Abstract The implementation of the western development strategy and the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure provide favorable opportunities and broader space for the development of characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province. This paper analyzes the importance of implementing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province and the market potential of main characteristic agricultural products, understands the production of characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for implementing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province.
Keywords western characteristic agriculture
Gansu province, located in the west of China, is a vast area, which is one of the concepts of the national western development. 12 provinces, cities and autonomous regions, serious soil erosion, land desertification, water shortage, vegetation destruction and forest grassland degradation are the main ecological environment problems in Gansu province, and industrial pollution is the sequela of urban economic development. The fragile ecological environment in Gansu Province will not only hinder the further development of regional economy, but also become a great risk to the future living environment. All this has its crux: the double cause and effect of long-term low-level productivity and ecological fragility in history; The development mode of "over-emphasizing food self-sufficiency" has led to forest destruction and soil erosion; Economic construction does not follow the laws of ecological environment, and the technical support for ecological construction is weak; The fragmentation of the system makes it difficult to implement measures for ecological protection and construction. Characteristic agriculture refers to the agricultural industrialization with unique resources, distinctive regional characteristics, special product quality and specific consumer market. Gansu province has a vast territory, rich light, heat, water and soil resources and diverse species, which has the characteristics and potential advantages of developing agriculture. After years of development, the characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province has already laid a foundation. The implementation of the western development strategy and the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure provide favorable opportunities and broader space for the development of Gansu's characteristic agriculture. At present, we should seize the opportunity, clear our thinking, highlight key points and formulate measures to accelerate the development of characteristic agriculture in Gansu.
1, the importance of developing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province
1. 1 Developing characteristic agriculture is the key task of implementing the strategy of developing the western region.
Agriculture is the foundation and important part of western development. Characteristic agriculture is the focus of agricultural development in western China. By developing characteristic agriculture, strengthening infrastructure construction, improving production conditions and improving production capacity, we can further strengthen the basic position of Gansu agriculture, accelerate the pace of agricultural and rural economic development, and create conditions for Gansu's economic development and narrowing the gap between the east and the west.
1.2 is the main direction of developing characteristic agriculture strategy and adjusting agricultural structure in Gansu province.
Utilizing the rich agricultural resources in Gansu Province, developing characteristic agriculture and industry according to local conditions, and cultivating agricultural and industrial groups with the characteristics of western industrial belt can realize the multi-level and multi-channel development and utilization of agricultural resources, meet diversified and high-quality market demand, help open up new market space, and promote the optimization and upgrading of agricultural structure in Gansu Province.
2. Analysis of the development potential and market demand of main characteristic agricultural products in Gansu.
Judging from the distribution and market demand of agricultural products, the agricultural resources with resources and development potential are mainly concentrated in food, medicinal materials, fruits and livestock products, no matter in Gansu Province.
2. 1, food
In 2002, the province's grain planting area was 3,943 mu, and the grain output was 7.83 million tons. There are obvious regional differences in grain production among regions, and the production input in plain areas with good natural conditions and intensive methods is also relatively large, so the per capita grain output is obviously higher than that in other regions. Judging from the per capita grain expenditure, the annual per capita grain total income was 583.92 kg, and the total expenditure was 458.24 kg. The main per capita consumption of grain is 258.45 kg (including 2 12.89 kg of wheat, accounting for 82.37% of the main grain consumption), 42.75 kg of feed grain and 27.72 kg of grain. It is helpful for Gansu's grain consumption to remain in a state of tight balance, and the status of grain as the main body of rural grain consumption has not changed greatly.
With the gradual deepening of reform and opening up and China's accession to the WTO, the current international market prices tend to decline, while China's grain production costs generally show an upward trend. In the short term, the possibility of a significant increase in land productivity is very low, and the comparative advantage of grain production in China continues to decline. In addition, China's wheat import market, the United States and European Union countries reached an agreement to reduce subsidies in the Uruguay Round negotiations, which means that China can no longer import wheat from these relatively low markets. In the past, China took measures to improve the level of food self-sufficiency and reduce food imports. Due to the large share of grain in agricultural products in Gansu Province, the lower price has become the main factor affecting the overall level of agricultural products prices in Gansu Province.
