Reference means that the author absorbs and digests other people's content, and can use it flexibly, blending into his own work and becoming a whole. I think a good writer should have three conditions: 1. Proficient in this technology and practical development experience; 2. Excellent expression and induction skills; 3. Learning ability. Writing a book is different from engaging in software development. When developing software, you only need to be very proficient in a certain part of the technology and have a general understanding of other aspects. However, a technical book must provide a complete and systematic knowledge system. In addition to the overall framework, many details must be involved, such as listing the usage of each element in the Struts configuration file and the usage of each tag in the Struts tag library. Therefore, when writing technical books, it is inevitable to refer to other documents. In fact, even those English books, such as a book about Struts, will copy some lists in Struts documents into their own books without language barriers. When writing a Struts book, I read the source code of Struts framework countless times and "stole" some codes into my own book. "Ask how clear the canal is, and there will be flowing water at the source." Look, our ancients deeply understood the importance of learning with an open mind.
Plagiarism means that the author doesn't understand other people's content at all and pieced together his own book. The book lacks coherence and organization, and cannot form a complete and independent knowledge system, which makes readers confused.
The above is my understanding of reference and plagiarism for reference. Because most computer technologies, including Struts, are created by westerners, we are only users of technology, even if we use the latest technology, we should learn from westerners. In this environment, books that spread westerners' technology will certainly permeate their thoughts and experiences.
Although a few readers' comments are harsh, I will try to absorb some useful suggestions. In Hibernate, I have specified all the references involved in this book.
Although most readers speak highly of Tomcat and Struts, few people say that my Struts are plagiarized. I don't mind seeing this kind of evaluation when I am in a good mood and have strong resistance. If I am troubled by the problems encountered in writing Hibernate and have to worry about my livelihood, I am particularly depressed. Of course, I'm depressed. I won't shake my faith in writing Hibernate. I can only write Hibernate more attentively and try not to show any traces of plagiarism.
As one reader said, "technology is not the author's originality. A good book, like an excellent teacher, can analyze the technology invented by others clearly and thoroughly." Just as many teachers teach the same knowledge or concepts, they must teach the same content. The difference lies in the different ways of teaching. Some teachers have strong expressive ability and can explain complex things clearly, while others have poor expressive ability and can't even understand simple things. Tomcat, Struts and Hibernate are not technologies invented by me. As an author, I am just a technology communicator. Like all authors, in the process of writing, I will refer to a large number of books, mainly English books. True and false are often only one step away. The positive statement is quotation, and the negative statement is plagiarism. What is the difference?
Plagiarism and Citation —— Talking from the Strict Citation System
The Wang Mingming incident has been dealt with seriously, and the propaganda work of commending scientists has been vigorously carried out. Scientific research ethics and codes have been introduced in universities, and the suggestions of "strengthening academic ethics construction" and the slogan of "study hard and write articles with life" have also been seen in the world. Hot-blooded people criticize academic corruption, carry out the "dung scraping movement" to the end, find the moral root of academic corruption, criticize the wind of quick success and quick success, impetuousness and even the whole social moral system, call for self-discipline and fight against anomie.
As a scholar, I hate plagiarism or plagiarism. However, I don't think plagiarism is just a problem of moral system anomie, but a problem of irregular learning quality. Excellent articles should be completed on the basis of reading a lot and quoting a lot, even if they are written "on the head", they need years of knowledge accumulation. In our school, even in the tradition of China, there is no strict frame of reference at all, that is to say, plagiarism depends entirely on consciousness, which is the soil of academic corruption.
I remember a western scholar said that copying one person is plagiarism, and copying many people is research. At the end of western academic papers, it is necessary to have a bibliography, sometimes very long, and clearly mark the reference page number. This page number corresponds to the previous quotation one by one, without any omission. This has two advantages, one is to explain the ins and outs of the theory, which is conducive to the follow-up research, and the other is to explain your own contribution. We can also see that reference frame is an effective way to prevent plagiarism.
In recent years, Chinese academic journals, monographs, textbooks and dissertations have made great progress in marking references, but there are still many problems and loopholes. First, editors of some magazines and publishing houses, as well as tutors of dissertations, have not asked to mark references in the articles, or even to have a bibliography at the end of the articles. Even if they do, they often only ask for "main reference". It is often found that some authors clearly quoted someone's work, but only "omitted" the title of the work; Second, it is often not required to mark references or citations in the text, thus providing space for plagiarism; Third, some academic works, papers and dissertations are written on the basis of a large number of translations, but there is no real bibliography, and even clues are revealed-the citation of the original works does not correspond to the bibliography downloaded from the Internet listed later, which is obviously a serious problem of study style, but it is rated as excellent; Four, the reviewer or reviewer does not carefully review the references of the article, or thinks that the references are dispensable; Fifth, plagiarize others' unpublished research papers, or even plagiarize others' references, and publish them first; Sixth, some tutors put the name of the first author on the papers written by students, no matter how the papers are written with reference to other people's papers.
Here, I want to talk about my personal experience. I have to admit, I entered the university from 1963, and I didn't really know how to mark references until 1996. This academic attitude does not come from domestic teachers and school education, but from the cultivation and edification of foreign academic journals and reviewers of academic works. What impressed me deeply was an article in No.39, Volume 34 of 1997 Beijing Review, which quoted Qian Sanqiang's words about China's national spirit, "China people are not stupid at all. What foreigners can do, China people, through hard work.
"Integrity is better", because of carelessness, I wrote another title, and the serial number of Beijing Review was posted wrong. I didn't know it at all, but I was discovered and questioned by Professor E.Malecki, who was in charge of reviewing and editing academic papers at the University of Florida, and urged me to find the source of the article again and correct it. I really admire his rigorous academic attitude and urge myself not to make similar mistakes in the future.
The purpose of writing this article is to hope that editors of domestic magazines and publishing houses, leaders of graduate schools and graduate tutors can pay full attention to the problem of reference documents and strengthen the education and training of teachers and students. Undergraduate and even middle school thesis writing should also pay attention to this point. Doing so may play an effective governance role in academic corruption.