War background: After the Meiji Restoration, Japan developed capitalism in large quantities, and the Japanese ruling group urgently needed to find a way out from foreign aggression and expansion, so it formulated a "continental policy" centered on aggression against China.

Fuse: 1894, East Snow Party Uprising broke out in North Korea.

1894.7 Japanese attack on China troop carrier. In August, the Qing government was forced to declare war on Japan, known as the Sino-Japanese War.

Divided into two stages:

The first stage, 1894.9, the main battles: the battle of Pyongyang and the battle of the Yellow Sea.

The second stage,1894.10 ~1895.4, the main battles: Liaodong Campaign and Weihai Campaign.

Treaty of shimonoseki 1895.4 Li Hongzhang, representative of the Qing government, and Bowen Ito, representative of the Japanese government.

Content: 1. Cut Liaodong Peninsula, Taiwan Province Province and its affiliated islands and Penghu Islands to Japan;

2. Compensation for Japanese military expenditure of 220 million silver;

3. Open Shashi, Chongqing, Suzhou and Hangzhou as commercial ports, and Japanese ships can sail into these ports along inland rivers.

4. The Japanese are allowed to set up factories in the trading ports of China, and the products are transported to the mainland of China without domestic tax.

The signing of treaty of shimonoseki damaged the aggressive rights and interests of Russia, Germany and France in China. Japan was forced to agree to return Liaodong Peninsula to China and extorted 30 million taels of silver from the Qing government in exchange.