(a) Frequently asked questions
1. Propositional composition: As the name implies, it is a very restrictive propositional form with strict requirements for students' examination, and it has always been one of the main propositional questions in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination.
2. Semi-propositional composition: both restrictive and open, and supplementary questions are the key.
3. Writing for materials: This form can not only test students' writing level, but more importantly, it can test students' ability to analyze and solve problems.
4. Topic composition: Generally speaking, only the writing scope is specified or only one topic is provided for students. As for the expression of stylistic ideas and materials, students can choose independently, which is a beneficial "backwash" to the traditional composition mode.
(2) Examination of questions
The so-called examination is to examine the topic clearly. Before writing, do some research on the topic of the composition, thoroughly understand the meaning of the topic, and carefully analyze the meaning and requirements of the topic, so as to determine the genre, the scope of material selection, writing methods and so on.
As the old saying goes, "the title is the amount" and "the purpose is the purpose". The topic is the most eye-catching place in the whole article, and reviewing the topic well can be said to be the premise of successful writing. Throughout these years, there are many lessons from the failure of composition examination in senior high school entrance examination. It can be seen that learning to examine questions and having the ability to examine questions are the key to writing a good composition.
1. What is the "test" of the problem?
(1) Check the style and determine the requirements.
As we know, even if it is a topic composition, it is not a choice of style, but a choice of style, and it is forbidden to write fourth-class articles. On the basis of mastering the three stylistic rules, it should conform to the stylistic characteristics. Some compositions have some additional requirements besides the topics, so students must be vigilant and strictly abide by them, and must not violate the ban. For example, write a composition of not less than 700 words on the topic of "Spring", except poetry. This is a broad topic, which can be titled as "Spring is by my side" (narrative category), "Talking about Spring" (discussion category) and "Spring is the first of the four seasons" (explanation category). The genre characteristics of the article must be distinct, narrative articles should be mainly narrative and descriptive expressions, argumentative articles should be dialectical and ideological, and there should be no vague articles that are half-discussed and half-narrated. Of course, poetry on this topic is strictly forbidden.
(2) Clear the scope and open the mind.
Any topic has certain limitations. Relatively speaking, the traditional way of proposition gives students more obstacles in examining questions. If we can't find the scope, I'm afraid we will digress from Wan Li, which is a pity. For example, the essay title of 1996 Tianjin senior high school entrance examination is "This is my future", and the word "future" defines this as an imaginary composition. It would be a mistake to write me now or me in the past. Another example is the 200 1 Tianjin middle school exam "My Other World", which should be understood as a hobby outside the mainstream life. In addition, in order to find another way, students may wish to do an article on the polysemous word "heaven and earth" to broaden their horizons and expand their associations. "Heaven and earth" can refer to a place (basketball court, library, swimming pool) or the spiritual world in the spiritual field. This not only examines the topic, but also grasps the breakthrough of writing.
(3) Find the right topic and get twice the result with half the effort.
(1) Use grammar to analyze problems.
Pay attention to words that are modified, restricted or supplemented, such as the topic "an unusual exam" and "my favorite person", among which "unusual" and "most" are eye-catching words, so we should make a fuss about these words and write them thoroughly.
(2) When paratactic phrases are used as topics, the topic is often placed on the conjunction "he, he, he, he and Tong". Difficult and easy, success and failure, me and my class, teachers and students, and so on. If we distinguish the specific relationship between the words and phrases that make up the topic, we can quickly grasp the theme if the relationship is clear.
③ When the main action verb is used as the predicate, it often plays the role of "eye", but if there are additional elements before the predicate, the eye is still an adverbial. For example, parents have changed, and the focus of writing is the change of hometown. Another example is "I finally defeated-",and the title should be "Finally". Write out the whole process of victory and the article will be half successful.
(4) When you encounter a unique word as a topic, the scope of the topic is too large. You might as well turn it into a small one, abstract it into a concrete one, turn symbols into symbols, and turn metaphors into ontologies, such as "road". This word is full of ambiguity. You can write down the path of the entity that accompanied you to school and grew up with you. You can write road to riches, the road of hope; You can also write the road of history, the road of mankind.
2. Review the standard of good questions.
To achieve "three accuracy": accurate, clear and correct.
Next, I quote the composition questions of Tianjin senior high school entrance examination in 2003 to talk about how to achieve three correctness.
