The quality of pharmacists directly affects the level and quality of pharmaceutical services provided to users. This paper analyzes the present situation of pharmacists providing pharmaceutical services for drug use, and puts forward some suggestions that the quality of pharmacists should meet the needs of modern drug users for pharmaceutical services.
Pharmaceutical services; Pharmacist; quality
China Library ClassificationNo. r95 Document IdentificationNo. A1044-5511(2011)1-0/65433.
Pharmaceutical service is the whole process of providing qualified drugs for users with "user-centered" and pharmaceutical science and technology knowledge. Pharmaceutical services include hospital pharmaceutical services, social pharmaceutical services and community pharmaceutical services. Pharmacists are the main body providing pharmaceutical scientific and technological knowledge in pharmaceutical service, which has great influence on the level and quality of pharmaceutical service.
1. Quality of pharmacists in China
The traditional pharmaceutical education in China lacks the study of clinical medicine and other courses, and is based on chemistry. For a long time, pharmacists only have the professional quality of drug dispensing, preparation and drug inspection. In addition, China is a pharmacist who graduated from the College of Pharmacy. If he works in a hospital or social pharmacy after graduation, there is little chance to go out for further study. Therefore, only the quality of pharmaceutical service can ensure the supply of qualified drugs for most pharmacists in China.
The quality of pharmacists is an important factor affecting the level and quality of pharmaceutical services in China.
Change your mind
In society, it is necessary to change the one-sided concept of "pharmacists are just dispensing drugs and preparations" to: pharmacists are responsible for ensuring the quality of drugs, consulting on drug use, guiding rational drug use and solving problems.
Chapter III: Pharmacist Quality Thesis: Pharmaceutical Service and Pharmacist Quality
Pharmacist Quality Thesis: Pharmaceutical Service and Pharmacist Quality
Abstract: The quality of pharmacists directly affects the level and quality of pharmaceutical services provided to users. This paper analyzes the present situation of pharmacists providing pharmaceutical services to users, and puts forward some suggestions that the quality of pharmacists should meet the needs of modern users for pharmaceutical services.
Keywords pharmaceutical service quality pharmacist
Pharmaceutical service is "user-centered", providing users with qualified drugs, and providing users with full service in the process of medication with pharmaceutical scientific and technological knowledge. Pharmaceutical services include hospital pharmaceutical services, social pharmaceutical services and community pharmaceutical services. Pharmacists are the main body providing pharmaceutical scientific and technological knowledge in pharmaceutical service, which has great influence on the level and quality of pharmaceutical service. 1 Current situation of pharmaceutical care in China
The content of "clinical medication and various pharmaceutical services" has been mentioned in Article 10 of the Interim Provisions on Pharmaceutical Affairs Management in Medical Institutions, which was implemented on June 5438+1October 2 1 in China [1]. On February 25th, 2003, OTC Drug Association of China issued "Quality Management Standard for Drug Operation in Social Pharmacy (Trial)", which specifically regulated the pharmaceutical service behavior of social pharmacies. However, the level and quality of pharmaceutical care in China are still low.
Hospital pharmaceutical services are basically based on the provision of qualified drugs. Although there are 50 clinical pharmacy pilot hospitals in China's top three hospitals, clinical pharmacy still lags behind clinical medicine and clinical nursing, and cannot play the role of serving users together with clinical medicine and clinical nursing. Some hospitals in Chinese universities and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals have carried out drug consultation services, but most primary hospitals have not carried out drug consultation services. At present, the pharmaceutical services of hospitals in China mainly supply qualified drugs, routine prescriptions and general drug instructions.
At present, the pharmaceutical services of social pharmacies are generally based on selling drugs to create economic benefits and providing users with medication services. Although China OTC Pharmaceutical Association requires pharmaceutical care for users in the whole process of drug use, it is not binding on social pharmacies to carry out real pharmaceutical care.
Community health services in urban and rural areas are developing in China, and many rural township hospitals have been transformed into community health service centers. Community pharmaceutical services are basically not carried out in communities and families. Although many township hospitals have been transformed into community health service centers, the transformation of their functions needs the deepening of the reform of the national health system and a process. An important feature of pharmaceutical service is that it will produce social and economic benefits. Hospitals, social pharmacies and community health service centers (stations) will not produce economic benefits, or may reduce economic benefits. This is one of the reasons for the low level and poor quality of pharmaceutical services in China.
2 the quality status of pharmacists in China
In China, there are hospital pharmacists, many of whom are unregistered licensed pharmacists, and among the top three hospital pharmacists, there are clinical pharmacists. Social pharmacies have licensed pharmacists and licensed pharmacists; Community pharmacists in community health service centers. Pharmacists have passed the vocational qualification education of pharmacy, or graduated from related majors, and worked in pharmaceutical professional posts for a certain period of time. After passing the examination, they will be certified by the relevant departments.
