In addition to the daily management and maintenance of environment and equipment hardware, we should also pay attention to the management of using software and piecemeal software, and the results presented by software will also cause great damage to computer management and data maintenance. The following is a model essay I shared with you through J.L. on how to strengthen the management and system maintenance of enterprise computer rooms.
The management and sporadic maintenance of enterprise computer room is one of the important tasks of information management department, and the safe, stable and efficient operation of computer room equipment is the fundamental guarantee to complete enterprise management informatization. Strengthening computer room management and piecemeal maintenance, and removing software and hardware obstacles in time can effectively improve the degree of enterprise informatization use, thus enhancing the core competitiveness of enterprises. At present, with the increasing dependence of enterprises on fragmentary information, the management and fragmentary maintenance of computer rooms have absolutely lost their attention, but there are also outstanding achievements, mainly in the environment, equipment, software and hardware. Therefore, this paper analyzes a series of achievements in computer room environment, security, management and maintenance of computer software and hardware, and puts forward measures to strengthen the management and maintenance of computer room, so as to complete the continuous progress of enterprise informatization.
Keywords: computer; Computer room management; Sporadic maintenance
With the development of information technology, the management form of enterprises is undergoing major changes, and enterprise management is more and more dependent on computer information. Especially in group enterprises, fragmented information is generally deployed in a centralized form, and fragmented network architecture and software and hardware platforms are deployed in the enterprise center computer room, thus forming an enterprise data center and becoming the central asset of many enterprises. Here, the author combines some professional knowledge and the theoretical experience of the group for many years, and puts forward some humble opinions on the achievements of the current computer room management task.
First, the achievements of computer room management
1. 1 There are environmental safety hazards in the enterprise computer room.
One of the most important factors affecting the normal operation of computers is dust. Due to the electrostatic adsorption of the equipment itself, dust is very harmful to the computer. In a dusty environment, it is easy to damage the external parts of the machine, cover up the precise parts on the computer motherboard, affect the heat dissipation of the computer, and form a high-grade computer life reduction. In addition, too high temperature and inappropriate humidity in the computer room will also affect the normal operation of the computer, affecting the volatility and reliability of bits and pieces. Therefore, we should attach importance to environmental supervision.
1.2 Lack of investment in computer room management and maintenance.
Computer maintenance and management requires certain manpower, material resources and financial resources. Insufficient capital investment leads to incomplete related management equipment and equipment, which greatly limits information management. Long-term overload operation of computers poses a great threat to piecemeal security and information management.
1.3 the quality of computer room managers is not high, and the computer operation is not skilled.
In the process of computer room management, due to mistakes in operation and other achievements, it is easy to change or lose data. If you don't pay attention, it will even lead to computer hardware damage and endanger the normal operation of the computer. When the computer faces problems, if it is not handled in time, it will bury serious hidden dangers, so it is necessary to strengthen the computer management level and the progress of the quality and management skills of managers.
1.4 lack of perfect equipment management system.
First, the technical files of the computer are not perfect, and the equipment managers do not know the basic information of the equipment and the technical parameters such as software and hardware, which has a great influence on the future management and maintenance of the computer. Second, the equipment application is not good. The utilization rate of information fragmentation resources is low, which reduces the fragmentation efficiency. Third, lack of equipment maintenance. According to statistics, most of the piecemeal achievements of computers are due to improper use or untimely maintenance.
Second, the requirements and measures of computer room maintenance and management
2. 1 Environmental requirements and measures
2. 1. 1 temperature and humidity requirements
Computer-related equipment, such as AC machine, server, communication power supply, etc., requires higher temperature and humidity in the computer room. Excessive temperature transition will affect the heat dissipation function of equipment and slow down the aging of semiconductor data, thus affecting the task parameters of transistors and disturbing the fluctuation and reliability of circuits. Excessive temperature transition will also form the breakdown of components, causing various obstacles. Generally speaking, it is advisable to keep the computer on at 18 ~ 24℃ and the computer off at 0 ~ 40℃. Because there are many hardware devices in the computer room and they are absolutely concentrated, the equipment runs all the year round and generates a lot of heat. Generally, the temperature of the computer room should be kept below 22℃. In addition, there are corresponding requirements for the humidity performance of the computer room. Excessive wet crossing is easy to cause corrosion of metal parts of equipment, which is very harmful to equipment. At the same time, the insulation between the circuit board and plug wire will be formed, and even a short circuit will be caused. But when the air humidity is too low, it will produce electrostatic effect and threaten the safety of equipment. Therefore, the temperature and humidity of the computer room should be strictly controlled within a suitable range.
