Fish vaccine is one of the best measures to prevent and control aquaculture diseases. It can not only improve the specific immune level of animals, enhance the body's ability to resist adverse stress, but also avoid public health problems such as drug resistance and quality and safety of aquatic products caused by antibiotic treatment. Fish vaccine has become the strategic frontier of research and development of aquatic animal disease prevention and control in the world today.
For health care, many farmers feel that oral ingredients are very troublesome and rarely taken orally before inoculation, resulting in poor liver and poor physique of some fry, and a large number of them die within half a month after inoculation. Therefore, it is suggested to take immunity-enhancing products once every 10 day during the period of 6- 10, so as to supplement nutrition, enhance the physique of fry and successfully pass the vaccination period.
Fish vaccination mode
1. Injection: Aquatic vaccines are mainly inoculated by injection, which is mainly suitable for fish with high economic value and large size. According to different inoculation sites, it can be divided into intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection and subcutaneous injection. This method can effectively stimulate the body to produce immune response and produce corresponding antibodies, and has the advantages of good effect, reliability and safety.
2. Immersion: Immersion immunity is a unique immune method for aquatic animals such as fish. It means that the immunized object is soaked in a solution containing a certain concentration of vaccine for a certain period of time to achieve the purpose of immunizing fish, mainly including instantaneous soaking, short-term soaking, long-term soaking and running water soaking.
3, oral: oral inoculation method is mainly used for large fish. This method is to mix the vaccine into the bait to feed the fish, which is simple and convenient to operate, but it is easily restricted by many factors such as water temperature, water quality and fish physique, and the effect is not ideal, so it is not popular. However, oral vaccine is still one of the key points in the development of aquatic vaccines, such as DNA oral vaccine.
4. Intestinal perfusion: Intestinal perfusion is also called anal perfusion. This method can directly transport the uncoated vaccine to the intake area of fish intestinal vaccine, which saves part of the vaccine treatment and can effectively reduce the mechanical damage of fish. However, this inoculation method takes a long time, needs to be operated independently for each immune object, and has high work intensity, which is not suitable for group immunization with large samples.