Hungarian: Liszt ferenc

( 18 1 1. 10.22 - 1886.7.3 1)

Hungarian composer, pianist, conductor and music activist, one of the main representatives of romantic music.

Franz Liszt was born in Reading, Hungary on1October 22nd. At that time, Hungary was a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Liszt's father was Hungarian and his mother was German in Austria, so he had two names, which were spelled in Hungarian and German respectively. Liszt grew up speaking German with his mother and didn't learn to write in Hungarian until his later years.

Liszt began to learn music at the age of six and moved to Vienna soon after. He was a disciple of antonio salieri (or salieri), carl czerny, severiano reija and Bell.

From 65438 to 0823, Liszt came to Paris, influenced by the thoughts of romantic writers and artists such as Hugo, Ramadan and chateaubriand, and yearned for the bourgeois revolution. Musically, he advocated title music and created the genre of symphonic poems, including Tasso, Prelude, Hungary and so on 13 symphonic poems.

Under the influence of Paganini, Liszt composed nineteen hungarian rhapsody, twelve piano etudes and superb etudes. He established the neo-romanticism principle, which was opposite to the college atmosphere and citizen habits, and supported the creation of composers such as Albertnis, Bedrich Smetana, Chopin, Berlioz and Wagner. According to legend, Beethoven admired his genius after listening to his performance, and once went on stage to hug and kiss Liszt, which became a story of Liszt's music growth.

From 1848, he lived in Weimar, served as the court music director of Weimar, and frequently traveled between Rome and Budapest. 1876, founded Budapest National Conservatory of Music, and served as president.

On July 3rd1886, Liszt died of pneumonia in Bayreuther.

The tendency of progressive democracy in Liszt's creative activities is largely related to Hungary's national liberation movement (including socialism). The piano piece hungarian rhapsody is inseparable from the name of Liszt, just as waltz is inseparable from Strauss and symphony is inseparable from Beethoven. Liszt's works are rich in color and imagination, which fully tap the acoustic function of the piano and put forward high requirements for the performer's skills. As the most outstanding pianist of that era, he made great contributions to the development of keyboard music. In his later works, he used the harmony language widely used in the 20th century for the first time. His piano music has been included in the world classical piano music literature treasure house.

Hungarian rhapsody, the nineteen piano works created by Liszt, occupies a particularly important position in his piano works. These works not only give full play to the musical expression of the piano, but also set an outstanding musical model for the creation of Rhapsody, a musical genre. These works are based on the folk songs and folk dance music of Hungary and Hungarian gypsies, and have been artistically processed and developed, so they all have distinct national colors. These pieces of music are refined in structure and rich in musical ideas. Music language and expression are closely related to Hungarian country dance music and urban rap music. Although the form of music changes from time to time, the image of music is always bright and simple, which embodies the perfect unity of natural beauty and artistic beauty.

He was the first national musician to raise the Hungarian national voice to the world level. He has patriotic thoughts and democratic thoughts, enthusiasm for changing life, and negative emotions of doubt and disappointment, but the former is often dominant, not the latter. Liszt is a contemporary of Chopin, but he left the motherland earlier than Chopin, so his thoughts and creations cannot be simply classified as "national music school". However, as a Hungarian, Liszt is sincerely concerned about the cause of the motherland; The history of the nation, heroes, tones and rhythms of folk music have been vividly embodied and used in his creation. In addition, his strong support and encouragement to young composers in Eastern Europe, Northern Europe and Russia has played a positive role in promoting the development of European national music schools. In his motherland, people always call him a great "national artist".

Liszt created the form of symphonic poetry. He wrote 13 symphonic poems and is one of the creators of modern piano technology.

Liszt's most important works include Faust Symphony, Dante Symphony, hungarian rhapsody, Prelude to Symphony Poetry, Mazeppa, Four Piano Concertos, Piano Sonata in B Minor, 12 Ultra-skill Etudes and Travel Years.

Liszt's most collectible album version is:

1. karajan conducted Berlin Philharmonic's symphonic poems, including Prelude, Mazeppa, Sorrow and Victory of Tasso, Waltz No.2 by Mephisto fellers, Fantasia of Hungarian Folk Songs, No.2 and No.5 by hungarian rhapsody, DG, CD No.415967-.

