I answered a question last night: But let Longcheng fly and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain. Who can fly, Li Guang or Wei Qing?

It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war. If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.

In fact, this issue has long been controversial. After Lao Jie answered, I felt that there were still some things that were not clearly explained, so I wrote an article to continue to elaborate. First of all, let's put aside Wang Changling's Fortress and see who was once called a flying general in history. Look at who the flying generals in many ancient poems once represented. I don't know, I don't know, I just look at presbyopia.

In addition, Yang Shen, who wrote East Yangtze River, also saw things that others could not see.

First, who can fly in history books?

Of course, General Fei in the history books should first talk about Li Guang in the Han Dynasty, and then there was another person named General Fei, who turned out to be Lu Bu of the Three Kingdoms.

1, Li Guang

According to Historical Records Biography of General Lee:

Posthumous title, a "flying general in the Han Dynasty", stayed away for several years, but did not dare to enter right Beiping.

Because Li Guang was guarding right Beiping, the Huns dared not invade, calling Li Guang "General Fei". However, the flying general was unlucky. He risked his life, but he didn't have a chance to become a marquis. So his poems are often seen by later generations.

2. Lu Bu

And thought that flying will not be known to everyone, according to the "reflection" records:

Lyu3 bu4 is the first word, and Wuyuan people are also. With Xiao Wu went to bing secretariat Ding Yuan. In order to ride a captain, he arched his horse and brawn, calling himself General Fei.

Liu Guan, Zhang Sanying and Lu Bu are the most wonderful chapters in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. According to historical records, Lu Bu is also known as General Fei. But when it comes to flying generals, most of them refer to Li Guang, not Lu Bu. As for Wei Qing, there seems to be no concrete example that Wei Qing is a flight commander.

Let's take a look at the flying general in ancient poetry.

Second, the flying generals in ancient poetry

1, obviously the flight will be Li Guang.

Li Bai's six ancient styles

Li Guang is a flying general. Is he the same as the "flying general" in the poem? Li Bai's Six Antique Poems wrote:

Dama doesn't want to cross. The less birds love swallows. There is a habit of affection. The ground wind is solid.

Farewell to Yanmenguan. Defend longting today. What a terrible day. Flying snow fascinated Hu Tian.

Scorpions give birth to tigers. Soul after soul. Hard work pays off. Loyalty is hard to declare.

Who pity Li Fei? A bald head has no three sides.

There is no doubt that General Fei is preceded by the surname "Li". Is it strange that Li Bai wrote General Fei as General Fei? Gu wrote in the Record of the Day that the ancients wrote "General" as the "General" before Li Bai:

"Who has pity on Li Fei? A white head has three sides." The ancients ridiculed him as a "flying general", and the ancients had their own words. "The Biography of Ban Yong in the Later Han Dynasty": "Can Ban protect Bei Lu from being harmed?" After Yong, Zheng Guangzhong became the northern satrap again, and he never lost several battles with thieves. The man said, "Mo Lvliang, I am afraid of meeting General Tang." Well with "general" as "general".

[Song] Su Song's "Er Yun and Shu Qian".

The flying general in this poem must be Li Guang. Why?

The solution is to break up, conquer the five-story city, and want to swing in the strong period, which is also quite tricky. Several surprises will fly together. Why should we learn from Wei Qing?

Serving the country is still generous, and the officials are not boring but Shen Ming. The bamboo grove was reunited on this day, and I was glad to hear it.

When analyzing this poem, let's look at Wang Wei's old generals.

Wei Qing's failure was due to the help of the gods, but Li Guang's failure was due to his fate. Being abandoned doesn't have to be old, and the world has become the first in the past.

In the first two sentences, Wei Qing hit Li Guang, and when it comes to Li Guang, the word "odd number" is used, which shows that Li Guang failed to seal Hou. Look at Su Song's two sentences, which are easy to understand: the strange will fly with the surprise, and learn from Wei Qing. In contrast to General Fei and Wei Qing, plus the strange word, you have to say Li Guang.

[Song] Zhao Fan's Two Poems on Bao Pu Zi

Hou Feng is lonely and empty, and the virtuous preach a good word. He has been a citizen for half his life and has thousands of articles in his life.

