Senior graduates face the influence of society, schools and various external factors, such as the conflict between study and employment pressure, the collision between concept renewal and value pluralism, and the coexistence of social communication and communication obstacles, which all lead to the psychological crisis of senior graduates.
This paper analyzes the causes and main manifestations of senior graduates' psychological crisis from two aspects: individual and environment, and puts forward reasonable intervention measures for senior graduates' psychological crisis, which lays the foundation for building a targeted and systematic psychological education crisis intervention system for senior graduates.
College students are the talents and innovative groups for the future development of the country and the hope for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The coexistence of hope and disappointment, opportunity and challenge, pressure and motivation in the growth process of college students makes the occurrence of psychological crisis of college students on the rise. Because their psychological crisis was not properly and effectively handled, it eventually deteriorated into an extreme event, which not only endangered students' health and life safety, but also affected the harmony and stability of families, campuses and even society [1]. Therefore, it is of great significance and necessity to attach importance to the study of college students' psychological crisis and its intervention, improve their mental health level, guarantee and safeguard their mental health and safety, and cultivate their sense of crisis, so as to prevent the occurrence of crisis events, maintain campus and social stability and build a harmonious society.
This paper analyzes the causes and main manifestations of senior graduates' psychological crisis from two aspects: individual and environment, and puts forward reasonable psychological crisis intervention measures for senior graduates, which lays the foundation for constructing a targeted and systematic psychological crisis intervention system for senior graduates.
Firstly, the characteristics of psychological crisis of senior graduates are analyzed.
According to statistics, the suicide rate of senior graduates in China is increasing year by year. As a proud senior graduate, after studying and exercising in the first three years of college, I have accumulated my knowledge and talents to some extent, and will soon become a bud to release energy for the society, but I have fallen behind one by one. This is not only personal sorrow, but also family misfortune and trauma, and it is also a great loss to society. The chief culprit of these sorrows and misfortunes is psychological crisis caused by various reasons. The social competition and the inadaptability of first contact with society faced by senior graduates are obviously higher than those of other junior college students. Once the psychological crisis is formed, their behaviors and consequences are irreversible.
Senior graduates are often unable to use the existing resources and the usual coping mechanisms to cope with and deal with serious psychological crisis. These crises often appear suddenly and unexpectedly. If not handled in time, it will bring great losses to society, schools and families [2].
The age of college students is usually in the late adolescence and early adolescence, and their rationality and self-regulation ability are increasing year by year [3]. At this stage, the individual's physical development is mature and his psychological development is relatively backward. They wish they could handle problems like adults. At the same time, their immature psychological development and the lag of social maturity make them realize the frustration caused by the strong gap between ideal expectations and realistic results [4]. This frustration is particularly obvious and erupts among senior graduates, because they are faced with multiple expectations from society, schools and families, which require them to use a perfect graduation destination as the answer, which has formed a strong conflict with the cruelty of reality and the lack of their own abilities. Secondly, senior graduates' self-awareness of society is still in the process of gradual formation, and they are extremely concerned and concerned about the evaluation of people around them [5].
During the whole university period, the situation of senior students is very complicated. They have to finish their studies, improve their job-hunting ability, and have psychological pressure from family and friendship. The mental health status of senior students almost fell to the bottom of college life, and serious psychological crisis appeared. If it is not controlled and alleviated in time, the crisis will lead to cognitive, emotional and behavioral dysfunction of senior graduates, as well as chaos in campus and society. To sum up, the psychological crisis of senior graduates is sudden, urgent, concentrated and painful [5].
Second, the causes of psychological crisis of senior graduates
With the rapid development of modern social economy, all kinds of competition are extremely fierce. Under the impact of various factors such as society and school, the psychological load of senior graduates has increased sharply. The reasons are as follows.
(A) the intensification of social competition on the psychological crisis of senior graduates intensified
College entrance examination is the ultimate goal of college students in middle school. Driven by the powerful baton, all the students' energy is mobilized for the college entrance examination, and nothing else can be taken care of. However, in the university stage, especially in the senior year, senior graduates have to improve their "chips" in all aspects of university study in order to win job hunting, which fully reflects this mentality. However, these "chips" are often difficult to achieve their goals in their own university study stage, which makes senior graduates deduce this competition to a white-hot level in job hunting and employment, and intensifies the psychological crisis of senior graduates. In addition, the society's demand for talents is becoming more and more severe, the demand for skills is getting higher and higher, and the difficulty of choosing a job and getting employment is getting bigger and bigger [6]. Under the heavy employment pressure, senior graduates have to face many important events related to life planning, such as internship, graduation and employment. In these key processes, they have to bear all kinds of ideological burdens, such as self-expectation, growth anxiety and emotional confusion. And their immature psychological development makes them unable to solve the pressure by their own psychological ability. The unbearable weight accumulated in this life eventually broke out in the form of mental illness, behavioral problems and physical diseases [7, 8].
