Keywords: timbre; influencing factor
Music, whether vocal music or instrumental music, is the art of sound, so we must pay attention to the aesthetic feeling of sound, that is, good sound effect, which is largely determined by the quality of timbre. The basic elements of music include sound level, sound length, sound strength and timbre, which are the most abstract and difficult to grasp. Tone, that is, tone, one of the attributes of sound, is the personality characteristics of sound, which can be divided into bright, dark, brittle, dull, round, dry, strong, thin, soft and rigid. Timbre (timbre or timbre) is determined by the harmonics generated by the sounding object. The nature and shape of the sounding object are different, and the harmonics generated are different, so the timbre is also different.
The objective factors affecting the timbre of guzheng mainly include the shape of the instrument and the control of touching the strings with fingers when playing; The subjective factors affecting timbre are the aesthetic cognition and inner hearing in the composer's first creation and the performer's second creation.
First, objective factors.
(1) The influence of musical instrument modeling and material selection of armor on timbre.
The timbre of the instrument itself has a certain influence on the performance of the guzheng. Let's start with the influence of the choice and production of the instrument on the timbre. "Different musical instruments, due to different materials and structures, have different organization of the pronunciation body, and the number of natural overtones produced during pronunciation is also different, and the timbre is also different. Even if you play the same pitch and dynamics, you will have different timbre effects. Even if they are all guzheng, but the materials are different, you can also subdivide the different timbre effects between them. " Professional players' requirements for the timbre of guzheng are mainly: the voice is very concentrated, can stand up, the treble is bright, the penetration is strong, and it is crisp and lasting; The midrange transition is good, it can't diverge, and the sound quality is concentrated and full; The bass area is rich, * * * sounds good, and each sound area is in sharp contrast, unlike boiled water.
1. The influence of guzheng material selection on timbre
The material selection of guzheng is very important, which directly affects the timbre and sound quality of guzheng. The main materials for making guzheng are Chinese parasol, mahogany, rosewood, rosewood, ebony and other hardwood (commonly known as hardwood). Platanus acerifolia is soft and easy to vibrate, and is generally used as a panel. The bottom plate, head and tail of the piano are mostly hardwood, and its glued body can make a good sound and increase the volume. Mahogany is very hard.