1. Master's thesis is not required to be published, of course, it would be better if it could be published, and doctoral students usually require at least one paper to be submitted to the journal for review. If the research materials are kept confidential for commercial reasons, this requirement is sometimes impossible to meet, because either the funders seize the opportunity to master the research results or the journals will avoid publishing possible patent contents.

2. Generally speaking, doctoral dissertations are reviewed and checked by inspectors from other schools, that is, experts in their fields, while doctoral dissertations only need to be reviewed and checked in universities, but there are exceptions. Doctoral dissertations need to be reviewed and checked by inspectors from other schools.

3. Doctoral thesis needs to be defended, and master students may need to report their own thesis, but doctoral defense is more laborious, because doctoral defense will also be questioned by experts from other schools and many faculty members, proving their understanding of the content of the thesis, so the respondent may pass the defense, but the thesis fails, and vice versa.

4. The usual evaluation method of master's thesis is score or grade, which is helpful to the division of master's degree, while doctoral thesis can only be divided into passing or failing. Your master's degree may be good, but your doctoral degree may not be good, only pass or fail.