First of all, the circulation industry in China is at the starting point of industrial development.

Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy in China, the scale of commodity circulation has been expanding, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods has increased by 15.3% annually. 1999, the total retail sales of social goods reached 3 1 135 billion yuan, 7.3 times higher than 1979. The expansion of commodity circulation scale makes the circulation industry and related industries develop rapidly and become the main body of the tertiary industry.

First of all, the degree of marketization has greatly improved. It has formed a multi-economic component, multi-management mode and multi-channel circulation pattern; Commodity prices have been basically liberalized, and the basic role of the market in resource allocation and price formation has been significantly enhanced; The transparency, openness and fairness of market transactions are constantly improving, and the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce.

Second, the degree of socialization and organization has improved.

First, the wave of chain operation is in the ascendant. China began to introduce this form of business organization in the early 1990s, and then it quickly evolved into the main form of modern business development. According to incomplete statistics, by the end of 1999, there were more than 20,000 chain stores and branches in China, with annual sales exceeding 1000 billion yuan, accounting for about 5% of the total retail sales of social goods. At the same time, China's commodity wholesale market system has begun to take shape and become an important commodity circulation channel. According to a quick survey conducted jointly by the State Economic and Trade Commission and the National Bureau of Statistics in199, by the end of June 1999, there were nearly 60,000 spot commodity trading markets (including wholesale and retail markets) in China, and the total turnover of the national commodity trading markets in198 was 265.438+00.868 billion yuan, equivalent to the total retail sales of social consumer goods. A number of key backbone markets with large scale, strong radiation function and great driving effect have been formed throughout the country.

In addition, the main body of circulation is developing towards collectivization and scale, and its competitive strength is increasing year by year. At present, a large number of various trading groups have emerged in China. In addition to the traditional wholesale traders, a number of manufacturers represented by Haier and Lenovo have also directly entered the circulation field, built their own marketing network and sales system, and implemented integrated management of industry and trade, becoming important circulation subjects. Various market intermediary organizations have gradually developed, and brokerage companies, express delivery companies, customs declaration service companies, accounting firms, audit firms and other institutions have emerged, which has improved the specialization and organization of commodity circulation.

Third, the opening up of the circulation sector has accelerated. From 65438 to 0992, the government of China launched a pilot program of opening to the outside world in the commercial field. Up to now, more than 300 foreign enterprises have entered the China market in various forms such as joint ventures and cooperation. Large multinational commercial groups such as Vuormaa, Metro and Carrefour have successively landed, and various new business forms, formats and operating methods such as supermarkets, convenience stores, specialty stores, warehouses and membership hypermarkets have been adopted. The influx of foreign-funded enterprises indicates that China's commodity circulation has begun to integrate into the international market. Foreign-funded enterprises not only brought advanced business philosophy and management technology, but also promoted the degree of organization and management of domestic circulation industry. At the same time, they also brought fierce market competition, and the life cycle of various formats was obviously shortened, which made the development of China's circulation industry at this stage have obvious leap and rapid expansion.

Fourth, the modernization of circulation began. Mainly due to the continuous development of investment scale and construction of commercial facilities, various commodity trading markets, distribution centers, logistics centers and processing and storage centers have been established one after another, and their functions in circulation have begun to appear. The construction of logistics system is promoting the development of traditional warehousing industry to modern logistics. The adoption of new management techniques and means has improved the automation of circulation operation and the informatization level of management. Modern information processing methods such as computer, bar code and POS system are gradually adopted. The circulation industry has gradually changed from traditional manual operation, counter sales and experience management to specialized division of labor and large-scale operation, and the capital and technical content of the industry have improved. Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places have begun to establish logistics bases, forming new industrial advantages through planning and multi-channel investment.

Second, accelerating the industrialization of commodity circulation is of great significance to the realization of China's economic growth goal.

Over the past 20 years, China's economy has grown at an average annual rate of 9.7%, the per capita national income has increased from US$ 250 to nearly US$ 800, and 654.38+0.4 billion labor force has shifted from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries, and industrialization has reached a new level. However, as the most populous developing country in the world, we are still in the middle stage of industrialization, and the industrialization process is far from complete. In order to promote the industrialization of China and realize the next economic growth goal, we must speed up the process of circulation industrialization.

