. If you don't know the meaning of a sentence, no matter how much you emphasize it, it will only slow down your reading speed. You'd better read on first. The author often uses several sentences to illustrate a point.
If you can make up for the lack of vision with the unlimited creativity of your brain, you will read quickly and well; If you just let the words pass through your mind without the high-speed operation of your brain, it is not really "reading". Therefore, fast reading enables people to form the ability to read paragraphs, rather than the bad habit of crawling word by word.
Fourth, mobilize the potential of the brain.
Speed reading requires quick reaction of eyes and brain, which can not only speed up reading, but also exercise the alertness of mind. With the progress of brain science and the popularization of fast reading and fast memory, people can easily realize "reading thousands of books" through simple exercises, stimulate the vitality of brain cells, promote the growth and development of axons of brain cells and the transmission and storage of nerve information, make the brain more active and think faster, thus improving learning ability.
Dr. Silliman and Dr. Ross Tucker in the United States chose a harsh environment to verify the effect of improving the quick response ability of eyes and brain on learning. In a special school in new york, most of them are juvenile delinquents. They require 64 children with emotional disorders to practice through reading practice devices three times a week. The children stared through the eyepiece: a bright light flashed, implying a sentence, but because it flashed too fast, the consciousness didn't notice it at all, and no one knew the meaning of this sentence. However, after several weeks of practice, the children took part in the California reading ability test, and their reading ability improved, and their scores were significantly higher than those of the control group. Surprisingly, their math scores have also improved unconsciously, and their homework is even higher than before. 1. formula and method for fast memory of guitar staff II. Piano staff quick memory formula 3. One-minute staff quick memory formula 4. Formulas and skills for fast memory of staff 5. Mastering efficient reciting methods is no longer afraid of reciting texts.