The whole topic is as follows:
Topic: Every student will have weaknesses of one kind or another, such as timidity, inferiority, inertia, carelessness and femininity ... Please choose one aspect according to your reality, complete the topic "I finally conquered" and write a narrative.
Requirements: 1. Express the center by describing one or several things.
2. The number of words is not less than 600 words.
Obviously, this is a semi-propositional composition with hints before requirements. Different from the composition questions of Tianjin senior high school entrance examination in previous years, the proposer hopes that students will be inspired by the hints and fill in the blanks completely before writing.
First of all, if you can't do it accurately, you can't talk about anything else in your composition, which is undoubtedly beside the point. So how to make the inspection accurate? Be sure to find the key words, analyze them one by one, and make clear the intention tendency of the questioner. I finally won. This problem consists of four parts. As the subject, "I" basically limits the person, requiring candidates not to write about other people's affairs, but must be their own mental journey; "Finally" as an adverbial reflects a process; As a predicate, "victory" is both a process and a result; The content on the horizontal line is used as the object to fill in the winning object. If candidates understand the meaning of these four words in the title, it is not difficult to achieve "accuracy". It can be seen at a glance that the word "finally" is the title, and the focus of the article is not on the object or the result, but on the process, the full and detailed writing process can vividly express "finally" and achieve "accuracy" in the examination of the title. On the contrary, many candidates spend a lot of books on their weaknesses, ignoring the process of overcoming them. Improper details will get twice the result with half the effort. Have a plenty of repentance, have a plenty of self-help. They all suddenly overcome their weaknesses and lack a convincing process. In fact, weaknesses are not easy to overcome, and often require a step of repeated ups and downs. It's hard to get a true story. In addition, the tip in front of the topic can not be ignored, "Please choose one aspect according to your actual situation", and it is written in black and white that you are required to write a weakness, but there are still some careless candidates who list many shortcomings, so we have to be downgraded, which is very regrettable. As for a few candidates who write argumentative essays regardless of requirements, it has nothing to do with Wan Li. In junior high school, it is more complicated to require students to master narrative than general argumentative or expository essays, and it will remain the mainstream for a certain period of time.
Secondly, it is also important to examine the questions clearly, which is reflected in this composition. As the name implies, "weakness" means weakness and deficiency, which are not exactly the same as shortcomings. It can have many aspects, such as
& lt 1 & gt； Bad habits in life and study: "inertia", "carelessness" and "nervousness"
& lt2> Weaknesses in character and thought: effeminacy, arrogance, jealousy, vanity, selfishness, melancholy and indifference.
& lt3> Psychological barriers: timidity, inferiority, autism, loneliness and pessimism. Most of the above are close to the reality of students, and candidates choose the corresponding starting point according to their own personal experience. But don't fill in "person" or "thing". For example, some candidates wrote the following questions: "I finally defeated the police uncle", "I finally defeated the exam", "I finally defeated the third grade" and "I finally defeated the pain". These are all examples of failure.
This composition topic gives us a feeling of deja vu. Many areas have done such questions as "overcoming oneself" or "overcoming setbacks", so when most parents and students are excited by the familiarity of the questions, another disadvantage arises-the candidates are confined to a fixed thinking mode, directly change materials, and even the questions are mostly vague-"I finally overcome myself". If the article clearly points out what your weakness is, it is still to the point, but some students say it in general terms, and there is no clear weakness from beginning to end, so we have to treat the exam as unclear. When marking the paper, the teacher found that he wrote more about his life and copied absolutely less. Very few students are ahead of the times, and their thoughts and writing methods show a tendency of personalization, which is gratifying. However, we should also put an end to the phenomenon of copying our own model essays. A good composition, no matter what the scope, can't wait to be eaten for a lifetime, which can only make the writing level lower and lower, the way of thinking simpler and simpler, not to mention any innovation.
At the end of the exam, I want to say "correct". Originally, this should not be the topic I talked about as content. However, the shortcomings of some students' exercises really sounded the alarm for us. First, perhaps because of nervousness, some candidates filled in the questions backwards. I finally defeated self-confidence, I finally defeated sincerity, and I finally defeated not speaking lightly ... Secondly, there were too many typos, which affected reading I finally defeated jealousy (jealousy) and I finally defeated dependence on axe (dependence on grandpa).
The above is a summary of how to review the topic standard. Examining questions seems easy, but it needs to be cautious.