Change "fast thinking" into "slow thinking"
Careful observation of the classroom shows that many teaching links are in a hurry, coming and going, and there is no time to stop, linger and meditate. Usually, when the teacher asks questions, he will call the students to answer them. As soon as the voice of the teacher's question fell, the students were eager to report the answers. We didn't think wrong, but also smugly thought that classroom teaching was fast-paced, efficient, and students' thinking was flexible, and so on.
In fact, behind these fast means that students' learning and thinking have not been carefully thought, digested, integrated and generated, but only stay in "speaking fast" rather than "thinking fast"
"There is a real taste in slowness." From the process of knowledge formation, it is a dynamic development process. It must go through the growth process of rooting, germination, long leaves, flowering and fruiting. Learning also needs a process. For example, China ancient scholars put forward the process of "erudition, interrogation, deliberation, discernment and perseverance".
From the general process of thinking, it is the process of finding problems, asking questions, analyzing problems, putting forward assumptions, verifying problems and solving problems. There are also differences in students' thinking mode and learning ability. Some students are "slow fever" and need time to wait and train. Emergency actions may interfere with their internal order and thinking system.
Change "Noisy Thinking" into "Quiet Thinking"
"Noisy thinking" is to cover up the inner shallowness and lack of inside information with superficial joy and excitement; Cover the inner stretch of life and the cohesion of spiritual strength with the liveliness of the surface; Stimulating some physiological instinctive reactions with physical activities and sensory entertainment seems to be organizing learning, but in fact it is diluting the content of wisdom and the concentration of thinking.
Suhomlinski, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, said: "There was silence in the classroom, and the students were absorbed in nervous thinking. Teachers should cherish such moments. Such silence should often appear in the classroom. "
Only in this way can learning really promote teenagers' conscious activities, stimulate their minds, form their desire for knowledge, and finally let them get happiness from mastering the truth as a reward for their efforts.
Change "dark thinking" into "bright thinking"
Classroom teaching has always been in a "black box state" of thinking, and students have no detailed and clear concern about whether to think, what to think, how to think and to what extent. How to turn the dark into the bright, the hidden into the obvious, and gradually enhance the controllability and practicality of thinking training is very important.
In the specific classroom teaching, we suggest to design a link of "first reading and thinking by yourself, then writing it down, then communicating at the same table or in groups, and then enriching, supplementing and correcting the feedback from the whole class".
Its purpose is to guide students to show the thinking process from vague to clear in the learning process, realize the birth process from self to others and then to new self, and complete the process of internalization and externalization, externalization and internalization, internal and external interaction and mutual growth.
Change "weak thinking" into "strong thinking"
What are the main aspects of weak thinking? First of all, the task of learning is not difficult for most students; The second is to replace the thinking of the whole class with the thinking of individual outstanding students; Third, teachers go beyond their duties and directly present the process and results of thinking to students; Fourth, most students have not experienced a complete thinking process, but under the guidance of the teacher step by step, they do so-called "thinking" according to the rules, and the result is only fragmented thinking; Fifth, thinking lacks uniqueness, profundity and divergence.
What harm may weak thinking bring to students and study? In the process of learning, students' higher-order thinking has not been trained and cultivated; Classroom learning has become a great waste of time, resources and life, and it has also greatly killed students' interest in learning; Failure to develop good thinking methods and habits has a great and extremely bad "sequela" for students' subsequent study and life.
How to correct and overcome the disadvantages caused by weak thinking? How to achieve the effect of strong thinking? We put forward: the learning task should have appropriate difficulty; Let students experience the process of inquiry; Let students understand the thinking process; Encourage students to think in a diversified, divergent and personalized way ...
Change "shallow thinking" into "deep thinking"
"Shallow thinking" in classroom teaching is mainly manifested in the lack of sensitivity to problems. Faced with a lot of information and knowledge, we can't cut into the core and break through the conventional hard shell. At the thinking level, at the learning level, memory is the main thing, and finally it becomes mechanical repetition and rote memorization.
