A, Ming education thick customs
For details, please refer to the paper written by Professor Mao Peiqi of Renmin University in Learning and Exploration: As the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang paid special attention to the construction of enlightenment. Zhu Yuanzhang believes that customs are related to the control of chaos, and enlightenment is even more important than political punishment. Therefore, "enlightened education" is regarded by him as one of the foundations of lenient policies, and it is also an important task for the country to "cultivate roots" together with gathering wealth, saving money, prohibiting greed and violence. Zhu Yuanzhang's enlightenment at the time of regime change has a strong pertinence, establishing enlightenment and promoting loyalty and righteousness; Advocate filial piety to govern the country and take filial piety as the foundation of weathering; Establishing schools, promoting Confucianism and the system of rites and music are important means to promote enlightenment. Its education construction has effective measures and distinctive features, such as liking persuasion and persuasion to promote education, paying attention to influencing social atmosphere with rewards and commendations, paying attention to the exemplary role of officials' cultivation and self-discipline in promoting education, and paying attention to the universal publicity and education of education. These actions not only reversed the social atmosphere since the end of the Yuan Dynasty, re-established and carried forward the traditional moral concepts, and made the society tend to be stable in the early Ming Dynasty, but also had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
The second is the thought and legislative policy of "ruling the country with heavy code"
During the thirty-one years of Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, the principle of governing the country has always been "I rule troubled times, and the punishment has to be heavy". The Daming Law formulated by Hong Wu is "not as generous as Song"; The penalties for "thieves" and "things related to money and grain" that endanger the autocratic monarchy are also heavier than those in the Tang Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang's legal thought is more practical and targeted, which is embodied in the following aspects: (1) ruling the country with heavy code; Emphasize the simplicity of law: advocate the combination of ceremony and punishment; Engage in extra-legal punishment and attach importance to legal publicity.
Three. Cultural and educational policy
Reuse Confucian scholars and gradually form a staff group with Confucian scholars as the core; Attaching importance to the study of Confucian classics, strengthening the education of Confucian classics at the same time, and vigorously setting up schools at all levels have a positive effect on the spread and development of Confucian classics; Eight-part essay was ordered to select scholars, paying special attention to the role of Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, and requiring students and disciples to abide by the orthodoxy, so as to unify scholars' thoughts with Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. Ming Taizu attached importance to Confucian classics and took Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism as the academic essence, which was of great significance to the development of social politics, culture and education in the early Ming Dynasty and laid the foundation for the royal rule of the Ming Dynasty.
Fourth, there are many ideas, such as bureaucracy, military thought, economic thought, diplomatic thought, policy towards ethnic minorities, eliminating the remnants of Mongolian slavery, liberating craftsmen and so on. These are all too tired to type out, so I won't go into details. If you want to make this topic bigger, you can write your doctoral thesis (indeed, many people have written it) and recommend a serious and good book to the landlord, the Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang by Wu Han, the former vice mayor of Beijing and a predecessor of Ming history.