Abstract: Engineering quality is the core of engineering construction and the key to the success or failure of engineering construction. In recent years, with the opening of the national policy, some regions, departments and units have seriously neglected the quality of projects, pursued high profits unilaterally, blindly directed production, and ignored people's lives and property, making some projects "tofu dregs" projects, and even cracks and damages. The worst case is collapse, causing heavy casualties. The second time, the author solved the engineering quality problems, eliminated the hidden dangers of accidents and put forward effective treatment measures according to his own years of experience and combined with engineering construction.
First, speed up the basic work of quality management and implement the principle of "people-oriented". According to statistics, 88% of quality accidents are caused by human error. This requires all quality management personnel and operators engaged in construction to master relevant operating procedures and acceptance specifications. Create high-quality engineering quality with excellent working quality. In the process of reforming the employment system, we must strengthen quality education and training. Due to the reform of the national employment system, workers can enter and leave, talents are highly mobile, and enterprises have the right to choose their own jobs. At present, many construction enterprises implement contract workers, temporary workers and other forms of employment, which undoubtedly plays a great role in the development of enterprises, but there are also many disadvantages. Due to the increase of temporary workers, the workers in the new unit have poor foundation, low technology and unclear personal situation, and it is difficult to standardize management, which seriously affects the further improvement of project quality, especially a large number of rural craftsmen gradually flow into the front-line production workers of various construction enterprises, and the problem is particularly prominent. Some people simply don't know what norms and acceptance criteria are, but only care about collecting money after completion. Therefore, it is necessary to educate and train new workers, strengthen political and ideological education, labor discipline education, professional ethics education and professional and technical training, and make reasonable arrangements for their work from different people to ensure quality. Therefore, to put an end to engineering quality accidents, on the one hand, we should speed up the reform of employment system and gradually establish a relatively stable and reasonable construction team with contract workers as the main body and temporary workers as the adjustment. On the other hand, at the same time of team adjustment, quality education and training should be strengthened to improve the quality awareness of construction personnel. Stimulate their enthusiasm for learning culture and technology, improve their operating skills, and make them have the awareness, knowledge and skills to improve quality. Only in this way can the stable improvement of construction quality have a solid foundation.
The implementation of the contract responsibility system must focus on the quality responsibility system. Establish a quality assurance network headed by the project manager, be responsible for the supervision of daily construction operation and consciously accept the quality supervision of relevant departments. Once quality problems are found, they should be rectified and summarized immediately. In recent years, the project contracting responsibility system of enterprises has been fully implemented. Practice has proved that the success or failure of implementing the contract system in enterprises depends largely on the quality awareness of project managers, engineering technicians and workers, the implementation of quality responsibility system and the quality of projects. If we can't correctly treat the position of quality responsibility system in contract management responsibility system and overcome the behavior driven by pure profit concept, it will definitely have an impact on enterprise contracting, and if these problems are not handled well, it will definitely affect the survival and development of enterprises.
Second, we must strengthen the import of materials. Invigorating the building materials market, promoting the production of building materials, dredging the circulation links and promoting the development of the construction industry. However, many building materials enterprises, especially some newly established township building materials enterprises, produce low-quality building materials products due to backward technology, insufficient funds, poor staff quality and poor management. In addition, dealers use "kickbacks", "tips" and other improper means to promote products in the circulation process, resulting in many inferior products being used in construction projects. Strengthen the quality control of building materials, strictly control the purchase, and ensure that unqualified products are not purchased or used. Only in this way can the project quality be reliably guaranteed. At the same time, the inspection system must be strict, and the trial production of raw materials, semi-finished products, finished parts and new products must be strictly controlled to eliminate hidden dangers of accidents.
Third, unreasonable design, non-compliance with quality requirements or fundamental design errors may bring serious consequences to the project quality. Before construction, the construction personnel should be familiar with the drawings, raise any questions and mistakes in time, and do not blindly follow the drawings. I have encountered such problems in the construction. This project is a precast pile foundation, but after the foundation cap construction, it will enter the foundation beam construction. According to the design drawings, the pile with four corners 1.8m in this project belongs to the cantilever structure, so the internal reinforcement of the foundation beam of the cantilever part should be in the cantilever beam structure, but it is clearly indicated in the drawings that the main reinforcement is in the lower part, which is the reinforcement of the middle supporting beam. If the construction is carried out according to the drawing, it will cause incalculable major accidents. To this end, my project department quickly contacted the design institute and found the original design director to report the situation. Finally, the hospital redesigned and replaced the construction drawings. This will avoid a quality accident and win the reputation of the enterprise. Fourthly, the development of construction market has broken the situation of regional monopoly and promoted the formation and development of market competition mechanism. During the transitional period, the management can't keep up and the market is not standardized, resulting in some confusion, such as unlicensed construction, unlicensed construction, leapfrog construction, subcontracting at different levels, selling certificates, impersonating, unqualified qualifications, etc., which seriously affects the improvement of engineering quality. Therefore, it is particularly important to strictly examine the qualifications of construction enterprises, especially to pay attention to quality. It is suggested that the competent government departments regularly and irregularly review the qualifications of construction enterprises, and the projects under the name of first-and second-class enterprises should not be subcontracted to third-and fourth-class enterprises through layers. Those who do not meet the requirements will be dealt with seriously, and those with serious circumstances will be punished by law. Only in this way can the level of construction projects be consistent with the qualifications of the teams undertaking the projects, and the quality of the projects can be guaranteed.
Of course, in addition to the above subjective points, there are many objective factors that cause quality accidents. For example, in terms of machinery, it is very important to choose suitable mechanical equipment according to different technological characteristics and technical requirements: the construction technology and technical measures should closely focus on the premise of ensuring quality; In terms of environment, we should take effective measures to control the factors that affect quality ... In short, we must establish the idea of "prevention first" to nip in the bud quality problems. Because the quality of the project is an important matter for future generations, it is not only related to the effective use of national construction funds, but also related to the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy and the safety of people's lives and property, and directly related to the economic benefits of construction enterprises.
To sum up, this paper analyzes the causes of quality accidents and the methods and importance of prevention. Indeed, the quality management of construction projects is highly centralized and scientific. Therefore, from the project manager to every worker, we should have a high sense of quality. Quality is the life of an enterprise, and quality is benefit. In action, it is necessary to strictly implement relevant specifications and acceptance standards, and monitor each working procedure at different levels. Only in this way can we put an end to and prevent quality accidents and deliver satisfactory projects.
refer to
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[3] Li Xiufeng. Treatment of engineering quality problems and quality accidents [J]. Modernization of Building Management, 2003, (04).