"Deep thinking" means deep and lasting thinking, focusing on a certain point, thinking in all directions, and thinking deeper and deeper. Deep thinking should be the length of time, which is manifested in continuous thinking and continuous follow-up; In the emotional state of thinking, you can't help but be infatuated; In terms of ideological depth, it should be meaningful and deeply rooted in people's hearts; It is profound in the length, width and depth of thinking. Because in classroom learning, it should be presented in the form of "theme", so that students can learn, think and explore flexibly, so as to gain deeper and deeper understanding.
Change "Fear Thinking" into "Happy Thinking"
"Afraid of thinking" is mainly manifested in the inability to bear the pain of thinking, the "humiliation" suffered by thinking mistakes, and the fear of thinking without results.
The happiness of "happy thinking" basically presents these States:
First, a sense of excitement, longing and freshness ignited by curiosity and problem consciousness, to knock on the door of knowledge and explore the universe.
Second, the mind and body are forgotten in the process of thinking, integrated with time, integrated with the object of thinking, integrated with things and me, and the sense of concentration that things and me are together. Psychological research shows that concentration brings positive "flow experience", which can produce dopamine and enhance the pleasure of the soul.
Third, in the process of thinking, the twists and turns of "seeking success in seclusion" bring people rich, true and profound spiritual experience, which makes people linger. Only those who deeply experience these states can become real thinkers.
Change "being thought" into "self-thinking"
The important characteristics of thinking are self, autonomy and freedom. The biggest drawback of thinking is that students can't ask questions, question, criticize, doubt and think rationally. Only through the inner self-mind, knowledge and ideas will be stirred and boiled, and will take root and flourish.
Mr. john henry newman wrote in The Idea of University that one can listen to 1000 lectures and read 1000 books, as if he had gained knowledge in this way. But the process of seeking knowledge is not just passively accepting knowledge, but letting it enter your mind. Seeking knowledge is not a passive acceptance, but a real initiative to enter the field of knowledge, embrace knowledge and master knowledge. Thinking must act, take the initiative to attack, meet the oncoming knowledge, enrich your mind, and make yourself from scratch.
Self-thinking is a process of active embrace, active attack and active growth.
Change "thinking alone" into "thinking alone"
Independent thinking is what we advocate, but independent thinking does not mean talking to yourself and being self-righteous. Without full contact with the world, society and life, and without full communication with people, one's mind will be narrow and one-sided, sitting in a well and watching the sky, painting the ground as a prison, and being arrogant.
Independent thinking is to break the puzzle of thinking and cultivate a clear, sober and clear mentality, especially to overcome the four myths put forward by British philosopher Bacon, namely, cave illusion, racial illusion, market illusion and theater illusion. Only in this way can we "live clearly."
The best way to get rid of these four misunderstandings is to keep talking and thinking with people. To change "thinking alone" into "thinking * * *", individuals and collectives complement each other and set each other off. As Mr. Manabu Sato said, learning (thinking is the same) is a dialogue with history, with others, and ultimately with yourself. Lonely thinking and * * * thinking should blend and meet, fight side by side and advance hand in hand.
Change "three-dimensional thinking" into "living thinking"
When Jobs was nearly 30 years old, he made a metaphor about records. He has been thinking about why people become rigid and lack innovative consciousness after 30 years old. He said: "People are stuck in these inherent forms, just like the fixed grooves in a record, and they can never get rid of them." Of course, some people are naturally curious and always have a childlike innocence, but such people are too rare. "
The shape of thinking is the "impermanent shape of water" put forward by Shi in his literary theory, that is, "the wise man is like water" as Confucius said and "the good man is like water" as Laozi said, which is characterized by fluidity, flexibility and thoroughness.
Only by studying in a stable and dedicated meditation state can we really promote teenagers' conscious activities, stimulate their minds, form their desire for knowledge, and finally let them get happiness from mastering the truth and repay their efforts.