The traditional pharmaceutical education in China lacks the study of clinical medicine and other courses, and is based on chemistry. For a long time, pharmacists only have the professional quality of drug dispensing, preparation and drug inspection. In addition, China is a pharmacist who graduated from the College of Pharmacy. If he works in a hospital or social pharmacy after graduation, there is little chance to go out for further study. Therefore, most pharmacists in our country can only ensure the supply of qualified drugs by the quality of pharmaceutical services. The quality of pharmacists is an important factor affecting the level and quality of pharmaceutical services in China.
3. Suggestions on improving the quality of pharmacists
Improving the quality of pharmacists means improving the comprehensive quality of pharmacists, including professional ethics, pharmacy and medical knowledge, concepts and attitudes. In 2006, China OTC Pharmaceutical Association launched the activity of selecting "Seven-Star Pharmacists", requiring pharmacists to have the quality of "providing care, decision-making, communication, leadership, management, lifelong learning and guidance".
3. 1 Change ideas
The one-sided concept of "pharmacists distribute and manufacture drugs" in society should be changed to: pharmacists are responsible for ensuring drug quality, consulting and guiding rational drug use, and solving problems in drug use cannot be separated from pharmacists; Hospitals, social pharmacies and community health service centers should change the concept of "pharmacists create economic benefits from drugs" as follows: pharmacists should ensure the quality of drugs, save drug resources, improve the curative effect and produce social and economic benefits while supervising the whole process of drug use; The relevant departments at higher levels should change the concept of "pharmacists ensuring the supply of qualified drugs" into: pharmacists should not only ensure the quality of drugs, but also be responsible for the effects of qualified drugs in application, in vivo and after application; Pharmacists themselves should change the concept of "as long as the dispensing and pharmacy are correct, others have nothing to do with me": pharmacists should have the knowledge of clinical pharmacy, clinical medicine and clinical nursing, have the quality of "seven stars", be able to propose individualized medication plans for users for doctors' reference, monitor the whole process of medication, and be responsible for users' medication effects.
3.2 Establish the legal status of pharmacists
In China's medical institutions, the phenomenon of "emphasizing medicine over medicine" still exists, especially the status of pharmacists in primary medical institutions cannot be established. For example, in a primary medical institution (a third-class first-class hospital), the heads of all pharmaceutical departments in the unit are non-pharmaceutical personnel, and there are no pharmacists in the pharmaceutical affairs management team, so all pharmacists in the unit are excluded. There are still many licensed pharmacists in medical institutions who cannot register, and the annual continuing education funds are not reimbursed. Most of the legal representatives of social pharmacies in China are not licensed pharmacists. Social pharmacies mainly focus on economic benefits, and generally do not need licensed pharmacists to be on the job, even if licensed pharmacists are on the job, they can't really play their role. Although Article 5 of the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Pharmaceutical Affairs in Medical Institutions stipulates that "non-pharmaceutical professional technicians shall not engage in pharmaceutical professional technical work" [1]. Article 29 of the Prescription Management Measures stipulates: "Only those who have obtained the qualifications for professional and technical positions in pharmacy can engage in prescription dispensing" [2]. However, there are no corresponding penalties for violating these regulations. Although Jiangsu Province implemented the Regulations on Drug Supervision and Administration in Jiangsu Province on May 1 2008, the phenomenon that licensed pharmacists are not on the job still exists. The status of pharmacists cannot be guaranteed.
The state should establish and improve the corresponding pharmaceutical laws and regulations, establish the legal status of pharmacists in terms of treatment, responsibility and rights, and ensure that pharmacists engage in pharmaceutical services with "user-centered" and "safe, effective, economical and appropriate rational drug use as the center".
3.3 Accelerate the continuing education of in-service pharmacists
Pharmacists must speed up the continuing education of on-the-job pharmacists in order to be competent for the pharmaceutical service with "user-centered" and "rational drug use as the center". Relevant departments should make plans for the continuing education of on-the-job pharmacists to ensure that on-the-job pharmacists have the right to continue education.
Hospital pharmacists should adapt to the reform of medical and health system and cut off the way of "supporting doctors with medicine" Hospital pharmacists in outpatient pharmacies will probably be transformed into social pharmacies, and hospital pharmacists in inpatient pharmacies will be engaged in "clinical pharmacy as the core" pharmaceutical services. In-service hospital pharmacists should receive continuing education in clinical pharmacy, clinical medicine, clinical nursing and other knowledge in various forms: they can go out for further study in batches, hold various lectures and learn through online media. The pilot experience of in-service clinical pharmacist training in 50 hospitals across the country should be summarized in time and popularized quickly.
Social pharmaceutical pharmacists should also receive continuing education in clinical pharmacy, clinical medicine, nutrition and other knowledge; Learning network knowledge; It is necessary to learn to use medical reference books, rational drug use software and online media to provide pharmaceutical services for drug users to consult and guide drug use.
Hospital pharmacists, social pharmacy pharmacists and community pharmacists should develop the habit of lifelong self-study and constantly improve their own quality.
3.4 Trust and play the role of pharmacists
Hospitals, social pharmacies and community health service centers should fully trust pharmacists, mobilize their enthusiasm, give full play to their role in pharmaceutical services, provide necessary hardware and environment for pharmacists to carry out pharmaceutical services, affirm their achievements in pharmaceutical services, and give material and spiritual rewards.
