Liu Yong was one of the dazzling stars in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ye Mengde in the Southern Song Dynasty recorded in "Tales of Summer" that "where there is well water to drink, you can sing willow words" is proof. Among the numerous Liu Ci poems, Yulin Ling is one of the most popular masterpieces. Later generations have a joke that "the wind and the moon change three times, and the powder drops and leaves a message". Liu Yong, formerly known as Sanbian, was named Qing. When I was a teenager, I went to Bianjing to take the exam. Because I am good at lyrics and songs, I am familiar with many geisha, writing lyrics and composing music for them, showing a prodigal style. At that time, he was recommended to Injong, who only approved four words and said, "Let's write lyrics." After being hit, Liu Yong was helpless and jokingly called himself "Liu Sanbian" and lived a wandering life in Bianjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other cities. Frustrated and bored, with the encouragement of musicians and geisha, this melodic lyricist created a large number of new Yuefu (slow words) suitable for singing, which was welcomed by the general public.

Since ancient times, there have been endless poems and songs expressing the feelings of men and women's parting, and Liu Yong's unique slow word "Yulinling" is enduring for a long time, which is really worth studying. The reason is closely related to the author's bumpy life experience, but I think the success of Ling lies in its unique expression techniques: clear hierarchy, clear meaning, description of scenery, pouring out feelings and little concealment; Good at using the "spot dyeing" method, repeatedly smearing and rendering the effect. Let's make a superficial analysis of Yu Lin Ling.

A bell ringing in the rain

The cicadas in autumn are so sad and urgent, facing the pavilion, it is in the evening and a sudden rain has just stopped. Farewell outside Kyoto, but not in the mood to drink, reluctant to leave, the people on board have been urging to start. Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it. Thinking about thinking, thousands of miles of smoke, dusk, chutiankuo. Emotional parting has existed since ancient times, and it is more comparable. It is also a cold autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Yang Liuan, Xiao Feng and the waning moon. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. Even if it is full of emotions, who can enjoy it together?

This poem about parting love can be described as well prepared. The whole word revolves around the idea of "parting from sorrow", which is particularly clear in level and concise in language. Before writing farewell, focus on outlining the environment; When writing farewell, we should focus on describing modality; Don't imagine after writing, focus on depicting psychology. Three levels, in-depth, writing all the parting feelings from different levels can be amazing.

The first three paragraphs of a sentence indicate time, place and scenery, and the event is to say goodbye to the beloved. At night, the shower stopped, cicadas moaned and the pavilion said goodbye. How can people bear the pain of parting! This cicada song helps to add sadness. Say "sadness" from the beginning and set the tone for the word. This floor has formed a bleak atmosphere. The sentence "Doumen" is very tactful and tortuous when writing a farewell dinner. When the two feelings are inseparable, the passenger ship is constantly urging. Psychological contradiction, want to drink, no mood, want to stay. From this, we can see the strong nostalgia. The sentence of "holding hands" is further discredited, which makes people feel even more sad in "holding hands", "looking at each other" and "being speechless". This floor is full of nostalgia. The above two layers are full of cycles, setbacks and throughput, which is enough to make people sigh. After thinking about going, the atmosphere is exemplified, such as the river flowing out of the gorge, and the text is straightforward. Prefixed with the word "year", it means that the road after departure is far away, "a thousand miles of smoke and waves, the dusk is heavy and wide", the smoke and waves are vast, the dusk is heavy and the sky is vast, all about scenery, but in fact, they are all about feelings, setting off an infinite future for travelers, endless lovers meeting, endless scenery and infinite feelings. I changed my head with emotion and lamented the sad parting from ancient times to the present. "Sad parting" pointed out the main idea of this word. The phrase "what's more, it's as cold as clear autumn festival" has been upgraded to a higher level, not to mention that I can't stand the cold in clear autumn! This is a combination of Jiang Yan's Biefu and Song Yu's sadness about autumn, and these two sentences are extracted. Melt this feeling of the ancients into their own words and give it new meaning. The sentence "tonight" further infers the desolation after leaving, but the scenery is beautiful and real, just like what others saw on the boat after waking up. This sentence lies in the scenery. "I often go. Willow is Yiyi." ("The Book of Songs, Picking Wei") is also about parting. As soon as the parting person sees the willow, he will think of the parting scene, and the scene of giving away the willow will emerge, and his heart will swell with sadness. The word "Yang Liuan" clearly describes the prospect and secretly describes the feelings of other times, which is implicit and has a aftertaste. I stayed there for a while and forgot that it was an idea. The phrase "a visit here", and then think about the long-term loneliness after leaving, wasted a good time. Judging from the experience of the last two sentences, the sentence "I will have it" will go deeper. It's hard to sigh, and no one told me to push the feeling of parting to a climax artistically. The third layer above is really "endless resentment and endless aftertaste" (Tang Guizhang's A Brief Introduction to Tang and Song Ci).

This word is about parting, parting, and all kinds of thoughts after parting. It describes the scenery in simple terms, pours out feelings, has distinct levels and clear meaning, and rarely covers up false borrowing. In particular, the scene description after parting is more real than reality. Taking it as a scene makes people not think it is fiction, which shows the subtlety of Liu Yong's artistic techniques. So some people call it "subtle and thoughtful, but the scenery is affectionate." .....' Yang Liuan Xiaofeng waning moon', so it is also very popular. "(Xie" Gambling Chess Villa ") Some people think that" A Thousand Miles of Smoke "is a good mood to say goodbye; Various', willing to credit. What an expressive person. "(Li Panlong's" Caotang Poetry ") All this shows the beauty of this word. But I think Liu Xizai's stippling theory in An Introduction to Art is more commendable. He thinks:

The words are a little dirty, and the three sentences of "missing" in Qi Qing's "Lin Yuling" point out that it is cold to leave; The sentence "tonight" is dyed from the last three sentences. There must be no other words between points, otherwise the epigram will become lifeless.

In fact, Liu Xizai's comments mainly focus on the description of Ci, showing the skills of deepening description and repeated smearing in Liu Ci. It is subtle and bold. In other words, the clever use of lyricism and scenery description in Liu Ci can be described as painting in Ci. Lyricism, especially philosophy. The so-called "sentimental injury since ancient times, but it is more worthy of being left out in the clear autumn festival." What's so sad about parting in autumn? The feelings were extremely painful, and I was infected with "Where are you awake tonight?" "Yang Liuan and Xiaofeng Canyue" is even more sad, and the scene is integrated. This parting scene is obtained by adding the three sentences of "I want to leave", which are taken care of before and after and euphemistically. Liu Ci's stippling skill is really successful, especially this poem.

Author's E-mail: Duan 1234@hotmail.com