13 years old, working as an apprentice in a bookstore. The work in the bookstore gave him the opportunity to read many science books. After delivering the newspaper for binding, I taught myself chemistry and electricity, and did a simple experiment to verify the contents of the book. In his spare time, he participated in the learning activities of the Municipal Philosophy Society and listened to lectures on natural philosophy, so he accepted the basic education of natural science. Because of his love and dedication to scientific research, he was appreciated by British chemist David. 18 13 In March, David recommended him to be a laboratory assistant at the Royal Institute. This was a turning point in Faraday's life, and he embarked on the road of devoting himself to scientific research. In June 65438+in the same year 10, David went to the European continent for scientific investigation and lectures, and Faraday went with him as his secretary and assistant. A year and a half later, I passed through France, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and other countries and met famous scholars such as Ampere and Gay-Lussac. Along the way, Faraday assisted David to do many chemical experiments, which greatly enriched his scientific knowledge and increased his experimental ability, laying the foundation for his independent scientific research. 1865438+In May 2005, he returned to the Royal Institute to conduct chemical research under the guidance of David. 1824 1 was elected as a member of the royal society, 1825 was appointed as the laboratory director of the royal society in February, and 1833- 1862 was appointed as the chemistry professor of the royal society. 1846 was awarded the Renford Medal and the Royal Medal. 1867 died on August 25th. Our era is the era of electricity, but in fact we are sometimes called the space age and sometimes the atomic age, but no matter how far-reaching the significance of space travel and atomic weapons, they have relatively little impact on our daily lives. However, we have been using electrical appliances. In fact, no technical feature can completely penetrate the contemporary world like the use of electricity. Many people have made contributions to electricity, among which Charles Augustine Coulomb, Count Alexander Volt, hans christian oersted and Andrew Marie Ampere are the most important figures. But far ahead of others are two great British scientists, michael faraday and james clerk maxwell. Although they are complementary to some extent, they are not partners. Their respective contributions are enough to put me at the top of this roster. 1791September 22nd is a glorious day. Michael faraday, a great scientist, was born in a poor blacksmith family in Newton, Surrey, England. Faraday's life was a great man, but Faraday's childhood was miserable. In order to solve the problem of food and clothing for the whole family, old Faraday moved to London with Faraday, who was 5 years old, hoping to change the fate of poverty. Unfortunately, God did not bless the Faraday family, but took the life of nine-year-old Faraday. Forced to make a living, michael faraday, who was only nine years old, had to bear a heavy burden of life and go to a stationery store as an apprentice. Four years later, Faraday, 13 years old, went to the bookstore as an apprentice. At first, I was responsible for delivering newspapers, and later I worked as a bookbinder. As the saying goes, "If Heaven wants to send a great mission to Sri Lanka, it must first suffer its mind, strain its bones and muscles, and starve its body and skin ...". Poverty is unfortunate, and the life of child labor is hard to know. What is commendable is that little Faraday is uneasy about poverty, uneasy about poverty and eager to learn. /kloc-When he was 0/4 years old, he was apprenticed to a man who installed and sold books, and took advantage of this opportunity to read widely. At the age of 20, he listened to a lecture by a famous British scientist, Humphrey David, and became interested in it. He wrote to David and finally got him a job as an assistant. Faraday made his great discovery a few years later. Although he has a poor foundation in mathematics, he is unparalleled as an experimental physicist. 18 10 Nineteen-year-old Faraday listened to more than a dozen lectures by J. Tatum on natural philosophy and began to participate in the learning activities of the Municipal Philosophy Society, from which he received the basic education of natural philosophy. 