2. Bernstein conducts Tanglewood Music Festival Choir, and Boston Symphony Orchestra plays Faust Symphony, DG, CD No.447449-20 Penguin comments on Samsung.

3. richter plays, two piano concertos of London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Kunderasin, Philips, CD No.446 200-2, Penguin comments on Samsung.

4. Berman, Complete Works of Travel Years, DG, CD No.437 206-2 (3 pieces).

5. Bolai's "12 Super Skill Etude", Decca, CDNo. 4 14 60 1-2. Penguin comments Samsung keeps one star.

6. 15 rhapsody of hungarian rhapsody and Spain played by Czechoslovakia, EMI, CZSS 69003-2 (two parts), rated by Penguin as Samsung.

7. Mephisto fellers's Waltz No.1, Water Play of Este Manor, Meditating Man, hungarian rhapsody's No.15, Sonata in B minor played by Planev. Melodiya, CD number MCD 172o O.

8. Two ballads and two legends, six consolations, fantasia and fugue played by Zilber Stein, adapted from Bach, DG, CD No.447 755-2 impromptu and Chinese dance music.

9. Gus specifically played the chorus mass of John College Choir (played by Atkinson, Dink R, Royal, Kendall and Suat, and organ in kroeber), and Decca, CD No.430364-2 (the same as dvorak's mass in D major).

10. Collection of songs sung by Fischer Dieskau and accompanied by barenboim, record number: 447 508-2 (3 songs).

Brief introduction of some famous works of Liszt;

Dream of love

A Dream of Love, S54 1, is actually three serenades. According to "Three Songs for Tenor or Soprano Solo" attached to the poems of Wulan (Ludwig Wulan, 1788- 1862) and Flanders Lillard (Dre Lidfoot), * * * three songs: 1. According to Wu Lan's "Hehe Liede", andantino in A flat major is expressive. 2. According to Seligen Tod by Ulan, it is very similar to Adagio in E major. 3. Allegro, elegant, in A flat major, written according to Lillard's "Olied, so land du lieder kannst".

One of the concert etudes: the whisper of the forest

From his youth, influenced by Chopin, Paganini and others, Liszt practiced his piano skills hard and became a leading pianist. After that, he also created some Chopin-style etudes. "Valdes Laushen" is one of two concert etudes that Liszt gave to his disciple Pruckner, which was composed in 1862- 1863. Love and worship of nature is a major feature of romantic writers' creation, and the composer has already understood the true meaning of the world's prosperity and adversity when he wrote this song. He overlooks the secular world in Mario Mountain, where the Monastery of Notre Dame de Rosario is located, and has his own personal feelings when writing this famous philosophical song. Liszt developed music from whisper (pp, extremely weak) to hurricane-like momentum (fff, the strongest), showing unique romanticism.

Overture of Tang Haoshe

Hauser was originally Wagner's three-act opera. Written in 1842- 1845, the full name is "Singing Competition between Tang Haoshe and Walterburg". The music kicked off the ceremony with a trumpet-like performance, and the music entered an elegant "elegant theme", which made people seem to see the parade of handsome men and beautiful women. The overture of Tang Haoshe can be said to be the epitome of the whole story. The whole work is not only technically complex, but also magnificent. There are three parts, the middle part shows the world of Fort Venus with a hunch of meat, and the two parts are the music of devout pilgrims. Moreover, this is an opera adaptation with a grand structure, from various fast scales, arpeggios, disyllables to octaves, and chords jumping from left to right. It is a typical dazzling work written by Liszt.

Mefistofele waltz

This piece by Liszt is often called the devil's waltz, because Mefistofele is the devil in Goethe's Faust. Liszt's works were originally piano solos. 1862, the composer adapted it into a symphonic poem with a length of about 10 minutes, and later developed it into the last movement of the three-movement symphony Faust, with a total length of about 70 minutes. The piano version of Mefistofele Waltz is the masterpiece of Liszt's dazzling works.