(B) the impact of family on the mental health of senior graduates
Senior graduates have experienced the joy of being admitted to university, the confusion of entering the primary stage of university, the gradual adaptation to university life, the study of university professional knowledge and the improvement of their own abilities. In these processes, they and their families have paid a lot. Before this, many factors have affected the personality and perception of college students, and also affected the mental health of senior graduates. First of all, the influence of family economic ability. For example, higher education is non-compulsory, and students have to bear more tuition and living expenses, which causes great economic and psychological pressure on students from economically disadvantaged families, resulting in a strong sense of inferiority and often retreat from communication; When choosing a job, you are even less confident. Secondly, the influence of family education. Influenced by Chinese traditional educational thought, simple and rude family education has serious defects in cultivating children's character, which will also lead to children's psychological crisis. Thirdly, families expect too much from their children, but they don't meet their parents' expectations when they find jobs after graduation, which aggravates the concentrated outbreak of psychological crisis among senior graduates.
(C) the impact of their own personality on mental health
Senior graduates who are depressed are often introverted and have different extreme psychology, such as inferiority, conceit and imbalance. Most students with low self-esteem think that they are inferior to others in some way, which leads to negative emotions. When they apply for a job, they are full of yearning for society, but in the highly competitive job market, they lack self-confidence and self-denial, resulting in inferiority complex [9]. However, some students think that they are good at major, strong in ability or students of famous schools, and that they are superior to others in all aspects, which leads to extreme conceit. All these have led to the psychological imbalance of some senior graduates, which naturally leads to dissatisfaction and imbalance when some graduates encounter setbacks, thus causing a serious psychological crisis.
Third, senior graduates psychological crisis intervention analysis
In view of the psychological crisis of senior students, this paper puts forward psychological crisis intervention measures based on "senior graduates" to effectively prevent the psychological crisis faced by senior graduates.
(1) Strengthen the cultivation of mental health awareness and establish an optimistic and rational attitude in the face of setbacks and pressures.
For a long time, from primary school to university, society, school, family and so on. Most of the time, it only emphasizes the Excellence of students' academic performance, but lacks a rational guidance and education for the setbacks students face in their study and life. Therefore, when guiding senior graduates, we must quickly establish an optimistic and rational mentality in the face of setbacks and pressures, and cultivate the ability to sum up experiences and lessons from failures, turn pressure into motivation, seize opportunities in adversity, and rationally analyze the reasons for failures and their position in the competition. In addition, when giving guidance to senior graduates, we should strengthen the cultivation of their mental health awareness, consciously cultivate them to taste the joy of success through hard work, and strengthen their determination to make decisions or things that they think are important and correct [10, 1 1]. In addition, in the process of guidance, senior graduates should be good at discovering their own strengths and positioning themselves in a multi-level and diversified society. They should learn to be tolerant, cultivate perseverance, replace negative ideology with positive attitude, and establish an optimistic and rational attitude in the face of setbacks and pressures.
(2) Strengthen the communication between senior graduates and society, and improve their ability to get rid of loneliness.
When guiding senior graduates, we should correctly guide them to communicate with the society and improve their ability to get rid of loneliness. Senior graduates who often have a certain psychological crisis have a strong sense of loneliness, which increases their alienation and estrangement from society and others, and this alienation and estrangement will increase their loneliness and lead to personal psychological obstacles. In today's society, with the intelligentization of transportation and networking of communication, most graduates have more or less experienced the pain of loneliness in real life [12]. Relevant statistics show that loneliness has become a common problem among contemporary college students. Therefore, in the process of communication and training with senior graduates, we should guide them to overcome their inferiority complex, communicate more with the outside world and get out of the vicious circle of loneliness through the training of basic social skills.
Most senior graduates with psychological crisis will feel inferior and dare not get along with others, thus causing their own loneliness. In order to solve this problem, it can be suggested that college students with obvious loneliness can make use of existing communication tools when they feel lonely, such as calling friends who have not been in contact for a long time with their mobile phones, chatting with friends through the Internet, QQ or WeChat, exchanging or releasing their feelings and truly integrating into society. Secondly, cultivate the habit of "forgetting myself" and interacting with others for senior graduates. Sometimes I feel lonely when I get along with people, ten times more lonely than when I am alone. Therefore, when teaching them to get along with others, no matter what the situation is, they should be "selfless" and try to do something for others so that they can learn to warm themselves like others. Besides, really teach them how to enjoy nature. Many things in life are full of fun. If they can fully appreciate the beauty of nature, they will eliminate loneliness. If they encounter setbacks but don't want to talk to others, they can run to the open fields, the seaside or the river and shout loudly to release their inner pain and make their mood more pleasant under the natural breeze [13].
(C) the establishment of senior graduates psychological crisis intervention system
It is of great significance to establish a psychological crisis intervention system for senior college graduates to guide college students to understand, deal with and prevent psychological crisis. Defining the division of labor and responsibilities of multiple subjects in college students' psychological crisis intervention can effectively cooperate with all educational subjects, solve deep-seated psychological problems in psychological crisis, and achieve the highest goal of college students' psychological crisis intervention [13]. The establishment of psychological crisis intervention mechanism can effectively cultivate students' function of predicting, preventing and handling crises, effectively help students to make rational use of the advantages gained in study or exercise in previous years, and help senior graduates adapt to social life as soon as possible and become useful talents in society. Psychological crisis intervention system is committed to preventing the formation and outbreak of crisis, which is an effective management mode [14]. Therefore, it is necessary to train more professionals, strengthen the construction of psychological consultation institutions and establish an effective psychological crisis intervention system, so as to effectively help senior graduates reduce their psychological pressure, educate and guide them to cope with psychological crisis, and make the prevention of psychological crisis of college students really enter the agenda of student education and management.
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