2. 1.2 electrical environment requirements
The requirements of the computer room for electrical environment mainly refer to anti-static and anti-electromagnetic interference. A small amount of semiconductor data is used outside the computer, which is very sensitive to static electricity, and the huge high voltage generated by static electricity is enough to breakdown such semiconductor components. Therefore, the anti-static movable floor should be laid outside the machine room, the floor bracket should be grounded, and anti-static measures should be taken for the walls. The grounding resistance of electrostatic protection should not be greater than 10? Chemical fiber floor should not be laid. Foreigners are not allowed to enter important places in the computer room at will, especially those wearing chemical fiber clothing. When working in the computer room, the task personnel should wear anti-static clothes and anti-static shoes to prevent the task personnel from walking back and forth and generating static electricity due to excessive friction. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the prevention of electromagnetic interference in the computer room. Electromagnetic interference will damage the hardware and software of the equipment. Therefore, the equipment cabinet door should be closed normally, and attention should be paid to the interval between equipment during installation to avoid mutual interference between equipment. In this regard, shielding measures can be taken.
2. 1.3 dustproof requirements
Dust prevention measures should be taken in the computer room, and a good task environment should be adhered to in the computer room. Too much dust outside the equipment will lead to poor insulation or poor contact, and in severe cases, it will also form a short circuit or damage the equipment. There are many purifying substances in the air. Once these purified substances enter the computer room, they are easily adsorbed on the circuit board. If it is not cleaned for a long time, the following functions will be hindered. For example, the function value of equipment components changes suddenly, lacking fragmentary volatility, and the signal transmission frequency changes suddenly, which leads to the loss or damage of information transmission, and even the premature aging of circuit boards. Therefore, in order to keep the indoor air clean, air conditioning filters should be installed, attention should be paid to maintenance, and the dust in the indoor computer room should be increased, and unattended operation should be adopted. In addition, we should also pay attention to the maintenance of related equipment to prevent the above achievements.
2. 1.4 ventilation and lighting requirements
Inside and outside the computer room, corridors and intersections should be kept unobstructed, and sundries should not be piled up at will. In the current period, ventilation should be opened to increase the addition and humidity of corrosive gases in the machine room. As for the lighting achievements, the lighting modes of computer rooms can be divided into general lighting and local lighting. There are strict requirements for the lighting of the computer room. If the lighting is stopped by opening a window, it is easy to cause a small amount of dust to enter the computer room. Strong lighting will have a grand impact on the aging of the display and will also damage the vision of the task personnel. Therefore, the lighting of the computer room should be mainly indoor lighting to prevent internal light from entering. In addition, attention should be paid to the control of indoor noise to ensure that the noise generated by air conditioners, fans, transformers and filters has an impact on the task personnel, and the indoor noise should be controlled within 50db.
2. 1.5 environmental maintenance measures
Through the piecemeal monitoring of environmental monitoring, the relevant environmental parameters of the computer room are recorded, and the computer room is monitored in real time, so as to increase the influence of sudden environmental events on the operation mode of equipment in the computer room. Detailed environmental maintenance measures are as follows: First, the computer room can be equipped with exclusive cables due to the achievements caused by power supply, and at the same time, reasonable power supply configuration should be adopted to prevent the power supply from being overloaded for a long time. It is necessary to equip two sets of power supplies in strict accordance with the regulations and use two-way power supply. Secondly, regarding the indoor temperature of the computer room, in order to prevent the room temperature from being too high, we should take cooling measures and insist on ventilation. First of all, we should pay attention to the following aspects to ensure fire safety: equipped with fire fighting equipment according to standards, and checked fire alarm equipment as needed; It is forbidden to pile up sundries, inflammable, explosive, corrosive and strong magnetic materials in the computer room; Smoking is strictly prohibited in the computer room; Temporarily stop pulling the power cord in the machine room and stop the current self-inspection of temporary equipment to prevent fire; Computer room managers should always supervise the implementation of the management system and really do a good job in fire prevention and theft prevention.
2.2 Safety management requirements and measures
In order to ensure the safety of the computer room, the task personnel should stop the maintenance and safety management of all kinds of classification and operation in the computer room according to the requirements of post responsibilities. The safety management of computer room includes the following aspects.
2.2. 1 Do a good job in electricity safety management.
Because there are a lot of equipment in the computer room, the equipment lines are chaotic. If you are not careful, you will lose your equipment and even cause a fire. Therefore, we must do a good job in the management of safe electricity use. The computer room adopts dual power supply and ups battery to ensure the normal power supply of the computer room. Servers, ups power supplies, network equipment and air-conditioning fans outside the computer room should be stopped by professionals in strict accordance with the rules. Non-task personnel are not allowed to operate at will or change fragmentary settings without permission. Regularly reflect on the safety of power supply in the computer room to eliminate hidden dangers.
