The weapons of the Song Dynasty were semi-offensive in Jin and Tang Dynasties, and semi-miscellaneous weapons of Liao, Jin and Mongolia in Wuhu. In the Yuan Dynasty, the weapons of the Mongolian army were unique, while the weapons of the Han army were mostly inherited from the Song system, with little change. But by the Song Dynasty, mixed soldiers had mixed all kinds of foreign weapons. As far as sources are concerned, weapons can be divided into four categories:

0 1. Song Dynasty traditional weapons

Zhu Yuanzhang's army was used before reunification, and it was still used until the end of the Ming Dynasty. Long-handled iron knives, short soldiers, bows and arrows, crossbows and arrows in Song Dynasty.

02. Ming dynasty homemade weapons

It is very different from the weapons of the Song Dynasty and unprecedented. Thanks to the creators of the Ming Dynasty, such as Qi Jiguang's special anti-Japanese weapons. Ming dynasty iron soldiers-pike and flying hook, Ming dynasty special-shaped long soldiers and rope iron soldiers, Ming dynasty iron soldiers.

03. Japanese weapons

In the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese invaders were so fierce that China's weapons could not reach them, so they used Japanese weapons. In fact, the casting of Japanese knives was successful, which began in the Song Dynasty and was introduced to China. At that time, the Song Dynasty poet Ouyang Xiu wrote a poem:

Bao Dao is near Japan, and Yue is in the east of the Sea of Japan. Fish skin covered with fragrant wooden sheath, yellow and white mixed with copper; Baijin is introduced to good people, and admiration can make the demon fierce ... It can be seen that the sword in Song Dynasty was introduced from Japan.

There are two origins of Japanese Dao in Ming Dynasty: one is imitation of Japanese Dao in Ming Dynasty, and the self-made style is similar to that of Japanese Dao, but the twists and turns are slightly different, and the blade quality is mostly inferior. Ming Dynasty imitated Japanese Dao, and the other was pure Japanese Dao, made in Japan and directly imported from China.

With regard to the entry of Japanese swords into the court of the Ming Dynasty, H.L.Joly, an Englishman, and Inada, a Japanese, co-authored the book Sword and Shark, which was published (unpublished) in Britain in 19 13. There is a cloud. According to Japanese historical records, in Ming Huidi, China, that is, in the eighth year of Japan's Yingyong Dynasty, King Iman presented ten Chuluji swords and a Japanese knife to Zhu Yunwen, Ming Huidi, and one hundred broadswords the following year. In the 14th year (during the reign of Ming Taizu), he presented a broadsword with hundreds of handles to Judy in Ming Taizu. In fifteen years, Wang Xiangming Taizu paid tribute to a golden lacquer broadsword, a hundred black lacquer broadswords and a hundred long knives.

Later, in the fifth year, Wang presented two gold-painted broadswords, one hundred black-painted broadswords and one hundred long knives to (Ming Xuanzong).

In the eighth year, it was dedicated to Zhu Qizhen (Ming Yingzong VI) with the same number of knives. In the 15th year of Wen 'an in Japan, King Yizheng presented Ming Di with two broadswords with gold lacquered sheaths, one hundred yars (spears) and Naginata with black lacquered sheaths (during the British Restoration in the eighth year of Ming Dynasty). Therefore, a royal family in Ashikaga, Japan, provided knives to the rooms of the Ming emperors, including 6 19 broadswords, 500 knives from Naginata and 100 knives from Yael. This is only an official gift to the royal families of the two countries, excluding the private gifts of Ruofu and the trade of merchants. So the number of Japanese knives entering China next season will be huge.

04. Firearms and artillery

The guns made well in the Ming Dynasty were all great feats such as fighting Jingbian and pacifying civil strife.

With the help of artillery fire, Zheng He's generation once went to sea for the Western Expedition, claiming the life of an ancestor and pointing directly at Europe. At the beginning, his death rate was 27,000, and he set sail with 62 ships and made great achievements.

After that, he went to the Western Ocean for seven times, passing through more than 40 countries such as Java. West to the Red Sea, southwest to the east coast of Africa. Ruled South Asia and the Indian Ocean for 30 years.

The muskets and cannons of the Ming Empire were very developed overseas in the Ming Dynasty, and the soldiers were far behind. Most small countries were made kings or chiefs by China, and entered the court of Gong Ming as scheduled and became vassals.

According to British records, until the second half of19th century, the natives of Nanyang Islands were still using China guns of the Ming Dynasty to resist whites, which shows that the guns made in the Ming Dynasty were excellent.

As far as land is concerned, the power of guns in the Ming Dynasty is also very considerable. It has overcome border troubles many times, wiped out the enemy and stabilized the country.

When the Ming Dynasty was about to collapse and the Qing Dynasty proclaimed itself emperor, Yuan Chonghuan borrowed the power of artillery. According to the ancient city of Ningyuan, thousands of soldiers died and supported for several years. Later, Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty trapped Yuan Chonghuan in the Ming Dynasty with double ambush, and was able to enter the customs.

The self-made firearms in Ming Dynasty were not limited to guns, such as mines, mines, meteor guns, continuous firing guns, ten thousand enemy bombs and so on. \

From this point of view, the weapons of the Ming Dynasty are actually better than those of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and they are quite revived. Therefore, the culture of the Ming Dynasty is far superior to that of the Yuan Dynasty. Sheng Xing in science and art attaches importance to practical learning and industry, pursues innovation from top to bottom, prospers national strength, introduces new knowledge from Europe, and makes China a representative of Asian culture on the international stage.

The writings based on weapons have also opened a grand occasion that has never been seen in previous dynasties since Qin and Han Dynasties. For example, Wu Bian by Tang Jingchuan, Weapons Map by Bi Maokang, Visiting the Altar by Wang, and the works of famous Qi Jiguang (Ji Xiao). ) are masterpieces of the Ming Dynasty.

In particular, Mao's Wu Bei Zhi is the most detailed and important, with as many images as Wu Jing Zong Yao. Such a huge book can be written by one person, which is even more admirable. And there are people who study science hard.

For example, "Heavenly Creations" written by the Song Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty can be described as an unprecedented work after the examination, which can be compared with European scientists in Sri Lanka.

Therefore, the art of smelting iron and casting soldiers has been rarely recorded for thousands of years since the Warring States period, but it can be passed down in the Ming Dynasty! Since the Qing Dynasty, China's new guns have only been imported.