2.2, cash crops
Among cash crops, Chinese herbal medicines have great processing potential and occupy a decisive position in the national medicinal materials market. In the whole year, the crude processing of Chinese herbal medicines was 654.38 million tons and the Chinese patent medicines were 32.7 million tons. Five big pieces. Angelica sinensis is the largest variety of medicinal materials in Gansu Province, which has been in a tight sales state for many years, with an annual output of more than 28,400 tons, a commodity volume of 27,300 tons and an export volume of 1509 tons. At present, the rural areas have formed their own angelica markets, such as Xiguan, Mei Chuan, Dangchang and Hadapu in Min County, Lichuan, Chengguan, Ishikawa and Weiyuan in Zhang Xian. Will exceed 10. These markets, like other drug markets outside the network, have played an important role in promoting drug circulation. Angelica sinensis is the second largest variety of medicinal materials in Gansu Province, with an annual output of over 654.38 0.4 million tons and a commodity volume of over 654.38 0.3 million tons, accounting for about 70% of the national output, mainly for export. Hedysarum hedysari is a unique Chinese herbal medicine in Gansu, which is mainly exported to Taiwan Province. The market demand of rhubarb and licorice is strong, the output is insufficient, the price is rising, and the market prospect is promising.
Traditional Chinese medicine is the main medical product in Gansu Province. In 2002, the planting area of traditional Chinese medicine in Gansu Province was1990,000 mu, with a total output of 305,800 tons. The annual output value of traditional Chinese medicine industry reached 4 billion yuan, accounting for 40% of all traditional Chinese medicine industries. The structural contradiction of pharmaceutical economy is more prominent, industrial enterprises are small and scattered, and the abuse of pharmaceutical commercial enterprises is a remarkable feature of Gansu. Most medicinal resources are supplied to the market by raw materials or primary products, which has great potential for value-added processing. The pharmaceutical market in Gansu has a capacity of 20 billion yuan, but the consumption in the local market in Gansu is only 6 million yuan, and the market is in short supply.
References:
1, Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Characteristic Agriculture in Western China, Ministry of Agriculture, 2002. 12
2, White' Western Development-Three Rural Issues' Economic Management Press, 2002.7
3. The reference is Liu Xinmaozhou's Hope for Green Loess. Lanzhou University Press 1999. 1
The main meanings of Chinese are as follows
Adjust the agricultural industrial structure and accelerate the development of characteristic agriculture in western China
The implementation of the western development strategy and the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure provide a good opportunity and broad space for the development of Gansu's characteristic agriculture. This paper analyzes the importance of implementing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province and the market potential of main characteristic agricultural products, understands the production characteristics of characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for implementing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province.
Keywords western characteristic agriculture
Gansu province is located in the west of China, with a vast territory, and it is one of the 12 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions listed as the concept of western development. Serious soil erosion, land desertification, water shortage, vegetation destruction and forest grassland degradation are the main ecological and environmental problems faced by Gansu Province, and industrial pollution has become the sequela of urban economic development. The fragile ecological environment in Gansu Province not only hinders the further development of regional economy, but also has become a hidden danger to the future living environment. These problems all have their crux: the long-term low level of productivity and ecological fragility in history are mutually causal; The development mode of "over-emphasizing food self-sufficiency" leads to forest destruction and soil erosion; Economic construction does not follow the laws of ecological environment, and the scientific and technological support ability of ecological construction is weak; The fragmentation of the system makes it difficult to implement various measures for ecological environment protection and construction. Characteristic agriculture refers to the agricultural industry with unique resource conditions, obvious regional characteristics, special product quality and specific consumption market. Gansu province has a vast territory, rich light, heat, water and soil resources, and diverse species resources, which have the advantages and potential to develop characteristic agriculture. After years of development, characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province has a certain foundation. The implementation of the western development strategy and the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure provide good opportunities and broad space for the development of Gansu's characteristic agriculture. At present, we should seize the opportunity, clear our thinking, highlight key points and formulate measures to accelerate the development of characteristic agriculture in Gansu.
1, the importance of developing characteristic agriculture in Gansu Province
Developing characteristic agriculture is the key point of implementing the strategy of developing the western region.
Agriculture is the foundation and an important part of the western development. Characteristic agriculture is the focus of agricultural development in western China. By developing characteristic agriculture, strengthening infrastructure construction, improving production conditions and improving production capacity, we can further strengthen the basic position of agriculture, accelerate the pace of agricultural and rural economic development in Gansu Province, and create conditions for developing Gansu economy and narrowing the gap between the east and the west.
1.2 Developing characteristic agriculture is the main direction of strategic adjustment of agricultural structure in Gansu Province.
