As we all know, graph theory originated from a very classic problem-Konigsberg problem. 1738, Swiss mathematician Euler (? Leornhard Euler) solved the Konigsberg problem. So graph theory was born. Euler also became the founder of graph theory.
1859, the British mathematician Hamilton invented a game: a regular dodecahedron with 20 vertices, marking 20 world-famous cities, requiring players to find a closed loop that passes through each vertex just once along each side, that is, "traveling around the world".
In the language of graph theory, the purpose of the game is to find a generating cycle in the dodecahedron diagram. This generated circle was later called Hamilton circle. This problem was later called Hamilton problem. Because many problems in operational research, computer science and coding theory can be transformed into Hamilton problems, they have attracted extensive attention and research.
Brief comments on characters:
Leonhard euler (1April 70715 ~1September 783 18) was a Swiss mathematician and natural scientist. 1707 was born in Basel, Switzerland on April 5, and 1783 died in St. Petersburg, Russia on September 8. /kloc entered university of basel at the age of 0/3, graduated from university at the age of 0/5, and obtained a master's degree at the age of 0/6.
Euler is one of the most outstanding figures in the field of mathematics in the18th century. He is the most prolific mathematician in the history of mathematics, writing more than 800 pages of papers every year on average, and writing 886 books and papers in his life. Petersburg Academy of Sciences has been busy for 47 years in order to sort out his works.
In fact, he created many theorems and formulas named after him, one of which is considered to be the most beautiful mathematical formula ever. The beauty of Euler's formula is that it has nothing superfluous. It puts the most basic E, I and π in the same formula, adds 0 and 1, which is also the most important in mathematics and philosophy, and then connects them with a simple plus sign.
Above content reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Graph Theory