2.2.2 Do a good job in equipment safety management.
Computer room management personnel should conscientiously implement the monitoring responsibility of each computer room, and stop self-inspection and maintenance of all kinds of equipment in the computer room in strict accordance with the rules. Find the presented results in time, make relevant reports, deal with various faults and results presented piecemeal, and ensure the normal operation of the equipment. Non-mission personnel are not allowed to enter without permission. In case of cancellation under special circumstances, the personnel entering and leaving the computer room must fill in the cancellation form, and stop the relevant operations under the guidance of the task personnel, and stop the operators who violate the relevant operations in time. At the same time, the task personnel should stop the 24-hour duty system to ensure the safety of the equipment in the computer room.
2.2.3 Do a good job in data security management.
In the process of piecemeal operation, a small amount of data will occur every day, and the relevant data should be maintained and managed well. It should constitute a set of efficient data backup fragments and quick repair of single data fragments, do a good job of current or non-current data backup, and ensure that fragments can be lost in time after problems occur. At the same time, we should also do a good job in preventing viruses, which are harmful to computer equipment and easy to form network paralysis and data loss. Therefore, the anti-virus software and hardware firewall can ensure the safety of data and the normal operation of equipment. In addition, we must strictly abide by the confidentiality system. Without permission, relevant information and data shall not be copied and downloaded; Without consent, no one may misappropriate or lend all kinds of equipment and materials in the computer room.
2.3 Requirements and measures for hardware management
The hardware equipment in the computer room is the basis of computer operation, which is frequently used and easily damaged. In order to ensure the normal operation of the computer room, the reasonable management of computer hardware must be stopped. The task circuit board, connectors and other components of the equipment shall not vibrate at will, and the daily management and dust removal maintenance of the equipment hardware shall be stopped. Task personnel should stop the self-inspection and maintenance of the current hardware room, find the results in time, and replace the parts that present the results. Maintenance measures should be taken for minor components in the equipment, such as motherboard, memory, cpu, graphics card, sound card and network card. Motherboard is related to fragmentation, and once the performance is presented, it will lead to fragmentation performance of the whole machine. If the capacitor on the motherboard is used for a long time, it will present the scene of Explosicum, which will lead to frequent computer restart. In this case, management and maintenance can be stopped. Poor memory contact is also a common achievement in the computer room, which easily leads to a black screen of the computer. The cpu will burn out temporarily at low temperature. Therefore, in addition to stopping dust removal in the current period, heat dissipation measures should be taken, and dust removal fans and vacuum cleaners can be configured to cope with such achievements. Generally speaking, it is not easy for a graphics card to display the results, but improper handling of wires and network cables will trip the lines of the graphics card and the monitor and easily burn the graphics card. Therefore, according to different achievements, corresponding measures should be taken to stop protection, solve problems in time and ensure the normal operation of equipment.
In addition, the following aspects should be achieved in the maintenance of hardware: (1) Stop the cancellation management of hardware equipment; Implement the current self-inspection and maintenance management system; Stop the backup storage of the corresponding hardware equipment and solve the hardware problems in time; Stop recording and analyzing every hardware fault, and improve the efficiency of hardware piecemeal maintenance and management tasks.
2.4 Requirements and measures for piecemeal maintenance and software management
In addition to the daily management and maintenance of environment and equipment hardware, we should also pay attention to the management of using software and piecemeal software, and the results presented by software will also cause great damage to computer management and data maintenance. Therefore, regarding piecemeal maintenance and software management, we can strengthen management from the following aspects. First of all, we should do a good job in the management of using piecemeal operation logs, make records and improve the corresponding piecemeal management operation tasks. Secondly, do a good job in data management, add, delete and modify fragmentary user data, current operation and diagnostic sequence operation, do a good job in data storage and management, and regularly kill viruses. Initially, managers should make a good record of the cancellation of piecemeal operations and keep the piecemeal data confidential to avoid the legal change, disclosure, loss and destruction of the piecemeal data. The servers in the computer room should be specially managed by the computer administrator, and the account password should be set for the piecemeal operation of the computer, and it should be replaced on the current basis, and the use of computers by non-task personnel should be strictly controlled.
Third, the finished language.
With regard to the management of computer room, we should not only do a good job in environmental maintenance, software and hardware management, but also increase the input of manpower, material resources and financial resources, constantly improve the operational skills and professional quality of task personnel, and rely on superstitious and strict systems and weak management to improve the safety and ineffectiveness of enterprise computer room. Many achievements in computer room management need to be improved from time to time, and innovative management forms also need to be explored from time to time. There is still a long way to go for computer room management and piecemeal maintenance tasks.
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