First of all, circulation industrialization is an important content and premise of industrialization. Judging from the history of developed countries in the world, industrialization has gone through a stage of circulation modernization to a certain extent. For example, Japan launched three five-year plans for circulation modernization in 1960s, aiming at supporting and promoting the further development of industrialization, while South Korea launched them in 1970s and 1980s, which greatly improved the level of circulation industrialization and made positive contributions to enhancing its economic competitiveness and realizing its export-oriented development strategy. Judging from the situation in China, although there is still a big gap between the level of industrialization and the developed countries in the world, relatively speaking, the level of circulation industrialization lags behind the upgrading and structural adjustment of manufacturing industry, which has become one of the main factors restricting the improvement of China's industrial competitiveness. Basically follow the original set of circulation facilities, management methods and management organization methods, and the problems of decentralized management, backward management, high circulation cost, low efficiency and poor service level have not been fundamentally solved. Take logistics cost as an example. According to relevant statistics, the annual logistics cost in the United States is 800 billion US dollars, accounting for 1 1% of the gross national product, while the logistics cost in Germany accounts for 10% of GDP and that in China is 30%. This has greatly affected the competitive strength of China's manufacturing industry.

Second, judging from the current economic development of our country, the commodity circulation industry is the main body of the tertiary industry and an important driving force for its development. In the post-industrialization period, the accelerated development of the tertiary industry has become an inevitable trend of the development and evolution of the industrial structure, and the first development of the circulation industry can drive the tertiary industry.

Three. Circulation industrialization is an important measure to meet the challenge of economic globalization.

In the coming period, economic globalization will present the following new features: First, multinational companies will break through the anti-monopoly law, and the scale of global mergers and acquisitions will continue to expand, which will involve more fields. Second, the network economy will drive the global service markets such as telecommunications, banking, insurance and transportation to continue to expand, and form an international financial transaction network with time connection and price linkage. Third, multilateral organizations such as the WTO, the International Policy Coordination Group and regional economic organizations will play an increasingly important role in promoting economic globalization through global and regional trade and investment liberalization arrangements. Facing the new trend of economic globalization, it is urgent to speed up the development of China's circulation industrialization.

First, the dominant position of traditional industries provides a broad development space for the development of circulation industry. From the reality of our country, traditional industries still have broad market demand and remain an important pillar of China's comprehensive economic strength. For a considerable period of time, abundant and high-quality labor resources are China's greatest comparative advantage. In the whole international division of labor, China is gradually becoming the world production base of many industrial products and the processing base of multinational companies. China is becoming one of the largest producers in the world. How to use high technology to transform traditional industries and how to realize the transformation from an industrial power to an economic power are the tasks we face. In the process of economic growth in China, the biggest market will still be traditional industries, which objectively creates a broad development space for the development of commodity circulation industry, and at the same time puts forward requirements for its industrialization. To build a global commercial logistics network requires not only the matching of infrastructure, but also the updating of management technology and means, and the industrialization of circulation is imperative.

Second, circulation industrialization is the key to improve the competitiveness of traditional industries. Circulation industrialization has two meanings: lower circulation cost and higher value-added service, and the core is to enhance the market competitiveness of products. Judging from the situation of manufacturing industry, under the traditional system, China has implemented a management system of separation of production and marketing and domestic and foreign trade for a long time, which not only runs counter to the development trend of modern circulation industry, but also becomes a major defect and congenital deficiency in the development of processing manufacturing industry in China. Under the condition of buyer's market, the restriction of circulation on production is more and more obvious. The gap between China and the world in the field of distribution services is much larger than the gap in production technology, but the contradiction has not been fully exposed due to the protection of the domestic market in this field.

Distribution service is actually another way of saying modern commodity circulation.