It is necessary to encourage and support hospital pharmacists in hospital pharmacy to go deep into wards and provide pharmaceutical services for inpatients: understand the history of medication, write a medication calendar, and assist clinicians to solve medication problems for inpatients; It is necessary to encourage and support pharmacists in social pharmacies and community health service centers, be responsible for drug consultation and guidance for drug addicts, and establish drug use files for patients with chronic diseases.
Become a pharmaceutical consultant for drug addicts.
3.5 Strengthen the quality management of pharmacists
Strengthening the quality management of pharmacists will promote the quality improvement of pharmacists. The improvement of pharmacists' quality will improve the level and quality of pharmaceutical services.
To evaluate the quality of pharmacists, we should not only evaluate the titles of pharmacists, but also establish the quality files of pharmacists in the process of each pharmacist's growth. Comprehensive evaluation of each pharmacist's perennial continuing education, professional ethics, service attitude and users' satisfaction with pharmacists' pharmaceutical services; You can also draw up the standards of excellent pharmacists (such as "Seven-Star Pharmacists"), carry out the selection activities of excellent pharmacists, give certain material rewards to pharmacists who are rated as excellent pharmacists, and record them all in the quality files of pharmacists.
The quality of pharmacists will be closely related to their promotion and welfare.
The quality of pharmacists should meet the needs of pharmaceutical care
With the gradual improvement of people's cultural living standards in China and the reform of the medical and health system that the country has cut off the road of "taking medicine to support doctors", users' demand for pharmaceutical services is increasing.
4. 1 modern pharmaceutical service
Hospital drug prescription allocation will develop in the direction of electronic prescription and automatic dispensing, and outpatient pharmacy will gradually change to social pharmacy with the reform of medical and health system of "separation of medicine". The focus of hospital pharmaceutical services will shift to providing "clinical pharmacy as the core" pharmaceutical services for inpatients: monitoring blood drug concentration, consulting medication, designing individualized medication plan, collecting adverse drug reaction information, writing medication calendar, analyzing and evaluating medication, and participating in the clinical medication process with clinicians.
In addition to ensuring the supply of qualified drugs, social pharmacies will also be mainly responsible for drug consultation and drug guidance for drug consumers. Drug consumers can communicate with pharmacists in social pharmacies at any time through telephone and online media, get timely medication guidance and solve problems in drug neutralization. Social pharmacies will also establish electronic medication files for patients with chronic diseases who have used drugs for a long time; Pharmacists in social pharmacies will regularly or at any time call or make a special trip to follow up patients with chronic diseases who have been taking drugs for a long time to understand the situation of drug use and solve the problems in drug use.
On the basis of community health service, community pharmaceutical service will establish medication files in residents' health files. Community pharmacists go into the community to publicize and educate community residents on rational drug use; Go into the family, check the small family medicine box, and guide the storage and use of spare medicines at home; Centralized destruction of expired drugs to prevent medical accidents; To understand the situation of family medication, collect information on adverse drug reactions, and guide family medication. Community pharmacists are drug consultants for community residents.
4.2 The goal of pharmaceutical care in China
China is a developing country with a large population, and the problems of "expensive medical treatment" and "difficult medical treatment" among the people are still social hot issues. The goal of pharmaceutical care in China is to provide users with safe, effective, economical and appropriate rational drug use services, save drug resources, reduce adverse drug reactions and improve curative effect.
China's medical insurance industry is also developing rapidly. It is also one of the goals of pharmaceutical care to use drugs rationally in medical insurance and reduce the cost of drugs in medical insurance fund.
Rational allocation of China's limited drug resources, reducing waste and unreasonable application, so that everyone in China can enjoy the right of healthy and rational drug use, should always be the goal of pharmaceutical services.
4.3 The quality of pharmacists should meet the needs of pharmaceutical care.
The quality of pharmacists needs to adapt to the ever-changing needs of pharmaceutical services, and pharmacists should constantly learn new medical knowledge and constantly sum up and learn medication experience.
Pharmacists should form the habit of lifelong learning and research. Hospital pharmacists, social pharmacy pharmacists and community pharmacists should take advantage of academic conferences and other opportunities to exchange and learn from each other; Pharmacists should communicate with clinicians and nurses frequently to increase their knowledge and experience.
Pharmacists should adapt to China's national conditions, use their own pharmaceutical service skills and become the gatekeepers for users to save drug costs, such as "medical insurance", in order to save drug costs, improve curative effect, reduce the waste of drug resources and reduce adverse drug reactions. This is also
Important requirements of pharmaceutical service for pharmacists in China.
The improvement of pharmacists' quality depends not only on their own efforts, but also on the care and support of higher authorities. It also needs the understanding and support of all sectors of society; It needs the close cooperation of users. It is believed that the quality of pharmacists in China will be rapidly improved, and the level and quality of pharmaceutical services will also be greatly improved.