Utilizing the rich agricultural resources in Gansu Province, developing characteristic agricultural products and industries according to local conditions, and cultivating characteristic agricultural industrial belts and industrial clusters in the west can realize the multi-level and multi-channel development and utilization of agricultural resources, meet the diversified and high-quality market demand, help open up new market space, and promote the optimization and upgrading of agricultural structure in Gansu Province.
2. Analysis of the development potential and market demand of main characteristic agricultural products in Gansu.
Judging from the distribution characteristics and market demand of agricultural products, the agricultural products resources with resource advantages and development potential in Gansu Province are mainly concentrated in grain, medicinal materials, fruits and livestock products.
2. 1, food crops
In 2002, the province's grain planting area was 39.43 million mu, and the total grain output was 7.83 million tons. There are obvious regional differences in grain production in different regions. The natural conditions in the plain area are good, intensive cultivation is adopted, the productive input is relatively large, and the per capita grain output is obviously higher than that in other areas. Judging from the per capita grain revenue and expenditure, the per capita grain revenue totaled 583.92 kg, and the total expenditure was 458.24 kg. The per capita staple food is 258.45 kg (including 2 12.89 kg of wheat, accounting for 82.37% of the staple food), 42.75 kg of feed grain and 27.72 kg of seed grain. It shows that Gansu's grain consumption is still in a tight balance, and the main position of grain consumption in rural areas has not changed much.
With the gradual deepening of reform and opening up and China's accession to the WTO, the current international market grain prices tend to decline, while China's grain production costs generally show an upward trend. It is unlikely that land productivity will be greatly improved in the short term, and the comparative advantage of grain production in China is still declining. In addition, the United States and European Union countries in China's wheat import market reached an agreement to reduce subsidies during the Uruguay Round negotiations, which meant that it was impossible for China to import wheat with relatively low prices from these markets in the past, prompting China to take measures to improve its self-sufficiency rate in grain and reduce its grain imports. Due to the large proportion of grain in agricultural products in Gansu Province, its price decline has become the main factor affecting the overall price decline of agricultural products in Gansu Province.
2.2, cash crops
Among cash crops, Chinese medicinal materials have great processing potential and occupy a decisive position in the national medicinal materials market. The annual processing capacity of Chinese herbal medicines is over 1. 1.0000 tons, and 3270 tons of Chinese patent medicines. Five authentic Chinese herbal medicines. Angelica sinensis is the largest medicinal species in Gansu Province. For many years, it has been in a state of tight sales, with an annual output of more than 28,400 tons, a commodity volume of 27,300 tons and an export volume of 1.509 tons. At present, there are more than ten rural markets with angelica as the main body, such as Xiguan, Mei Chuan, Hadapu, Lichuan, Chengguan, Ishikawa and Weiyuan Huichuan. These markets have formed a network with other medicinal materials markets outside the province and played an important role in promoting the circulation of medicinal materials. Codonopsis pilosula is the second largest medicinal species in Gansu Province, with an annual output of10.4 million tons and a commodity volume of10.3 million tons, accounting for about 70% of the total national output, of which exports are the main ones. Hedysarum is a unique Chinese herbal medicine in Gansu, which is mainly exported to Taiwan Province Province. The market demand of rhubarb and licorice is large, the output is insufficient, the price rises, and the market prospect is promising.
Traditional Chinese medicine is the main medical product in Gansu province. In 2002, the planting area of Chinese herbal medicines in Gansu Province was 6.5438 0.99 million mu, with a total output of 305,800 tons. The annual output value of Chinese medicine industry reached 400 million yuan, accounting for 40% of all pharmaceutical industries. The structural contradiction of pharmaceutical economy is more prominent, and the obvious characteristics of Gansu medicine are that industrial enterprises are small and scattered and there are too many commercial enterprises. Most medicinal resources are supplied to the market with raw materials or primary products, which has great value-added processing potential. The market capacity of medicinal materials in Gansu is more than 2 billion yuan, but the consumption of native products in Gansu is only 600 million yuan, and the market demand is great.
References:
1, Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Characteristic Agriculture in Western China, Ministry of Agriculture, 2002.38+02
2. Zhu Wenxing Bai Ming's "Western Development-Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers" Economic Management Press, July 2002.
3. Liu Xingmao and Zhou Shushi's Green Hope on Yellow Land. Lanzhou University Press 1999438+0.