Distribution service not only provides goods, but also provides services, covering the whole process of circulation. In modern economic life, distribution service has become one of the main sources of product value-added, and its proportion is on the rise, and distribution service has increasingly become an important means of industrial competition. At present, one of the important competitive strategies adopted by international multinational companies is to expand market share and improve product competitiveness by providing various services in the sales process, which makes it difficult for customers to leave suppliers and new competitors to enter this field. From this point of view, in the future industrial competition, the distribution service in the field of commodity circulation is a crucial link. Whoever has mastered the control of distribution channels through leading technology and online business routes will win the competition. After joining the WTO, the contradictions and problems in this field will become more prominent. Service competition has become an important part of industrial competition, and service value-added is also an important source of industrial profits. Facing the new international division of labor and global competition of manufacturing industry, to enhance the overall strength of China's economy, we should not only continue to introduce technology and improve management, but also work hard on circulation industrialization.

Thirdly, from the perspective of business services, China's traditional businesses are facing severe challenges of business globalization in the primary stage of modernization. At present, China's traditional commercial enterprises are still operating in a relatively closed and narrow market, with small scale, single mode of operation, low degree of organization, poor market adaptability, backward circulation facilities and technical means, especially weak production organization and service capabilities. According to modern commodity circulation standards, they are still in the traditional commercial stage. After China's entry into WTO, both the traditional retail and wholesale service industry and the circulation service industry of manufacturing industry will face the competition from the international circulation industry. Even the domestic market has become a stage for international competition. In the competition with multinational corporations and foreign enterprises, only when the winners and losers have the same scale can the circulation efficiency be maximized and the circulation cost be minimized. Faced with such a market environment, China's circulation industry must accelerate the process of industrial modernization, which is the only choice for China to face the development trend of global economic integration.

Fourth, establish the strategic goal of catching up and developing.

E-commerce has created opportunities and possibilities for the leap-forward development of circulation industry. First of all, e-commerce has changed the growth model of enterprises. In the traditional business model, circulation efficiency and competitive advantage mainly depend on business scale and management technology, and scale and technology mainly depend on the contest of capital strength. E-commerce relies on information economy and network economy, which breaks the previous law of economic growth. Its core is to replace atoms with bits to a great extent, that is, digital transmission replaces a considerable part of traditional material movement and information exchange, replacing people's face-to-face communication with a lot of time and transaction costs. Timely, economical and effective use of e-commerce has changed the traditional economic growth law and enterprise operation mode. Virtual enterprises can build their own network empire with less capital, and the myth of economies of scale is broken, and small and medium-sized enterprises can still compete with large enterprises on an equal footing.

Second, the circulation service industry is leading. From the characteristics of commodity circulation industry itself, service industry and small and medium-sized enterprises are mostly labor-intensive industries, and the proportion of labor cost and service cost in the whole business activities is obviously greater than that of other industries. E-commerce fundamentally changed the way of sales activities. Enterprises do not need to build tangible commercial buildings to realize their own sales, and manufacturers do not have to sell their products through a series of intermediate links, thus greatly saving the circulation of manpower and material resources. At the same time, it can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of service, and adopting new management means and methods is undoubtedly more competitive than traditional circulation methods.

Due to the major technological changes in circulation mode and the continuous expansion of e-commerce, countries with relatively backward development do not have to follow others step by step in the process of circulation industrialization, but can choose a higher starting point and catch up with developed countries by using new technical means and enterprise models to achieve leap-forward development. Judging from the existing e-commerce practice in China, the circulation industry is fully capable and possible to achieve such development. In terms of civil aviation ticketing and tourism service website system, China and developed countries in the world started almost at the same time, and the level is basically close. The smooth start of e-commerce in these service areas provides a reference for the commodity circulation industry to choose a high starting point and leap-forward development model, and also shows that it is completely possible to catch up.

Finally, it needs to be emphasized that there are conditions to achieve leap-forward development. At the same time, it is necessary to step up remedial classes to create conditions for catching up. The globalization of commerce and the development of e-commerce are both challenges and opportunities for the modernization of China's commodity circulation industry. Strive to use 5 ~ 10 years to accelerate the construction of market system and the development of national information infrastructure, narrow the gap between the external environment and basic conditions for the use of e-commerce in China's circulation industry and the international level, and provide an institutional and technical environment for traditional businesses to improve the level of circulation services and market competitiveness.