1. Americans' cognition of China's intention of "One Belt, One Road": From the perspective of the United States, in order to counter the US "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" and other considerations, China proposed the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, which can expand westward in strategic space on the one hand, and meet the rapidly growing demand for energy resources imports in China and the urgent need for sea passage security on the other.

In addition, China wooed Russia in bilateral relations, regional and global affairs, aiming at reviving the geopolitical plate in Europe and Asia and creating a "de-Americanized" regional and global order politically and economically.

"Westward" on land and expansion at sea: Expanding strategic space. The United States believes that China is both a land power and a maritime power. The rising power of China will accelerate its expansion, and will inevitably expand its power to the fulcrum of global geopolitics, covering the whole Eurasia.