In construction projects, the purpose of project supervision is to ensure that the project is completed according to the requirements of design drawings and national specifications, and to build qualified building products. The following is a model essay on the target constraints and management methods of construction project supervision shared by J.L.
Abstract: China's construction project supervision started late, the old system affected its development, and the market development was not perfect. In practical work, some construction units have a vague understanding of project supervision and quality supervision, which has seriously caused investment mistakes, schedule mistakes and quality mistakes in project construction. The following will mainly aim at the causes in the construction project supervision objectives, and through the strategy of integrating theory with practice, timely solve the appropriate strategies and practical solutions for the causes in the construction project supervision objectives.
[Keywords:] construction engineering; Supervision work; Investment; Target limitation
China's supervision work developed slowly under the old system and achieved corresponding results, but there are still many reasons. For example, in terms of laws and regulations on construction project supervision, as far as the current situation is concerned, there are reasons and shortcomings such as imperfect legal system and lack of high-level laws and regulations to regulate and control supervision. In terms of supervision market system, the development of construction projects is quite broad, with empty content and no theme. In addition, in the market, there are a lot of negligence in the management of regulators. Many projects fail to reach a reasonable level, which makes it difficult for enterprises to absorb high-quality talents.
1. The corresponding strategies and strategies of project supervision target restriction
1. 1 investment constraints
Constraints help to ensure the realization of goals. Investment restrictions are mainly managed by supervision engineers. During the investment period, the planned investment value is compared with the actual value to reduce the investment error. Once a slight loophole is found, carefully analyze the reasons and solve them, so as to make the excess amount as small as possible. On the premise of ensuring the functions of each major, the scheme screening design is carried out according to the limited number of places. With the deepening of engineering construction practice, investment restrictions should be set in stages. The construction drawing budget of supervision planning is the best proof to explain the investment goal. Secondly, economic measures can also be taken, including dynamically comparing the actual value and planned value of the project, strictly auditing various expenses, and clarifying the organizational structure of the project.
1.2 progress limit
First, the overall progress plan of the project is drawn up, and then the overall progress target is decomposed. It is mainly the decomposition of annual and quarterly progress targets, progress targets of each stage and progress targets of each subproject. In the process of progress work, there are more or less risk reasons. Therefore, risk analysis should also be subject to certain constraints, and a schedule constraint coordination system should be established. Measures should also be taken to restrict the technical progress, such as establishing a multi-level network planning system, or coordinating the progress of all aspects in time according to the contract requirements to ensure the smooth progress of the project.
1.3 quality control
Through quality design, materials, equipment, civil construction, equipment installation, etc. Improve quality control objectives. Like the above two constraints, quality constraints also have risk reasons. In order to ensure the safety of the project, quality constraints should be paid attention to for important projects. When the reasons appear, the corresponding departments will solve them in time to ensure the safety of the construction work behind. The construction unit must provide the original data related to the construction project to the relevant survey, construction, project supervision and other units to reduce the risk.
2. Case analysis of project construction supervision target constraint
2. 1 project introduction and supervision organization structure
When supervising the construction of underground garages and residential projects, we should pay attention to necessary related matters and provide good accommodation facilities for residents. When planning construction drawings, we should increase the intensity of major construction, especially the scope of various types of housing construction land, the scale and structural proportion of various types of housing construction land, land for infrastructure and public service facilities, and land for sanitation facilities. Corresponding planning and construction should be done. For floors, elevators, fire fighting and emergency exits should be built. Public buildings should include telecommunications, water supply, drainage, power supply, gas, heating and sanitation. And the efficiency should reach the standard or even above as much as possible. Housing is closely related to the future sustainable development of the city.
2.2 Project Supervision Restriction Stage
2.2. 1 construction preparation stage
First of all, do a good job in guiding principles, clearly give the business purpose of this project, with scientific and realistic construction management and warm and thoughtful service facilities. Realize? Three links and one leveling? Target, organize and preside over the design disclosure work, participate in the blue prints.the design presided over by the supervisor, and handle the construction permit. Of course, it is also necessary to make public the underground pipelines, structures and buildings on site, so as to know fairly well, hold regular meetings to start construction, and make various preparations in advance.
2.2.2 Construction operation stage
(1) People should be the core. People are the creators of quality, and the project management process must take people as the driving force of management, arouse people's enthusiasm, increase people's sense of responsibility and supervise the quality of work.
(2) Prevention first. The safety reason in engineering is always the key content of construction. Fire protection requirements for gas welders, carpenters, linoleum workers, painters and electricians are strict, among which the fire protection requirements for electricians are the most important. Electricians should be specially trained and allowed to operate alone after passing the examination.
(3) Monitor the quality of raw materials. The quality of raw materials includes external quality and internal quality of raw materials. The external quality of raw materials needs to limit scratches, pits, bulges, peeling, side cracks, excessive decarbonization layers, etc. The internal quality is characterized by nonmetallic inclusions, pores, shrinkage cavities, banded structure, loose structure and low alloy content. When selecting materials, we must judge them accordingly. The strength grade of concrete lime-soil must meet the actual requirements, and the steel bars should be accurately positioned during construction to ensure the design distance between steel mesh and rock surface and the support quality. Check whether the steel grade, diameter, shape, size and quantity of finished steel bars conform to the bill of materials; If there are any mistakes and omissions, correct them in time. In the selection of steel bar processing, the hook and bending of steel bar are stipulated. For example, when the steel bar is not more than 90? When bending, the inner diameter of the bending arc at the bend should not be less than 0.5 times the diameter of the steel bar. When welding, the covered electrode, welding technology and welding parameters should be correctly selected according to the brand, diameter, joint form and welding position of steel bars.
(4) Quality control during construction. Optimize the mix design, adopt low hydration heat cement, and add a certain proportion of additives and admixtures, and take measures to reduce the temperature of concrete leaving the machine and entering the mold. When the concrete is poured to the top, it shall be leveled with a long trowel according to the elevation, and it shall be leveled repeatedly with a wooden washboard 1-2 hours before the concrete hardens until the cracks on the concrete surface are eliminated. Concrete pouring should adopt the methods of slope subsection, layered pouring and layered tamping, and at the same time, the upper and lower layers of concrete should be combined well before initial setting, so as to avoid the formation of construction cold joints. Strictly prevent the pollution between pavements, which must be treated after the pollution occurs. Aggregate used in asphalt mixture must be specialized and centralized in production and supply. Strictly control aggregate quality. At the same time, the paving and rolling temperature and construction technology of asphalt mixture must be strictly limited.
2.2.3 Quality monitoring after the completion of construction.
Post-event quality control is also called post-event quality control, so that unqualified processes or final products do not flow into the next process and enter the market. Post-event constraints include the evaluation and identification of the results of quality activities; Correcting the deviation of process quality; Rectify and deal with unqualified products. The key point of restriction is to find the defects in the construction quality, and put forward measures to improve the construction quality through analysis, so that the quality is under control.
3. Summary
In construction projects, the purpose of project supervision is to ensure that the project is completed according to the requirements of design drawings and national specifications, and to build qualified building products. Construction is the process of forming an engineering entity, and it is also the key stage to determine the final product quality. In the above content, the quality monitoring is the key point of project construction management. Only by strictly monitoring the quality of the whole construction process and taking effective measures to eliminate the quality hidden dangers in construction can the project quality reach the expected quality goal. If one element changes, other related elements will also change, thus ensuring the overall function optimization of the system. Make China's construction engineering field more perfect and better.
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