1 Problems in Chinese teaching in special education at present
For a hearing-impaired person, especially a person who has severe hearing loss automatically, two of the four basic abilities are first lost, and it is difficult to cope with ordinary daily life. Chinese teaching is to enable deaf students to acquire Chinese ability to adapt to society and daily life. While completing the teaching and training of basic Chinese knowledge, we should pay attention to developing students' cognitive ability, thinking ability and intelligence, which is an organic unity. From the linguistic point of view, Chinese ability mainly includes four basic abilities: listening, speaking, reading and deciding, while deaf children themselves can't hear, and the only obstacles they directly cause are reading and writing. In Chinese class, teachers pay too much attention to their own explanations, ignoring the problems that students have in the learning process, failing to solve students' problems in time and combining inquiry teaching with classroom knowledge control, which hinders the improvement of teaching quality. Because of their own problems, students who receive special education are relatively slow to receive knowledge in class, while teachers only care about their own teaching and ignore the attention to students' learning progress, which will make students feel inferior and even dampen their enthusiasm for learning. At the same time, the method of mechanical memory can not complete the innovation breakthrough, which is not conducive to the improvement of Chinese teaching efficiency in special education.
2 Let Chinese teaching in special education return to reality
Through Chinese learning, we can cultivate all-round ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Chinese is the foundation and tool of other disciplines, which has certain connection with other disciplines and can be infiltrated in teaching in time. This class can talk about a lot of content, which not only improves the interest in learning, but also consolidates or relearns other knowledge in the class, which has a certain promoting effect on the formation of its comprehensive ability. Education comes from life, and education and life are inseparable. The concept of new curriculum reform points out that Chinese teaching should be close to life and students. Therefore, under the guidance of new ideas, Chinese teaching in special education should bring teaching activities back to reality, thus improving the Chinese practice of special groups and improving students' Chinese ability and level. Language and writing are used to convey ideas, especially China's language, which pays the most attention to verve. If there is no sense of image and no understanding of words, how can students really feel a work and write a good work? In special education groups, most students have such defects, and many students can only experience external things through one of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste. Therefore, life is the basis for students to learn in special groups and the continuation of classroom education, while the past indoctrination and explanation teaching methods are not conducive to students' learning Chinese. Teachers in special education schools must be people-oriented. They must implant Chinese teaching into students' lives, further stimulate students' enthusiasm and initiative as learning subjects, regard teaching objectives and requirements as students' needs, let students learn in life, live in learning, and then acquire dynamic knowledge.
3. Carry out Chinese teaching activities based on the actual situation of special education students.
In terms of teaching methods, "practice", "teaching" and "results" are emphasized. It emphasizes the language training of deaf students, but ignores the formation and development of deaf students' thinking, emphasizes the training of spoken language and ignores the training of written language. In classroom teaching, stationery is more used to analyze and explain broken sentences, words and sentences, while ignoring the overall training of Chinese ability. The teaching mode is outdated, which is "injection" and "spoon-feeding". The teacher speaks for 45 minutes and the students listen for 45 minutes. Teachers work hard and students work hard, but the efficiency is not high. Students are just "containers" for accepting knowledge and mechanically mastering "dead" and inflexible knowledge. Its initiative has not been brought into play. Fourthly, it is often because teachers only talk about one book per semester and students only read one book per semester, and there are almost no other reading materials. The language barrier of deaf students makes them get only one book. Students have studied at school for nine years and read less than 500 texts. In this way, the scope of Chinese teaching can only be narrower and narrower, and finally it will enter a "dead end". In addition, due to the objective reasons of scattered schools for the deaf, there is a lack of regular communication and proper discussion between schools, and teachers have been isolated for a long time, which greatly limits the improvement of their own quality and teaching level. Teachers can carry out personalized and hierarchical teaching in the classroom. Personalized teaching is a kind of personalized teaching that teachers take into account students' different personalities, hobbies, qualities and advantages. For example, some students like to answer questions, while others like to study silently. Then, in teaching, teachers should strengthen training, give higher standards to subjects with students' advantages, and carry out low-intensity exercises for students with fixed thinking patterns, set up ways suitable for students, and improve students' Chinese thinking.
4 Close contact with life practice, increase life practice
(A) careful observation of life, cognitive life
Some Chinese descriptions in Chinese textbooks for special education are relatively in line with the reality of some students, but because these students have no habit of observing things carefully, they usually ignore or know little. Therefore, teachers should strengthen life accumulation in peacetime, guide students to observe and record carefully. So ... Only through observation can students feel life, know the phenomena and laws in life, accumulate materials and lay a good foundation for learning.
Encourage special education students to study independently and creatively.
Students' independent innovation means that students take self-thinking and self-expression as the core, give full play to their subjective initiative and truly reflect their own views. Teachers should guide and encourage students to learn independently in time, so that students can master and understand Chinese knowledge in other ways and realize diversified and personalized teaching goals.
(C) combined with real life, to enhance the perception of life
The descriptions of some sentences in the textbook are very similar to the actual experiences of special education students. When teaching these courses, teachers should consciously create scenes through different teaching methods, and present the objective scenes and phenomena expressed in the text in front of students in a three-dimensional way, so that students can feel immersive and feel with their own real life experience, so as to improve their understanding of the text. For example, students can imagine the scene conveyed by words through the feeling of beautiful pictures. In the process of reading aloud, teachers can make students intoxicated in their own world, feel the beauty of life and feel the dynamic world. Teachers must integrate Chinese teaching into life, so that students can deeply understand the meaning of the text, which is also conducive to mobilizing students' pursuit of beautiful things.
(D) classroom teaching, the formation of students and
In the theme-related game teaching, the boring classroom atmosphere in practice teaching will make students feel tired of learning. In classroom teaching, students will be more interested if teachers can organize games related to the theme to teach. Through the game, it can ensure that the explanation of theoretical knowledge is relatively simple, and it is also conducive to students' learning, so that students can complete the teaching requirements in the game. For Chinese teaching in special education, diversified teaching forms have changed the boring teaching forms in the past and accelerated the progress of students' innovative ability and personality. Teachers should take students' autonomous learning as the center, and carry out teaching by various teaching methods, so as to ensure the all-round coordinated learning of students' mouth, brain and hands as far as possible, make Chinese teaching in special teaching more interesting, improve the abilities of special students in all aspects, and lay a good foundation for their future.
In a word, Chinese is a tool to learn all kinds of knowledge well, and Chinese ability is a necessary condition to improve the thinking level and develop intelligence of deaf students. Thirdly, mastering Chinese tools is helpful to improve deaf students' ideological understanding and cultivate and form excellent personality quality.