There is nothing wrong with singing in the basket, and books from outside are no longer circulated. There are three seedlings in Wuling, and there are thousands of rocks and valleys.

You can tell at a glance that Fei will be Li Guang. First of all, the title says this poem is about a friend named Li. The first two sentences used two ancient allusions named Li. Li Guang is a lonely flying general, and Li Bai is the immortal of famous sentences handed down from generation to generation.

2. Make it clear that Huo Qubing will flee.

In Song Dynasty, the flying general in Hui Chong's A Gift to Wang Taiwei from the fortress was not Li Guang, but Huo Qubing.

Fei will go whoring with Yao, whose camp is near Liao. The river ice is strong in Ma Zhuang, and it is carved in the snow.

The flag of defeat is there, and the whole army is in the distance. Paging more orders, proud tonight.

The first sentence will pay for whoring Yao, and the poet compares Wang Taiwei to Huo Qubing, who has made a levy. Yao Piao comes from Historical Records (Volume 111) The Biography of General Wei's title of generals in ancient times:

Huo Qubing, the general's sister, is eighteen. Fortunately, she served the son of heaven. He was good at riding and shooting, and later became a general. He was entrusted by a strong man as a captain in Yao Yao.

Paging more orders, proud tonight. "Qinyuan Spring Snow" has "a generation of Tianjiao, Genghis Khan, who only knows how to shoot an eagle with a bow". Tianjiao, the son of heaven, comes from the biography of Han Xiongnu;

The following year, Khan sent an envoy to the Han Dynasty, saying, "There are big men in the south and strong men in the north. Hu Zhe, a favored son of heaven, was unmoved by small gifts. Today, I want to make a big deal with Lu Han. I want to marry a China woman and leave it to me when I am 20? The wine is full of stones, 5 thousand meters and 10 thousand horses. If they are the same, they won't steal from each other. 」

3. Who will be the fly in Wang Changling's The Embankment?

There are several ways to determine who the fee will be. First, is there a surname? If there is "Li" in the poem or the title of the poem, it must be Li Guang (certainly not Li Guangli, needless to explain). Second, is there a clear allusion to Li Guang, for example, he can't write an odd number story, for example, he shoots a stone story: the next morning, he finds his white arrow and points out that it is deep in the hard rock.

However, Wang Changling's Out of the Fortress not only does not have these two characteristics, but also adds a confusing condition: Dragon City (some versions are Longting).

Longcheng (Long Ting in some versions) was the capital of Xiongnu in Han Dynasty or a place to worship heaven. Wei Qing has been there, but Li Guang hasn't. Dragon City and Feitian will be merged into one. Is it Wei Qing or Li Guang? Laojie remembered Degang Guo's cross talk: A driver who can't farm is not a good cook. Who is this man?

Mr. Shi Zhecun, who wrote hundreds of Tang poems, thinks that there is absolutely no need to distinguish between Wei Qing and Li Guang:

This "Dragon City Flying General" just said that he could defeat the enemy's famous star, and he didn't really mean someone somewhere. Some theorists are too rigid in historical facts, proving that Liuzhou should be Lulongsai, and the pilot should be Wei Qing instead of Li Guang, because Li Guang has nothing to do with Liuzhou. Talking about poetry like this is really "solid"!

Regarding Longcheng, Mr. Shi Zhecun gave several examples:

Try to refer to the usage of these two nouns in Tang poetry, both of which are flexible and cannot be said to be dead. Yang Jiong's "Joining the Army" says: "The iron ride around the Dragon City." Lu's "Battle of the South of the City" says: "North of Yanmen, pterosaurs are in the south of the city." In his Miscellaneous Poems, Shen Quanqi said: "In a big attack, Huanglong City was captured with flags and drums." Yu Shinan's "Join the Army" says: "Kill the mountain peak to wait for the earthquake and save the Dragon City".

Among these poets, Dragon City is uncertain, sometimes in the East and sometimes in the West. This is the difference between negative rhetoric and positive rhetoric. Poets don't have to do geography research like writing papers.

