The essence of "Benevolent Policy" of "respecting the elderly and protecting the people" Mencius believes that the process of implementing benevolent policy is also the process of extending a kind hand to the people, that is, the process in which rulers bring kindness to the people with their noble moral quality and behavior in order to win their obedience and support. Mencius believed that only in this way can the world be peaceful. Keywords benevolent government; Pro-respect; Mencius' theory of benevolent governance is based on the concept of "benevolence and righteousness". Mencius believes that the root of the world's failure to unify peace lies in the decline of people's ethical and moral concepts. As long as moral education is strengthened and people's moral concepts and qualities are improved, a peaceful political situation in the world can be achieved. He said: "Kiss, be kind; Respect for elders, benevolence and righteousness. " ("Dedicated") and said: "Everyone is close, the world is peaceful" ("Li Lou") As long as every member of society can honor his parents and consciously abide by feudal ethics, the society will be harmonious and the world will be stable and peaceful. Mencius closely linked the enhancement of moral concept and the improvement of moral level with the ruler's own moral quality and behavior, and unified the promotion of benevolence and morality with the ruler's administrative process. He summarized this process as follows: "When the old man is old, people are old; Young people, young people, young people. The world is in your hands. " The poem says, "Punishment is for widows, brothers and families." I just added words to my heart. Therefore, kindness is enough to protect the whole world, but not kindness can't protect your wife. Ancient people were so great because they were good at pushing what they did. "(King Hui Liang) means to respect my father and brother and love other people's children in the same mood. All political measures are based on this principle. Unifying the world is as easy as turning things in your hand. The Book of Songs says: "Set an example for your wife first, then pass it on to your brothers, and then pass it on to your fief and country. "That is to say, just extend the same kind heart to other aspects. Therefore, the distribution of interests from near to far is enough to stabilize the world; You can't preach kindness, and you can't even protect your wife and children. Ancient sages have no other unique skill to surpass ordinary people, but they are good at publicizing their good behavior. This passage can be said to be Mencius' summary of his "benevolent politics". Mencius believes that the implementation of benevolent governance means that rulers should try their best to expand the inherent goodness of respecting the elderly and loving the young, and take this as a moral principle to push themselves and others to all members of society from near to far. From "I am old, and people are old; Mencius put forward the idea of "having fun with the people". In his view, only by being among the people, observing people's sufferings, caring about people's lives and putting themselves in their shoes to solve practical difficulties can the rulers gain people's support and support. For example, Mencius said that he had the problem of "lust" and "good goods". He said that it was ok for rulers to lust after good goods. The problem was that "they shared it with the people", so that the people could have no complaints at home, no husbands outside and a rich life. This desire for good things is not a disadvantage, but an advantage. In Mencius' view, it is not wrong for rulers to like money and beauty. The key is that when he is eating delicious food, he must think of the people, many men and women, and try his best to care about the sufferings of the people and solve the practical difficulties in their lives. In this way, he can satisfy his happiness while thinking about creating a happy life for the people as much as possible. If a ruler can push himself and others and "be with the people", then he will be loved by the masses. Therefore, he said: "If people are happy, people will be happy; People have their worries, and people have their worries. Happiness is in the world, worry is in the world, not the king, nothing. " ("Hui Liang Wang Xia") means that as a ruler, if he is a person who takes the happiness of the people as his own happiness, the people will take his happiness as their own happiness; If he is a person who worries about the people, the people will also worry about him. A ruler who can share weal and woe with the people all over the world can't get the people's obedience and support, which has never happened before. Source: Zhifu Times