2 18 12 from February to April, Faraday, 2 1 year-old, was lucky enough to listen to H. David's chemistry lectures four times at the Royal College. The great chemist's profound knowledge immediately attracted the young Faraday. He enthusiastically conveyed every scientific viewpoint of David to his colleagues in the city philosophy association. He carefully arranged the lecture notes, bound them into a beautiful book, named "Sir David's Lecture", and attached a letter eager to do scientific research, which was sent to David on Christmas Eve of 18 12. Faraday's enthusiasm for science touched David, and David was deeply gratified by his carefully arranged and bound "exquisite notebook". At this time, his apprenticeship had expired, so David recommended him to join the Royal College as an assistant in March 18 13. From May 38 to 10 in the same year, I followed David on a scientific investigation trip to the European continent. This trip made Faraday go to a "social university". Along the way, he carefully recorded the contents of David's lectures in various places, learned a lot of scientific knowledge, and met many famous scientists, such as Gay-Lussac and Ampere. I have increased my knowledge and broadened my horizons. By the time 18 15 returned to the Royal Institute in May, Faraday had been able to independently carry out research work under the guidance of David and achieved several chemical research results. Faraday published his first scientific paper in 18 16. From 18I8, we cooperated with J. stoddart to study alloy steel, and pioneered the metallographic analysis method. 1820, he prepared hexachloroethane and tetrachloroethylene by substitution reaction. 182 1 year, director of the royal college laboratory. 1823 saw that he discovered the liquefaction method of chlorine and other gases. He was elected a member of the Royal Society. 1825 In February, he succeeded David as the laboratory director of the Royal Institute. Benzene was discovered in the same year. More importantly, his contribution to electrochemistry (the study of chemical effects produced by electric current). After many detailed experiments, Faraday summed up two laws of electrolysis and named them after him, which formed the basis of electrochemistry. He gave popular names to many important terms in chemistry, such as anode, cathode, electrode and ion. 182 1 year, Faraday completed the first major electrical invention. Two years ago, Oster discovered that if there is current in the circuit, the magnetic needle of the ordinary compass near it will shift. Faraday was inspired by this and thought that if the magnet was fixed, the coil might move. According to this idea, he successfully invented a simple device. In this device, as long as there is current passing through the wire, the wire will keep rotating around the magnet. In fact, Faraday invented the first motor, the first device to use electric current to move objects. Although this device is simple, it is the ancestor of all motors in the world today. This is a major breakthrough. However, its practical use is still very limited, because there is no other way to generate electricity except simple batteries. As we all know, a stationary magnet will not generate current in nearby lines. 183 1 Faraday found that when the first magnet passes through the closed circuit, there will be current in the circuit, and this effect is called electromagnetic induction. It is generally believed that Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction is one of his greatest contributions. Two reasons are enough to show that this discovery can go down in history. First, Faraday's law is more important for understanding electromagnetism theoretically. Secondly, as Faraday demonstrated with his first generator (Faraday disk), electromagnetic induction can be used to generate continuous current. Although modern generators supplying power to towns and factories are much more complicated than those invented by Faraday, they are all made according to the same electromagnetic induction principle. It was Faraday who introduced the important concepts of magnetic lines and wires into physics. By emphasizing the "field" between them instead of magnets, he opened the way for many advances in contemporary physics, including Maxwell's equations. Faraday also found that if polarized light passes through a magnetic field, its polarization will change. This discovery is of special significance, indicating for the first time that there is a certain relationship between light and magnetism. Faraday's life is great, Faraday is ordinary. He is very keen on the popularization of science. Shortly after he became the laboratory director of the Royal Institute, he launched a seminar on Friday night and a Christmas youth science lecture. He gave a speech at more than 65,438+000 Friday evening seminars and gave a speech at the Christmas Youth Science Lecture in 19. His popular science lectures are simple and easy to understand, with rich demonstration experiments, which are very popular. Faraday is also keen on public utilities and has served many public and private institutions in Britain for a long time. He is simple, unsociable, does not seek fame and fortune, and likes to help relatives and friends. In order to concentrate on scientific research, he gave up all high-paying business jobs. 1857, he declined the nomination of the Royal Society to elect him president. He is willing to fulfill his commitment to science as a civilian and work in the laboratory of the Royal Academy of Sciences for life, becoming an ordinary michael faraday. 1On August 25th, 867, michael faraday, a civilian, died peacefully in his study. A generation of scientific superstars passed away after writing his extraordinary life and leaving priceless wealth for mankind.