The same is true of General Flying:

Jiang Fei is also a common word used by poets in the Tang Dynasty. It means brave soldiers and brave soldiers. There is no need to involve Wei Qing or Li Guang, and there is no need to touch the place names of the upper and lower sentences. He Chao said in a poem, "The Emperor of Heaven will fly to Jintan, and his only son, Yu, is a good soldier." Du Fu's "Qinzhou Miscellaneous Poems" says: "Therefore, it is necessary to build an altar." Both are used in the same way as Wang Changling.

Mr. Shi Zhecun thinks that the cornice and climbing the wall in the Bunker is just a general term, which represents the soldiers who have made meritorious contributions to defending the border. Wang Changling himself did not say that it must be Wei Qing or Li Guang.

Fourth, the waves in the flat land. The Mystery of the Bright Moon in Qin Dynasty in Yang Shen's Eyes

Yang Shen was the top scholar in Ming Dynasty, and also the author of "The Yangtze River is rolling eastward and losing water" at the beginning of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. He interprets the first sentence of this poem in Sheng 'an Shi Hua, and puts forward his own views:

"The bright moon in the Qin Dynasty, the retreat in the Han Dynasty, and the Long March did not return. However, Long Tingfei will be there, and Hu Ma has never taught Yinshan. " This poem can be fascinating, and the word "bright moon in Qin dynasty" is difficult to understand. Li waited on Yu, who said, "The gun is a spear, and the moon is a moon.". This poem borrows words and has profound implications.

Although Gaiyan made an expedition in the Qin Dynasty, he didn't set a pass, but in the land of the bright moon, he still had the intention of not exceeding the time. Han, on the other hand, is guarded by customs, and there is no return period for recruiting people. Therefore, Lai Fei only guards the border, although he is particularly alert in the border of Siyi.

Yang Shen said that the key of this poem lies in the first sentence, and the last three sentences all serve the first sentence.

There was no defense here in the Qin Dynasty, because the world was peaceful and only the bright moon shone. Those who have served in military service, hard labor or business trips will not expire. By the Han dynasty, the garrison at the pass had been built, but the expedition was far from coming back.

But massage can fly, and Huma never taught Yinshan. If General Fei were still here, the invaders would not be allowed to cross the Yinshan Mountain.

According to Yang Shen, it seems that each generation is getting worse, but when Wang Changling went to the frontier, it was around 724. At that time, Zhang said that he was invincible in the western regions, so the frontier was pacified. In 725, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty even held a meditation ceremony in Mount Tai.

Du Fu said in his poem: "Recalling the heyday of Kaiyuan, there were still thousands of families in the small town. Rice is fat and white, and public and private warehouses are rich. There is no tiger on Kyushu Road, and it is a good time to travel far away. " In such a good era, why does Wang Changling have to be "meaningful" and cynical?

Yang Shen's interpretation verified Tan Xian's point of view:

The author's intention is not inevitable, and the reader's intention is not necessarily different. Preface to Tang Fu's Ci

? Concluding remarks

As for who the flying dragon will be, I don't know what the poets think. Lao Jie's personal opinion is more inclined to Li Guang. If I personally write a poem, I will use Li Guang's allusions here, hoping readers will understand it as Li Guang.

As for Wei Qing, I don't think so. In addition to Wei Qing's frequent confrontation with Li Guang in his regular poems, it seems that there are not many poems that explicitly refer to General Fei as Wei Qing. In addition, if Fei is used as a generic term, there is no deep meaning of the allusion itself and no taste of the poet.

Li Guang himself is a tragic figure, but his descendants are even worse. Both the eldest son and the second son died before Li Guang. The youngest son resented Wei Qing for Li Guang's death and was shot by Huo Qubing. The eldest grandson was famous because he was killed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and surrendered to the Huns' Li Ling. Li Ling met Su Wu, who was trapped by the Huns. When Su Wu returned to Han, they presented poems to say goodbye. Su Li's poems (or under the guise of their names) became the classic poems of the Han Dynasty.

Laojie taste

Look at Song Ci 63 Only when I suddenly dreamed of Li Zhi in Zhou Nan, I went down, because the examiner Su Shi was wrong.

After Song, who was famous for writing poems that should be written, was relegated, the poetic style of the family changed greatly.

Can you write a poem about scenery or rural scenery?